ASM-6D: Fast Certified Pose-Shape Inference with Complete Correspondence Flow Maps

Category-level 6D pose estimation from a single RGB-D observation is inherently under-constrained, since partial visible geometry must be interpreted together with a canonical object structure before a stable pose can be determined. We present LEGAU, a unified framework that jointly predicts NOCS correspondence, object pose and size, and a canonical Semantic Gaussian Field. Rather than treating reconstruction as a detached auxiliary task, LEGAU uses the Gaussian field as a category-conditioned structural prior that participates in multimodal feature fusion and provides global guidance for local pose reasoning. Conditioned on a categorical text embedding, LEGAU processes RGB-D observations through a transformer-based fusion module that integrates visual, geometric, and category-level cues, decoding the NOCS map, pose and size information and the Gaussian-based object representation. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world benchmarks show that this coupled pose-shape formulation achieves strong performance in a single-model multi-category setting, with up to 22% on SOPE and competitive transfer to real-world data. These results highlight the benefit of jointly learning canonical correspondence, object shape, and pose alignment within a unified representation.

Category-level object pose estimation predicts the rotation, translation, and metric size of unseen instances within known categories. Many accurate RGB-D methods rely on external instance segmentation and crop-based pose estimation, introducing separate stages and object-dependent processing costs that hinder real-time inference. To bring accurate pose estimation into real time, we present \ours{}, an end-to-end trainable query-based RGB-D set predictor. It jointly detects and segments objects and estimates their \mbox{9-DoF} poses without explicit CAD-derived shape priors or a separately trained instance segmentor. Shared image and scene encoding avoids repeated per-object crop encoding. A query-conditioned geometry pathway associates observed 3D points and RGB features with object queries and incorporates shared scene context. Object-centric refinement uses the resulting point descriptors to update an explicit pose state through pose-conditioned cross-attention and recurrent residual corrections. On NOCS, \ours{} substantially improves on published RGB-D joint detection and pose estimation results. It achieves competitive performance compared with two-stage methods under all-object evaluation on REAL275 and HouseCat6D, while enabling real-time full-frame pose estimation at $31.8$ FPS on an RTX~A6000. Project page: https://yopo-series.github.io/RYOPO-project-page/.

6D pose estimation is a key task in computer vision and embodied AI, widely used in robotic manipulation, augmented reality, etc. Existing methods directly regress in a high-dimensional continuous space, facing two key challenges in category-level pose estimation: limited accuracy due to noise and local optima, and inefficient search over an infinite space that hinders real-time performance. This paper proposes Flow6D, a hierarchical flow matching framework with a two-stage discrete latent space localization-continuous pose regression strategy. Rotation and translation parameters are first discretized into bins, with a discrete flow matching model locking the latent space around the true pose to reduce search complexity. Then, by sampling in the latent space, a continuous flow matching model predicts local pose residuals to optimize the estimate and regress to an accurate pose. The framework also naturally extends to articulated objects, outperforming state-of-the-art methods on synthetic and real datasets with real-time inference at 70 FPS. Project website: https://flow6d.github.io/.