Dialogue Generation for Conversational Recommendation Using User Search Interactions and Knowledge Graphs
Organizations: School of Computing, KAIST Daejeon, Republic of Korea · LG Electronics Seoul, Republic of Korea · Department of AI Computing, KAIST Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Abstract
Large-scale conversational recommendation datasets typically require manual dialogue construction or annotation. We propose SearCl, which automatically generates conversational recommendation dialogues grounded in user search and click behaviors. SearCl segments user interactions into query sessions and derives each recommendation target from content selected after a search query. A configurable probabilistic state machine controls the dialogue flow, while two LLM agents acting as the seeker and recommender generate utterances according to turn-level constraints. To support recommendation, the recommender is provided with knowledge graphs constructed from metadata about the content items used in each dialogue, capturing their attributes and relationships. Using SearCl, we generate 3,538 dialogues from content search and click interaction data, covering 1,731 unique target items. Under an LLM-as-a-judge protocol, the resulting dialogues achieve higher quality scores than dialogues from existing benchmarks. These results demonstrate that SearCl enables controllable and knowledge-grounded dataset construction without human annotations.
Figures & tables
| State(s) | Utterance |
| GREET_RECOMMENDER | Hello! You previously enjoyed children’s animation such as Ttoltoli: The Secret of the Baby Dinosaur . Would you like to watch something similar today, or should I suggest something with a different atmosphere? |
| GREET_SEEKER ASK_SEARCH_QUERY | Hello! Yes, please choose something for me again today. I am looking for a light and entertaining movie that is not too serious and is suitable for watching with my family. Could you recommend one? |
| ASK_USER_PREFERENCE | For something that you can comfortably watch with your family, animation or comedy would be a good fit. Would you prefer something completely bright and cheerful, or a story with a little more adventure? |
| RESPOND_PREFERENCE | I would prefer something bright and cheerful! |
| RECOMMEND | In that case, I recommend The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023) . Its combination of comedy, animation, and adventure makes it bright and entertaining. With voice performances by Jack Black and Anya Taylor-Joy, it is also a fun choice for the whole family. |
| ACCEPT CHITCHAT_SEEKER | Great, I will watch that one! Its bright and cheerful atmosphere sounds perfect for a relaxing movie night with my family. If we enjoy it, I will ask for something similar next time. |
| Level | Metric | SearCl | ReDIAL | INSPIRED |
| Utterance (0–2) | Fluency | 1.98 | 1.67 | 1.71 |
| Informativeness | 1.35 | 0.99 | 1.03 | |
| Logicality | 1.95 | 1.86 | 1.86 | |
| Coherence | 1.96 | 1.89 | 1.92 | |
| Constraint adherence | 1.99 | – | – | |
| Grounding | 1.81 | 1.52 | 1.33 |
Text Generation
Text generation studies methods for producing coherent, useful language from prompts, data, and dialogue context.
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