Tool-Augmented Language Model Agents

Overview

Tool-augmented language model agents decide when and how to use tools such as web search, code interpreters, and application APIs, then incorporate the results into multi-step tasks. Common approaches include retrieval and filtering of tool menus, planning and memory, structured tool-call interfaces, and supervised fine-tuning or reinforcement learning in executable environments. Benchmarks such as BFCL, τ²-bench, and AppWorld test tool selection, argument accuracy, and task completion, while newer evaluations examine long-horizon workflows and failures in stateful settings. A central challenge is making tool use reliable and efficient: tools can improve answers, but unnecessary calls, faulty outputs, and mismatches between models and agent harnesses can undermine performance.

Latest papers

CardsList

167 papers13 papers in the last four weeks, down 43% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. Matched Capabilities, Different Behaviors: A Controlled Study of MCP and CLI Interfaces for Language Agents

    Oct 25, 2026Zhenning Shi, Liang Pang, Yongqi LiTool-Augmented Language Model AgentsLLM Tool Use

  2. MedCaseAgent: From Multimodal Clinical Evidence to Rare Disease Case Reports

    Oct 23, 2026Hongkang Chu, Yifan Shen, Tianjiao Yu +4Medical Report GenerationMedical LLMs

  3. Robust Function Calling for LLM Agents Under Interface Drift

    Oct 16, 2026Aniruddha Chattopadhyay, Kanishka Halder, Partha Sarathi RoyTool-Augmented Language Model AgentsLLM Agent Reliability

  4. Terrarium: Growing Personal Assistants via Scalable Synthesis of App Worlds

    Oct 10, 2026Mengzhou Wu, Yuzhe Guo, Jiawen Tao +9LLM Agent TrainingSynthetic Data Generation for Language Models

  5. Fewer Tokens, Better Action: GPT-6 Astra Robot Agents with 14% Higher Success Rate but 65% Fewer Tokens

    Oct 1, 2026Ruiyang Si, Jianxin Bi, Shunyu Yang +12Vision-Language-Action ModelsTool-Augmented Language Model Agents

  6. Finding the Right Fit: Model-Harness Interactions across Agent Tasks

    Oct 1, 2026Yixuan Li, Yiyun Zhou, Yao Long Teng +6Tool-Augmented Language Model AgentsLLM Agent Evaluation

  7. TMCS: Tool-Grounded Multi-Agent Reasoning for Compositional Chemical Problem Solving

    Sep 28, 2026Shengqin Wang, Jie Jin, Yu Cheng +4Molecular OptimizationTool-Augmented Language Model Agents

  8. AgentHop: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Agentic Multi-Hop Scientific Question Answering

    Sep 28, 2026Chanhee Park, Jeongho Yoon, Sungbin Han +2Multi-Hop QATool-Augmented Language Model Agents

  9. On Device Agentic Operation Caches -- Classifier-Centric NL-to-Action Generation

    Sep 27, 2026Moghis Fereidouni, Anthony Arnold, Sumit Gulwani +2LLM Inference EfficiencyTool-Augmented Language Model Agents

  10. SkillGym: Internalizing Human Skills into LLMs for Real-World Problem Solving

    Sep 23, 2026Zhilong Ge, Yuting Shao, Yutao Yang +6Tool-Augmented Language Model AgentsLLM Agent Skill Learning

  11. Toolcompass: Guiding Tool Trialing, Not Suppressing It

    Sep 22, 2026Junlin Fang, Chong Zhang, Do Nguyen-Thanh +3Representation LearningTool-Augmented Language Model Agents

  12. Qwen-Audio-3.1-Realtime: Towards Reliable Agentic Voice Interaction

    Sep 21, 2026Lujia Bao, Qian Chen, Luyao Cheng +15Tool-Augmented Language Model AgentsSpeech Foundation Models

  13. Lookahead-R: Budget-Aware Tool Retrieval via Execution-Centric Planning

    Sep 20, 2026Zongze Wu, Yani Guo, Runnan LiLLM Tool UseTool-Augmented Language Model Agents

  14. Characterizing Web Search by Conversational LLM Agents: From Search Decisions and Strategies to Results and Responses

    Sep 16, 2026Mahsa Amani, Seungeon Lee, Abhisek Dash +9Tool-Augmented Language Model AgentsAgentic Search

  15. Salesforce Koa: An Enterprise Language Model for Agentic Tool Use

    Sep 14, 2026Zixiang Chen, Sufeng Niu, Yingchi Liu +23Tool-Augmented Language Model AgentsLanguage Modeling

  16. Fabrication After Tool Failure: Tool-Augmented Agents Assert Values Their Tools Did Not Return

    Sep 13, 2026Arham Sethi, Arsen Kenzhebayev, Saanvi Paturi +3Tool-Augmented Language Model AgentsDeception in Language Models

  17. When Tools Get in the Way: The Effect of Unnecessary Tool Availability on LLM Answering

    Sep 12, 2026Saanvi Paturi, Arsen Kenzhebayev, Arham Sethi +3Tool-Augmented Language Model AgentsLLM Tool Use