Single Photon Avalanche

Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are revolutionizing low-light imaging by detecting individual photons, enabling high-speed, high-dynamic-range sensing. Current research focuses on improving energy efficiency through computational methods like photon inhibition and optimizing data acquisition via sensor fusion with event cameras or compressive sensing techniques. These advancements, coupled with the use of deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks and recurrent neural networks for image processing and reconstruction, are driving applications in diverse fields including microscopy, robotics, and biomedical imaging.