Functional Connectivity

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Overview

Functional connectivity studies how activity in different brain regions covaries, helping researchers characterize brain organization and its links to cognition, behavior, and disorders. Common approaches derive connectivity from fMRI or EEG using correlations or synchrony, then analyze static or time-varying networks with graph, higher-order, and geometric methods. Deep learning and multimodal models combine these networks with structural imaging, while self-supervised and foundation models aim to learn representations that transfer across tasks and datasets. A key challenge is ensuring that strong predictions generalize across sites, parcellations, and scan conditions and that identified connections are reproducible and biologically interpretable.

Latest papers

CardsList

60 papers13 papers in the last four weeks, up 117% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. NeuroAlign: Hierarchical Multimodal Fusion of Dynamic and Structural Neuroimaging for MCI Analysis

    May 31, 2026Xiongri Shen, Zhenxi Song, Jiaqi wang +13Feature AttributionFunctional Connectivity

    Department of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China · School of Intelligence Science and Engineering, College of Artificial Intelligence, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China +5

  2. The Variance Brain Foundation Models Forgot: Third-Order Statistics Predict Cognition Where Billion-Parameter Models Fail

    May 29, 2026Giovanni Marraffini, Gabriel Mahuas, Trinidad Borrell +2Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsFunctional Connectivity

    Inria Saclay Île-de-France, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France · Sigma Nova · Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM +1

  3. Distance-Aware Joint Spatio-Temporal Graph Contrastive Learning for Major Depressive Disorder Diagnosis

    May 22, 2026Muhammad Asif Hasan, Yanming Zhu, Xuefei Yin +1Functional ConnectivityDepression Detection

    School of Information Technology and Communication, Griffith University, Australia

  4. Rare Events, Real Signals: Functional Ensembles as Units of Computation in Deep Spiking Networks

    May 21, 2026Aditi Aravind, Konstantinos Ladakis, Mario Alexios Savaglio +2Functional ConnectivityNeural Network Interpretability

    University of Crete, Greece · 2Foundation of Research & Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Greece · 4Harvard Medical School, USA +2

  5. Riemannian geometry meets fMRI: the advantages of modeling correlation manifolds and eigenvector subspaces

    May 21, 2026Mario Severino, Manuela Moretto, Robert A. McCutcheon +1Functional ConnectivityNeuroimaging

    Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy · Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, United Kingdom · Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Ln, Headington, Oxford OX3 7JX, United Kingdom +2

  6. Network-Aware Bilinear Tokenization for Brain Functional Connectivity Representation Learning

    May 13, 2026Leo Milecki, Qingyu Hu, Bahram Jafrasteh +2Representation LearningMasked Autoencoders

    Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. · School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University and Cornell Tech, New York, NY, USA.

  7. Learning Cross-Atlas Consistent Brain Disorder Representations via Disentangled Multi-Atlas Functional Connectivity Learning

    May 7, 2026Minheng Chen, Chao Cao, Jing Zhang +2Multi-View ConsistencyDisentangled Representation Learning

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, United States · School of Computing, University of Georgia, United States

  8. Learning beyond Site Bias for OOD Generalization in Brain Networks

    May 7, 2026Yingxu Wang, Kunyu Zhang, Yanwu Yang +5Functional ConnectivityDomain Generalization

    Zhengzhou University · City University of Hong Kong

  9. Foundation models for discovering robust biomarkers of neurological disorders from dynamic functional connectivity

    Apr 23, 2026Deepank Girish, Yi Hao Chan, Sukrit Gupta +2Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsFunctional Connectivity

    College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

  10. Modeling Higher-Order Brain Interactions via a Multi-View Information Bottleneck Framework for fMRI-based Psychiatric Diagnosis

    Apr 20, 2026Kunyu Zhang, Qiang Li, Vince D. Calhoun +1Functional ConnectivityMulti-View Learning

    Department of Computer Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, The Netherlands · Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA · Department of Physics and Technology, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, 9019, Norway

  11. Continual Learning for fMRI-Based Brain Disorder Diagnosis via Functional Connectivity Matrices Generative Replay

    Apr 15, 2026Qianyu Chen, Shujian YuContinual LearningReplay-Based Continual Learning

    †Nanyang Technological University · ‡VU Amsterdam · §UiT The Arctic University of Norway

  12. Learning Structural-Functional Brain Representations through Multi-Scale Adaptive Graph Attention for Cognitive Insight

    Mar 31, 2026Badhan Mazumder, Sir-Lord Wiafe, Aline Kotoski +2Brain Network AnalysisMultimodal Graph Learning

    Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University · Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University · Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University

  13. NeuroBRIDGE: Behavior-Conditioned Koopman Dynamics with Riemannian Alignment for Early Substance Use Initiation Prediction from Longitudinal Functional Connectome

    Mar 31, 2026Badhan Mazumder, Sir-Lord Wiafe, Vince D. Calhoun +1Human Behavior PredictionFunctional Connectivity

    Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University · Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University

  14. Decoding Functional Networks for Visual Categories via GNNs

    Mar 30, 2026Shira Karmi, Galia Avidan, Tammy Riklin RavivVisual NeurosciencefMRI-Based Visual Decoding

    The School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev · The School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev · Psychology Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

  15. Identifying Connectivity Distributions from Neural Dynamics Using Flows

    Mar 27, 2026Timothy Doyeon Kim, Ulises Pereira-Obilinovic, Yiliu Wang +2Query IdentifiabilityRecurrent Neural Networks

    Allen Institute, Seattle, WA, USA · University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

  16. Hierarchical Multiscale Structure-Function Coupling for Brain Connectome Integration

    Mar 21, 2026Jianwei Chen, Zhengyang Miao, Wenjie Cai +10Brain Network AnalysisNeuroimaging

    School of Medicine, University of Dundee, UK · College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, China · School of Airspace Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China +5

  17. Toward a Multi-View Brain Network Foundation Model: Cross-View Consistency Learning Across Arbitrary Atlases

    Mar 20, 2026Jiaxing Xu, Jingying Ma, Xin Lin +7fMRI Foundation ModelsBrain Network Analysis

    Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health at National University of Singapore, Singapore · School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China · College of Computing and Data Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore +4

  18. Recovering Sparse Neural Connectivity from Partial Measurements: A Covariance-Based Approach with Granger-Causality Refinement

    Mar 19, 2026Quilee SimeonBrain Network AnalysisSparse Recovery

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  19. Fusion Learning from Dynamic Functional Connectivity: Combining the Amplitude and Phase of fMRI Signals to Identify Brain Disorders

    Mar 14, 2026Jinlong Hu, Jiatong Huang, Zijian CaiDynamic Functional ConnectivityFunctional Connectivity

    Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Multimodal Big Data Intelligent Analysis, School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China

  20. Exploring Subnetwork Interactions in Heterogeneous Brain Network via Prior-Informed Graph Learning

    Mar 13, 2026Siyu Liu, Guangqi Wen, Peng Cao +4Brain Network AnalysisFunctional Connectivity

    Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China · Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image of Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China · School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China +5

  21. Learning the Hierarchical Organization in Brain Network for Brain Disorder Diagnosis

    Mar 10, 2026Jingfeng Tang, Peng Cao, Guangqi Wen +3Brain Disorder ClassificationBrain Network Analysis

    Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China · School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China · AiShiWeiLai AI Research, Beijing, China +1

  22. Neural Dynamics-Informed Pre-trained Framework for Personalized Brain Functional Network Construction

    Mar 8, 2026Hongjie Jiang, Yifei Tang, Shuqiang WangBrain Network AnalysisFunctional Connectivity

    Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.

  23. LUMINA: Laplacian-Unifying Mechanism for Interpretable Neurodevelopmental Analysis via Quad-Stream GCN

    Mar 5, 2026Minkyung Cha, Jooyoung Bae, Jaewon Jung +3GNN OversmoothingGraph Neural Networks

    Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea · NVIDIA AI Technology Center HK, Hong Kong

  24. EEG-SeeGraph: Interpreting functional connectivity disruptions in dementias via sparse-explanatory dynamic EEG-graph learning

    Mar 3, 2026Fengcheng Wu, Zhenxi Song, Guoyang Xu +4ElectroencephalographyDynamic Graph Learning

    Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China · Institute of Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen · Institute of Neurological Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China

  25. Beyond Anatomy: Explainable ASD Classification from rs-fMRI via Functional Parcellation and Graph Attention Networks

    Mar 3, 2026Syeda Hareem Madani, Noureen Bibi, Adam Rafiq Jeraj +3Autism Spectrum DisorderNeuroimaging

    Salim Habib University · VentureDive · National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences

  26. FCN-LLM: Empower LLM for Brain Functional Connectivity Network Understanding via Graph-level Multi-task Instruction Tuning

    Mar 1, 2026Xingcan Hu, Wei Wang, Li XiaoBrain Network AnalysisFunctional Connectivity

    University of Science and Technology of China

  27. Interpretable Cross-Network Attention for Resting-State fMRI Representation Learning

    Feb 28, 2026Karanpartap Singh, Adam Turnbull, Mohammad Abbasi +3Brain Network AnalysisFunctional Connectivity

    Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305

  28. PIME: Prototype-based Interpretable MCTS-Enhanced Brain Network Analysis for Disorder Diagnosis

    Feb 24, 2026Kunyu Zhang, Yanwu Yang, Jing Zhang +2Brain Network AnalysisInterpretable ML

    Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China · University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany · China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China +3

  29. A Data-Driven Method to Map the Functional Organisation of Human Brain White Matter

    Feb 21, 2026Yifei Sun, James M. Shine, Robert D. Sanders +4Functional ConnectivityNeuroimaging

    School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia. · Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia. · School of Medical Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, 2050, Australia. +5

  30. BrainATCL: Adaptive Temporal Brain Connectivity Learning for Functional Link Prediction and Age Estimation

    Aug 9, 2025Yiran Huang, Amirhossein Nouranizadeh, Christine Ahrends +1Functional ConnectivityTemporal GNNs

    New Jersey Institute of Technology · University of Oxford