Test-Time Adaptation of VLMs

VLM: Vision-Language Model

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12 papers in the last four weeks, up 71% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. CVIF: A Criticality-Driven Visual Intervention Framework for Geometric Diagram Understanding in MLLMs

    Oct 5, 2026Jiahui Kang, Bifan Wei, Lingling Zhang +4Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsVisual Reasoning

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University · Tencent Hy AI Data

  2. Efficient Test-time Adaptation through Candidate Verification and Divergence Shifts

    Oct 5, 2026Seungmin Oh, Seunghun Kang, Jongbin RyuTest-Time AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    Ajou University

  3. Technical note on: Zero-Training Feature-Space Alignment via Information Geometry

    Sep 29, 2026Behraj Khan, Tahir Qasim Syed, Syed Ahmad Chan BukhariDistribution Shift RobustnessInformation Geometry

    School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Business Administration Karachi, Pakistan · Division of Computer Science, Mathematics and Science, St. John’s University, USA

  4. Position Aware Layer Queries for Test Time Training in Vision Language Models

    Sep 27, 2026Rajat Modi, Priyank Pathak, Xin Liang +1Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsVLM Distillation

    Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Central Florida Orlando, FL 32816, USA

  5. Test-Time Generalized Category Discovery

    Sep 27, 2026Shambhavi Mishra, Omprakash Chakraborty, Julio Silva-Rodriguez +3Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsGeneralized Category Discovery

    ÉTS Montréal, Canada

  6. SphMind: Towards Robust, Training-Free VLM-based Spatial Reasoning with a 360 Camera

    Sep 27, 2026Shriram Damodaran, Soumyaratna Debnath, Cheston Tan +1Test-Time Adaptation of VLMs3D Spatial Reasoning

    IHPC, A*STAR, Singapore

  7. TTRSD: Test-Time Reinforcement Learning with Self-Distillation for Vision-Language Models

    Sep 27, 2026Shuning Wang, Zhiheng Wu, Xun Zhou +8Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsVLM Distillation

    Zhejiang University · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Harbin Institute of Technology +1

  8. Domain Recentering and Confidence-Weighted Prior Calibration for Vision-Language Models

    Sep 24, 2026Youngeun Seol, Jimin Shin, Heeseo Yoon +1Source-Free Domain AdaptationUnsupervised Domain Adaptation

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University

  9. Retrieval Geometry Shapes Cache-Based Clip Adaptation

    Sep 20, 2026Mahir Shahriar Tamim, Md. Samiul Alim, Azmine Toushik Wasi +5Memory-Augmented VLMsTest-Time Adaptation

    Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North South University · Computational Intelligence and Operations Laboratory · Institute of Information Technology, Jahangirnagar University +2

  10. Label-free steering: Compressing test-time reinforcement learning into bias-only subspaces

    Sep 16, 2026Naveen Vakada, Mingyuan Li, Shaoxiong JiFine-TuningTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    University of Turku, Finland · ELLIS Institute Finland

  11. Bridging the Confidence Gap: Temperature Scaling for Calibrating Test-Time Prompt Tuning

    Sep 15, 2026Yuwei Liang, Jian Liang, Dapeng Hu +2Post-Hoc CalibrationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · NLPR & MAIS, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · Independent Researcher

  12. Learning from Reliable Negatives: Confidence-Anchored Test-Time Adaptation for GUI Grounding

    Sep 14, 2026Yizhou Liu, Fei Tang, Yuchen Yan +8Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsGUI Grounding

    Zhejiang University · Ant Group

  13. DSE-VTG: Dual-Side Enhancement for Training-Free Video Temporal Grounding

    Sep 8, 2026Zhuo Cao, Bingqing Zhang, Sen Wang +1Temporal Video GroundingTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    The University of Queensland, Australia

  14. To Adapt or Not to Adapt? Selective Adaptation for Vision-Language Models

    Sep 8, 2026Siru Jiang, Yuwei Liang, Jian Liang +2Test-Time AdaptationVLM Adaptation

    School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China · NLPR & MAIS, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China +1

  15. Test-Time Logit Prompting for Source-Free Missing Modality Adaptation

    Sep 2, 2026Taixi Chen, Nancy GuoMissing-Modality LearningTest-Time Adaptation

    School of Computing State University of New York at Binghamton

  16. DESA-TTA: Dynamic EMA and Source Anchoring for Test-Time Adaptation

    Sep 1, 2026Atif Belal, Lilian Hollard, Marco Pedersoli +1Open-Vocabulary Object DetectionVLM Robustness

    LIVIA, ILLS, Dept. of Systems Engineering, ETS Montréal, Canada

  17. Augmenting Human Performance with an XR Agent Learning from Online Behavior and BCI Evidence

    Aug 31, 2026Ziheng Li, Xichen He, Haoyan Chen +10Test-Time AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    †Columbia University · ‡Emory University

  18. Towards Continual Test-Time Adaptation of Vision-Language Models in Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation

    Aug 30, 2026Chandler Timm C. Doloriel, Yunbei Zhang, Sarthak Kumar Maharana +5Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsOpen-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation

    Faculty of Science and Technology (REALTEK), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) · Tulane University · University of Texas at Dallas

  19. LiST: Local-Simplex Test-Time LoRA Fusion

    Aug 23, 2026Yihua Shao, Jia Li, Siyu Chen +12VLM AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    PolyU · CASIA · GDUT +7

  20. CoAdapt-GUI: Joint Workflow Context and Policy Adaptation for Unseen GUI Applications

    Aug 12, 2026Linqiang Guo, Li Gu, Zihuan Jiang +8Reinforcement LearningRL for GUI Agents

    Peter · Concordia University · Mila – Québec AI Institute +2

  21. Test-Time Hallucination Control in Large Vision-Language Models

    Aug 11, 2026Mehran Tamjidi, Hamidreza Dastmalchi, Ali Cheraghian +3Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsLarge Vision-Language Models

    University of Technology Sydney · York University, Canada · Australian National University +2

  22. Test-Time Prototype Adaptation for Open-Vocabulary Semantic Segmentation

    Aug 8, 2026Haozhe Wang, Jintao Cheng, Weibin Li +1Test-Time AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    South China Normal University · The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

  23. Respect Your Zero-Shot Uncertainty: Conservative Calibration for Test-Time-Adapted Vision-Language Models

    Aug 6, 2026Jingyan Jiang, Yaru Sun, Xiao Chen +5VLM AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    1Shenzhen Technology University · 3Shenzhen University · 2Tsinghua University +1

  24. MuRA: Multi-Rank Adaptation for Efficient and Effective Test-Time Vision-Language Generalization

    Aug 4, 2026Gengyuan Liu, Nanzhou Wang, Chang Liu +5Vision-Language ModelsVLM Adaptation

    Tsinghua University Shenzhen, China · Tsinghua University Beijing, China · Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan, China +1

  25. Local Margin Restoration for Test-Time Adaptation of Vision-Language Models

    Aug 3, 2026Yan Huang, Guowei Wang, Xu Wang +2VLM RobustnessTest-Time Adaptation

    Guangzhou University Guangzhou, China · The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Guangzhou, China · Jinan University Zhuhai, China +1

  26. Test-Time Training for Modality Order Consistency in Vision-Language Models

    Jul 22, 2026Aditi Gupta, Yossi GandelsmanVLM RobustnessVLM Adaptation

    University of Chicago · Reve

  27. Can Experts Adapt Without Training? On Test-Time Modality Generalization in MVLMs

    Jul 18, 2026Raza Imam, Darakshan Rashid, Yutong Xie +3VLM RobustnessVLM Adaptation

    Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence, Abu Dhabi, UAE · Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India · Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE

  28. When Can Test-Time Adaptation Help Zero-Shot CT Vision-Language Models?

    Jul 17, 2026Ailar Mahdizadeh, Puria Azadi Moghadam, Xiangteng He +1Zero-Shot LearningRadiology VLMs

    University of British Columbia · 2Vector Institute

  29. Robustifying Vision-Language Models via Test-Time Prompt Adaptation

    Jul 10, 2026Xingyu Zhu, Huanshen Wu, Shuo Wang +4VLM RobustnessVLM Adaptation

    National University of Singapore · University of Science and Technology of China · The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

  30. When Prompts Ignore Structure: Graph-Based Attribute Reasoning for Calibrated VLMs

    Jul 8, 2026Tanay Sodha, Aditya Sharma, Ramya Hebbalaguppe +2Vision-Language ModelsVLM Adaptation

    Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India · TCS Research, New Delhi, India

  31. USE: A Unified Self-Ensembling Framework for Test-Time Prompt Tuning

    Jul 4, 2026Siru Jiang, Jian Liang, Ran He +1Ensemble LearningVLM Adaptation

    School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · NLPR & MAIS, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences +1

  32. Selective Test-Time Debiasing for CLIP via Reward Gating

    Jul 1, 2026Jaeho Han, Jisoo Yang, Hyeondong Woo +3Debiased MLVLM Adaptation

    Department of Artificial Intelligence, Chung-Ang University

  33. ComMem: Complementary Memory Systems for Test-Time Adaptation of Vision-Language Models

    Jun 27, 2026Guanglong Sun, Shuang Cui, Bo Lei +6Memory-Augmented VLMsVision-Language Models

    School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · 3Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing, China +2

  34. T-VSS: Test-Time Visual Subspace Steering for Adversarial Robustness of Vision-Language Models

    Jun 22, 2026Jaehyuk Jang, Minseok Seo. Seungju Cho, Kangwook Ko +1VLM RobustnessVLM Adaptation

    School of Electrical Engineering, KAIST

  35. What Drives Test-Time Adaptation for CLIP? A Controlled Empirical Study from an Update Perspective

    Jun 12, 2026Jiazhen Huang, Xiao Chen, Zhiming Liu +3VLM EvaluationTest-Time Adaptation

    Tsinghua University · Shenzhen Technology University

  36. AVIS: Adaptive Test-Time Scaling for Vision-Language Models

    Jun 10, 2026Ahmadreza Jeddi, Minh Ngoc Le, Amirhossein Kazerouni +8Test-Time Adaptation of VLMsEfficient VLM Inference

    AI Center-Toronto, Samsung Electronics · University of Toronto · Vector Institute +1

  37. SS-TPT: Stability and Suitability-Guided Test-Time Prompt Tuning for Adversarially Robust Vision-Language Models

    Jun 5, 2026Sunoh Kim, Daeho UmVLM RobustnessVLM Adaptation

    Dankook University, Yongin, South Korea · University of Seoul, Seoul, South Korea

  38. TTT-VLA: Test-Time Latent Prompt Optimization for Vision-Language-Action Models

    Jun 2, 2026Wenbo Zhang, Jianxiong Li, Shuai Yang +4Test-Time AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    ByteDance Seed · The University of Adelaide · Tsinghua University +3

  39. EgoAdapt: A Multi-Scene Egocentric Adaptation Method for CVPR 2026 HD-EPIC VQA Challenge

    May 23, 2026Zhiwei Chen, Yupeng Hu, Zixu Li +4Test-Time AdaptationVLM Adaptation

    Shandong University · Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen)

  40. Towards Fine-Grained Robustness: Attention-Guided Test-Time Prompt Tuning for Vision-Language Models

    May 19, 2026Jia-Wei Hai, Yijun Wang, Xiu-Shen WeiVLM RobustnessAdversarial Attacks on VLMs

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, and Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications, Southeast University, China. · School of Intelligence Science and Engineering, Southeast University, China.

  41. Test-Time Hinting for Black-Box Vision-Language Models

    May 13, 2026Kaihua Hou, Abhijith Varma Mudunuri, Jiaxing Qiu +3Visual Question AnsweringVLM Adaptation

    UC Berkeley · UCSF · University of Virginia +1

  42. Reward-Guided Semantic Evolution for Test-time Adaptive Object Detection

    May 6, 2026Lihua Zhou, Mao Ye, Xiatian Zhu +7Open-Vocabulary Object DetectionTest-Time Adaptation

    Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hong Kong Institute of Science and Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong, China · School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China · Surrey Institute for People-Centred Artificial Intelligence, CVSSP, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK +3

  43. GRPO-TTA: Test-Time Visual Tuning for Vision-Language Models via GRPO-Driven Reinforcement Learning

    May 5, 2026Yujun Li, Hongyuan Zhang, Yuan YuanVLM AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    School of Artificial Intelligence, Optics and Electronics (iOPEN), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, P.R. China · The University of Hong Kong

  44. Majorization-Guided Test-Time Adaptation for Vision-Language Models under Modality-Specific Shift

    Apr 27, 2026Lixian Chen, Yanhui Chen, Junyi LinVLM RobustnessTest-Time Adaptation

    Guangdong University of Technology · Guangzhou, China

  45. Ramen: Robust Test-Time Adaptation of Vision-Language Models with Active Sample Selection

    Apr 23, 2026Wenxuan Bao, Yanjun Zhao, Xiyuan Yang +1VLM RobustnessTest-Time Adaptation

    University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

  46. Prototype-Based Test-Time Adaptation of Vision-Language Models

    Apr 23, 2026Zhaohong Huang, Yuxin Zhang, Wenjing Liu +2Test-Time AdaptationVLM Adaptation

    Key Laboratory of Multimedia Trusted Perception and Efficient Computing, Ministry of Education of China, Xiamen University, 361005, P.R. China.

  47. Test-Time Perturbation Learning with Delayed Feedback for Vision-Language-Action Models

    Apr 20, 2026Zehua Zang, Xi Wang, Fuchun Sun +4Test-Time AdaptationTest-Time Adaptation of VLMs

    Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · Tsinghua University, Beijing, China +2

  48. ProtoDCS: Towards Robust and Efficient Open-Set Test-Time Adaptation for Vision-Language Models

    Feb 27, 2026Wei Luo, Yangfan Ou, Jin Deng +4VLM RobustnessTest-Time Adaptation

    South China Agricultural University · Pazhou Laboratory · South China University of Technology +1

  49. VLOD-TTA: Test-Time Adaptation of Vision-Language Object Detectors

    Oct 1, 2025Atif Belal, Heitor R. Medeiros, Marco Pedersoli +1Open-Vocabulary Object DetectionVLM Robustness

    LIVIA, ILLS, Dept. of Systems Engineering, ETS Montréal, Canada