While document layout analysis for Latin scripts has advanced significantly, driven by the advent of large multimodal models (LMMs), progress for the Khmer language remains constrained because of the scarcity of annotated training data. This gap is particularly acute for scene documents, where perspective distortions and complex backgrounds challenge traditional methods. Given the structural complexities of Khmer script, such as diacritics and multi-layer character stacking, existing Latin-based layout analysis models fail to accurately delineate semantic layout units, particularly for dense text regions (e.g., list items). In this paper, we present the first comprehensive study on Khmer scene document layout detection. We contribute a novel framework comprising three key elements: (1) a robust training and benchmarking dataset specifically for Khmer scene layouts; (2) an open-source document augmentation tool capable of synthesizing realistic scene documents to scale training data; and (3) layout detection baselines utilizing YOLO-based architectures with oriented bounding boxes (OBB) to handle geometric distortions. To foster further research in the Khmer document analysis and recognition (DAR) community, we release our models, code, and datasets in this gated repository (in review).
Figures & tables
Figure 1: Sample Khmer text layout (with permission [ 1 ] .) Blue: consonant subscript. Green: base consonant. Orange: dependent vowel. Purple: diacritic. Best viewed in color.
Figure 2: The overall methodology of this study.
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Table 6: Comparison of layout detection performance with the existing models on the evaluation set. Bold : best . Italic : second best .
Figure 6: Some qualitative evaluation casess.
Figure 7: Side-by-side comparison of Surya-OCR’s detection results (left) and those of our best-performing model (right). Blue arrow: wrong layout label. Green arrow: failed or missed detection.