Document Layout Analysis

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Overview

Document layout analysis studies how to detect and classify page regions, recover reading order and hierarchy, and connect elements such as captions, tables, and form fields. Common approaches include object detectors and vision transformers, OCR combined with geometric or graph-based rules, and end-to-end vision-language models; some systems also use semantic cues to handle complex layouts. The field supports reliable document search, extraction, accessibility, and question answering across settings from scientific PDFs to historical scans and camera-captured forms. A central challenge is generalizing across languages, domains, and distortions while evaluating structural correctness—not just text recognition or bounding-box accuracy.

Latest papers

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64 papers6 papers in the last four weeks, up 50% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

  1. Reading Beyond OCR Noise: Robust Cross-Lingual RAG for Legislative Archives

    Oct 26, 2026Radha Krishna Deshpande, Ajoy Mondal, Akash Manna +1Historical Document ProcessingRAG Robustness

    CVIT, International Institute of Information Technology, Hyderabad, India

  2. LayoutMamba: Efficient Document Layout Analysis with Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Networks

    Oct 26, 2026Kehua Chen, Mingyi ChenDocument Layout AnalysisHybrid Mamba-Transformer Architectures

  3. What the Author Wrote, What the Agent Reads: Silent Cue Loss in Enterprise Document Ingestion

    Oct 21, 2026Yikai Zhao, Saurabh Pandey, Pradeep Kumar MisraLLM Agent ReliabilityEnterprise AI Agents

    Amazon

  4. DocLayout-YOLO: Axis-Attentive Document Layout Detector with Mesh-Guided Synthetic Pretraining

    Oct 20, 2026Zhiyuan Zhao, Hengrui Kang, Guang Liang +2Document Layout AnalysisEfficient Object Detection

    Shanghai AI Laboratory

  5. Read, Parse, Describe: Unified Document Parsing with Visual Element Description Generation

    Oct 14, 2026Yuheng Chen, Yufan Chen, Zhuojun Cai +8Document Parsing BenchmarksDocument Parsing

    Karlsruhe Institute of Technology · University of Alberta · Hunan University

  6. Heading Hierarchy Reconstruction for Complex and Long Documents with Level-Wise Multimodal Memory

    Oct 13, 2026Qian Chen, Xianyin Zhang, Lifan Guo +1Document Layout AnalysisMemory-Augmented VLMs

    Qwen DianJin Team, Alibaba Cloud Computing

  7. TableVision: Recovering Verified Structure from Historical Tables

    Oct 12, 2026Todd Y. Zhou, James M. SnyderTable Structure RecognitionHistorical Document Processing

    T. Y. Zhou is with Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. · J. M. Snyder, Jr. is with the Department of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.

  8. HANS: A Handwritten Answer Sheet Dataset for Noisy Hybrid Document Parsing

    Oct 8, 2026Xiazhen Wu, Wansong Qin, Yangbin Zheng +5Handwritten Mathematical Expression RecognitionDocument Image Understanding

    Jinan University, Guangzhou, China

  9. From PDF to Evidence: Structure-Aware Retrieval for Clinical Practice Guidelines

    Sep 27, 2026Xingyu Lin, Dehui DuHealthcareInformation Retrieval

    Software Engineering Institute, East China Normal University Shanghai, China

  10. Layout-Guided Masking for GROBID: Lightweight Structural Gains in Large-Scale Scientific PDF Ingestion

    Sep 22, 2026Luca Foppiano, Sana Khamassi, Vipul GuptaTable Structure RecognitionDocument Parsing

    ScienciaLAB, Portugal · Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Germany

  11. Mind the Gaps: A Curated Benchmark for Form Field Detection

    Sep 20, 2026Iheb Brini, Omar Moured, Hamza Gbada +1Document Layout AnalysisDocument Image Understanding

    Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden · Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany · LATIS-Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems, National Engineering School of Sousse (ENISo), University of Sousse, Tunisia

  12. Collapse, Not Complexity: Failure-Conditioned Decomposition Repair for End-to-End Document Parsing

    Sep 20, 2026Xingyu Lin, Dehui DuDocument ParsingDocument Layout Analysis

    Software Engineering Institute, East China Normal University Shanghai, China

  13. Learning to Ground Before Reading: Unified PCB Engineering Drawing Parsing with Compact Vision-Language Models

    Aug 29, 2026Jinghao Liu, Xingrun Liu, Gengchen Sun +3Document Image UnderstandingDocument Layout Analysis

    Beijing Normal–Hong Kong Baptist University, Zhuhai 519087, China · Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research and Application for Data Science, Zhuhai 519087, China · Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China +1

  14. AcroMELD: Recovering Interactive PDF Forms with Structure-Aware Graph Set Transformers

    Aug 23, 2026Samuel AbramovDocument Image UnderstandingDocument Layout Analysis

    Accessful GmbH

  15. Identify, Locate, Link: End-to-End Key-Value Extraction from Document Images

    Aug 21, 2026A. Said Gurbuz, Ahmed Nassar, Christoph Auer +8Document Information ExtractionDocument Image Understanding

    IBM Research Zurich · ETH Zurich · IBM Research Zurich, Rüschlikon, Switzerland +1

  16. Institutional Newspapers Pipeline: Deriving billions of high quality tokens from historical newspapers

    Aug 19, 2026Matteo Cargnelutti, Catherine Brobston, Eben English +6Historical Document ProcessingDocument Information Extraction

    Institutional Data Initiative, Harvard Law School Library · Boston Public Library · Harvard Law School Library +1

  17. Impact of Iterative Fine-Tuning on Transcription Accuracy in Complex Historical Sanskrit Manuscripts

    Aug 19, 2026Kartik Chincholikar, Kaushik Gopalan, Mihir HasabnisOptical Character RecognitionHistorical Document Processing

    Centre for Inter-disciplinary Artificial Intelligence (CAI), FLAME University, Pune, India

  18. FRAGMENT: Factorized Graph Representations for Document Generation and Editing via Entity-Aware Transformations

    Aug 19, 2026Ayoub El Bouchtili, Guilhaume Leroy-MelineGraph GenerationDocument Layout Analysis

    IBM Consulting

  19. Code as Representation: A Compilable Parsing Paradigm for Academic Documents

    Aug 18, 2026Rihui Jin, Jun Wang, chengyuan zhu +11Document ParsingDocument Parsing Benchmarks

    Southeast University School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing, Jiangsu, China · Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore · Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing, Jiangsu, China +1

  20. TeleOCR: Navigating Document Parsing Across Digital and Camera-Captured Documents

    Aug 13, 2026Peng Cai, Zhaofan Zou, Shifa Liu +7Vision-Language ModelsDocument Parsing

    China Telecom Artificial Intelligence Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd.

  21. FormStruct-Bench:A Hierarchical and Diagnostic Benchmark for Table-Form Document Structure Recognition

    Aug 11, 2026Lujie Ban, Jiangtao Zhu, Yuanheng Yu +2Document UnderstandingTable Structure Recognition

    The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen · University of Washington

  22. PaDoc: Layout-Grounded Parallel Decoding for Document Parsing

    Aug 6, 2026Hao Yu, Jiabo Zhan, Kang Liu +8LLM Inference AccelerationDocument Parsing

    1Tsinghua University · 2Wechat Vision, Tencent

  23. Thinking with Anchors: Grounded and Efficient Document Reasoning

    Aug 5, 2026Sichen Zhu, Yuchen Zhu, Wenzhuo Xu +13Vision-Language GroundingDocument Layout Analysis

    1Georgia Tech · 2CMU · 3Adobe +5

  24. LayoutLite: Token-Level Implicit Layout Analysis for Efficient Document OCR

    Jul 24, 2026Xudong Liu, Bicheng Wan, Yulin JinEfficient VLM InferenceDocument Layout Analysis

    1Yuanli Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. · 2Beijing Normal University

  25. Benchmarking Deep Learning Approaches for AEC Engineering Drawing Layout Detection and Information Extraction

    Jul 21, 2026Tianyang Huang, Alessio Lombardi, Ahmed Elnagar +7Document UnderstandingDocument Information Extraction

    Buro Happold Ltd., London, United Kingdom · Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom

  26. Towards Hierarchical Structure Understanding of Newspaper Images

    Jul 16, 2026William Mocaër, Solène Tarride, Thomas Constum +7Document Layout AnalysisDocument Image Understanding

    LITIS UR4108, University of Rouen Normandy, France · Teklia, Paris, France · LITIS UR4108, INSA of Rouen Normandy, France +1

  27. BaFCo: A Document Understanding Benchmark for Complex Bangla Form Comprehension

    Jul 6, 2026Abu Tyeb Azad, Ishita Sur Apan, Fahim Ahmed +8Document UnderstandingLLM Evaluation

    Wichita State University, USA · Center for Computational & Data Sciences, Bangladesh · University of Dhaka, Bangladesh +1

  28. Reading Order Inference for Complex Document Layouts

    Jul 1, 2026Iddo Hakim, Sharva Gogawale, Omer Ventura +4Document UnderstandingHistorical Document Analysis

    School of Computer Science and AI, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel

  29. Semantic-Guided Reading Order Reconstruction in Historical Armenian Newspapers with LLMs

    Jul 1, 2026Chahan Vidal-Gorène, Nadi Tomeh, Victoria KhurshudyanHistorical Document AnalysisLLM-Assisted Annotation

    CJM, LIPN · 1 École nationale des chartes-PSL · Laboratoire d’Informatique Paris Nord +4

  30. RT-DocLayout: Real-Time End-to-End Document Layout Analysis with Reading Order in the Wild

    Jun 22, 2026Cheng Cui, Tingquan Gao, Xueqing Wang +11Multi-Task LearningDocument Layout Analysis

    PaddlePaddle Team, Baidu Inc.