cs.MAApr 15, 2026

InfoChess: A Game of Adversarial Inference and a Laboratory for Quantifiable Information Control

Authors: Kieran A. Murphy

Organizations: New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States

Abstract

We propose InfoChess, a symmetric adversarial game that elevates competitive information acquisition to the primary objective. There is no piece capture, removing material incentives that would otherwise confound the role of information. Instead, pieces are used to alter visibility. Players are scored on their probabilistic inference of the opponent's king location over the duration of the game. To explore the space of strategies for playing InfoChess, we introduce a hierarchy of heuristic agents defined by increasing levels of opponent modeling, and train a reinforcement learning agent that outperforms these baselines. Leveraging the discrete structure of the game, we analyze gameplay through natural information-theoretic characterizations that include belief entropy, oracle cross entropy, and predictive log score under the action-induced observation channel. These measures disentangle epistemic uncertainty, calibration mismatch, and uncertainty induced by adversarial movement. The design of InfoChess renders it a testbed for studying multi-agent inference under partial observability. We release code for the environment and agents, and a public interface to encourage further study.

Figures & tables

Explore similar work

CardsList
  1. Scalable Decision Making for Games of Imperfect Information

    Nov 10, 2025Samuel Sokota, Eugene Vinitsky, Hengyuan Hu +3Game-Playing AgentsInference-Time Search

  2. Let's Measure Information Step-by-Step: AI-Based Evaluation Beyond Vibes

    Aug 7, 2025Zachary Robertson, Sanmi KoyejoAdversarial RobustnessReference-Free Evaluation