Agentic Frameworks for Reasoning Tasks: An Empirical Study

Zeeshan Rasheed; Abdul Malik Sami; Muhammad Waseem; Kai-Kristian Kemell; Mika Saari; Pekka Abrahamsson

cs.AIApr 17, 2026

Agentic Frameworks for Reasoning Tasks: An Empirical Study

Authors: Zeeshan Rasheed, Abdul Malik Sami, Muhammad Waseem, Kai-Kristian Kemell, Mika Saari, Pekka Abrahamsson

Organizations: *Faculty of Information Technology and Communication Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.

Abstract

Recent advances in agentic frameworks have enabled AI agents to perform complex reasoning and decision-making. However, evidence comparing their reasoning performance, efficiency, and practical suitability remains limited. To address this gap, we empirically evaluate 22 widely used agentic frameworks across three reasoning benchmarks: BBH, GSM8K, and ARC. The frameworks were selected from 1,200 GitHub repositories collected between January 2023 and July 2025 and organized into a taxonomy based on architectural design. We evaluated them under a unified setting, measuring reasoning accuracy, execution time, computational cost, and cross-benchmark consistency. Our results show that 19 of the 22 frameworks completed all three benchmarks. Among these, 12 showed stable performance, with mean accuracy of 74.6-75.9%, execution time of 4-6 seconds per task, and cost of 0.14-0.18 cents per task. Poorer results were mainly caused by orchestration problems rather than reasoning limits. For example, Camel failed to complete BBH after 11 days because of uncontrolled context growth, while Upsonic consumed USD 1,434 in one day because repeated extraction failures triggered costly retries. AutoGen and Mastra also exhausted API quotas through iterative interactions that increased prompt length without improving results. We also found a sharp drop in mathematical reasoning. Mean accuracy on GSM8K was 44.35%, compared with 89.80% on BBH and 89.56% on ARC. Overall, this study provides the first large-scale empirical comparison of agentic frameworks for reasoning-intensive software engineering tasks and shows that framework selection should prioritize orchestration quality, especially memory control, failure handling, and cost management.

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