cs.AISep 5, 2026

OmniStepBench: Deployment-Aware Agent Evaluation across Modalities and Task Complexity

Authors: Yu Liu, Zhilin Liu, Zhiwei Yang, Shaojie Zhang, Zheyuan Deng, Tingwei Huang, Zhenbo Luo, Lei Jiang, 

Organizations: Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences · School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · MiLM Plus, Xiaomi Inc. · Department of Computer Science, Brown University

Abstract

As large language models evolve from question-answering systems into general-purpose agents, evaluation must move beyond static answer correctness to assess multimodal perception, multi-step execution, tool use, and artifact delivery. However, existing benchmarks are often tied to specific task types, execution environments, or scoring protocols, limiting their comparability, interpretability, and reliability for deployment decisions. We introduce OmniStepBench, a benchmark for deployment-aware agent evaluation across modalities and task complexity. Built on a shared OpenClaw execution environment, OmniStepBench organizes 233 tasks selected and adapted from 22 source benchmarks into a 2×32\times3 workload matrix defined by input modality and execution form, and evaluates them under a unified contract-based protocol with evidence-based score auditing. We evaluate 30 commercial API models and 12 locally deployed open-weight models (42 models in total) over 9{,}218 applicable model--task runs, reporting accuracy and token consumption alongside reference costs for API models. Results show workload-dependent rankings, distinct accuracy--cost trade-offs between text and multimodal tasks, and competitive but weaker overall performance from local models. These findings support deployment decisions based on workload profiles, deployment mode, and accuracy--cost trade-offs rather than a single aggregate score.

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