Evaluating Social Reasoning in Embodied Vision-Language Models
Organizations: The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY, USA · Hunter College and The Graduate Center, City University of New York (CUNY), New York, NY, USA
Abstract
Foundation models now serve as reasoning layers for robot teams, but it remains unclear whether embodiment-specialized vision-language models (VLMs) preserve the social-reasoning capabilities of general-purpose VLMs. We evaluate Gemini Robotics-ER on SHREC, a benchmark of real human-robot social interactions, and compare it with published general-purpose VLM baselines. Robotics-ER outperforms GPT-4o-mini on error/competence detection but performs worse on detailed social-attribute judgments; adding a visual frame helps one task while hurting the other. These results suggest embodiment-specialized models may perform differently on social judgments that can be read more directly from observable interaction cues versus those requiring more inference about a person's internal state. Because the comparison spans model families, these differences cannot be attributed to embodiment specialization alone. This matters for multi-robot systems, where a shared foundation model could cause systematic social-perception errors to influence multiple coordination decisions. This work presents an initial evaluation, with broader cross-context and video-based analyses left for future work.
Figures & tables
| Model | Condition | Detection | Attribute ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| GPT-4o-mini | T | ||
| GPT-4o-mini | T+V | ||
| Gemini Robotics-ER | T | ||
| Gemini Robotics-ER | T+F |
| Example | Gold (majority) | T | T+F | T+V |
| P50. | Comp. (3 err, 18 comp) | Comp. | Comp. | Comp. |
| P54 | Comp. (3 err, 14 comp) | Error | Error | Error |
| P57 | Tie (3 err, 3 comp) | None | None | Comp. |
| P60 | Comp. (0 err, 1 comp) | Comp. | Comp. | Error |
| P80 | Tie (17 err, 17 comp) | Error | Comp. | Comp.(R) |
VLMs for Robotics
Vision-language models for robotics connect visual and linguistic understanding to grounded navigation, manipulation, and robot control.
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