Abductive Reasoning

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5 papers in the last four weeks, up 67% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

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Abductive Reasoning with Probabilistic Commonsense
May 8, 2026Joseph Cotnareanu, Chiara Roverato, Han Zhou +3Abductive Reasoning Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning
McGill University · International Laboratory on Learning Systems · Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute +1
Concept-Based Abductive and Contrastive Explanations for Behaviors of Vision Models
May 7, 2026Ronaldo Canizales, Divya Gopinath, Corina Păsăreanu +1Abductive Reasoning Concept-Based Explanations
Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO, USA · KBR Inc., NASA Ames, Moffett Field CA, USA · Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA, USA
ABox Abduction for Inconsistent Knowledge Bases under Repair Semantics
May 2, 2026Anselm Haak, Patrick Koopmann, Yasir Mahmood +1Logical Reasoning Abductive Reasoning
Knowledge Representation Group, Paderborn University, Germany · Knowledge in Artificial Intelligence, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands · Data Science Group, Paderborn University, Germany
Self-Awareness before Action: Mitigating Logical Inertia via Proactive Cognitive Awareness
Apr 22, 2026Fulong Fan, Peilin Liu, Fengzhe Liu +2Abductive Reasoning Structured Reasoning
School of Software, Jilin University · School of Computer Science, Jilin University
Structured Abductive-Deductive-Inductive Reasoning for LLMs via Algebraic Invariants
Apr 17, 2026Sankalp Gilda, Shlok GildaLogical Reasoning Abductive Reasoning
DeepThought Solutions · Department of Computer Science · University of Florida
Wiring the 'Why': A Unified Taxonomy and Survey of Abductive Reasoning in LLMs
Apr 9, 2026Moein Salimi, Shaygan Adim, Danial Parnian +3Abductive Reasoning
Department of Computer Engineering, Sharif University of Technology · Department of Mathematical Sciences, Sharif University of Technology
SemEval-2026 Task 12: Abductive Event Reasoning: Towards Real-World Event Causal Inference for Large Language Models
Mar 23, 2026Pengfei Cao, Mingxuan Yang, Yubo Chen +4Abductive Reasoning Causal Reasoning in Language Models
The Key Laboratory of Cognition and Decision Intelligence for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Graph of States: Solving Abductive Tasks with Large Language Models
Mar 22, 2026Yu Luo, Rongchen Gao, Lu Teng +9Abductive Reasoning LLM Reasoning with Graphs
Nankai University · Wenzhou Medical University · Alibaba Cloud +2
Procedural Refinement by LLM-driven Algorithmic Debugging for ARC-AGI-2
Mar 20, 2026Yu-Ning Qiu, Lin-Feng Zou, Jiong-Da Wang +2ARC-AGI Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning
Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
Concisely Explaining the Doubt: Minimum-Size Abductive Explanations for Linear Models with a Reject Option
Mar 14, 2026Gleilson Pedro Fernandes, Thiago Alves RochaAbductive Reasoning Interpretable ML
Instituto Federal do Ceará (IFCE), Brazil
Formal Abductive Explanations for Navigating Mental Health Help-Seeking and Diversity in Tech Workplaces
Mar 14, 2026Belona Sonna, Alain Momo, Alban GrastienExplainable Artificial Intelligence Mental Health
Australian National University · Australian Reinforcing Company
FAME: Formal Abstract Minimal Explanation for Neural Networks
Mar 11, 2026Ryma Boumazouza, Raya Elsaleh, Melanie Ducoffe +2Neural Network Interpretability Abductive Reasoning
Airbus SAS, France · IRT Saint-Exupery, France · The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
Abductive Reasoning with Syllogistic Forms in Large Language Models
Mar 6, 2026Hirohiko Abe, Risako Ando, Takanobu Morishita Kentaro Ozeki +2Abductive Reasoning Logical Reasoning
Keio University, Tokyo, Japan · The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
AILS-NTUA at SemEval-2026 Task 12: Graph-Based Retrieval and Reflective Prompting for Abductive Event Reasoning
Mar 4, 2026Nikolas Karafyllis, Maria Lymperaiou, Giorgos Filandrianos +2Abductive Reasoning Causal Reasoning in Language Models
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, AILS Laboratory, National Technical University of Athens
NeuroSymb-MRG: Differentiable Abductive Reasoning with Active Uncertainty Minimization for Radiology Report Generation
Mar 2, 2026Rong Fu, Yiqing Lyu, Chunlei Meng +9Radiology Report Generation Clinical Reasoning
University of Macau · Tsinghua University · Fudan University +6
ABD: Default Exception Abduction in Finite First Order Worlds
Feb 21, 2026Serafim BatzoglouAbductive Reasoning Logical Reasoning
IFAR: Multi-Perspective and Multi-Level Causal Discovery with LLMs
Sep 9, 2024Jinwei He, Feng LuAbductive Reasoning Causal Structure Learning
Beihang University, Beijing, China

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Abductive Reasoning with Probabilistic Commonsense

Joseph Cotnareanu, Chiara Roverato, Han Zhou, Didier Chetelat+2

McGill University · International Laboratory on Learning Systems · Mila - Quebec Artificial Intelligence Institute+1

Abductive Reasoning Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning LLM Reasoning

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Recent efforts to improve the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have focused on integrating formal logic solvers within neurosymbolic frameworks. A key challenge is that formal solvers lack commonsense world knowledge, preventing them from making reasoning steps that humans find obvious. Prior methods address this by using LLMs to supply missing commonsense assumptions, but these approaches implicitly assume universal agreement on such commonsense facts. In reality, commonsense beliefs vary across individuals. We propose a probabilistic framework for abductive commonsense reasoning that explicitly models this variation, aiming to determine whether most people would judge a statement as true or false. We introduce Probabilistic Abductive CommonSense (PACS), a novel algorithm that uses an LLM and a formal solver to sample proofs as observations of individuals' distinct commonsense beliefs, and aggregates conclusions across these samples. Empirically, PACS outperforms chain-of-thought reasoning, prior neurosymbolic methods, and search-based approaches across multiple benchmarks.