Abductive Reasoning

Latest papers 47

5 papers in the last four weeks, up 67% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

ULTRADISCOVERY: Abductive Exploration in an Interconnected, Epistemically Open Universe
Oct 2, 2026Weihan Li, Tianshi Zheng, Yangqiu Song +2Autonomous Scientific Discovery Abductive Reasoning
Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, HKUST, Hong Kong SAR, China · NVIDIA AI Technology Center (NVAITC), NVIDIA, Santa Clara, USA
Candidate Retention for Abductive Learning
Sep 30, 2026Hao-Yuan He, Yu Liu, Ming LiAbductive Reasoning Pseudo-Labeling
School of Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University · National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University
Abductive World Modeling via Causal Representation Learning
Sep 29, 2026Ziqi Liu, Songhan Yang, Linfan Zhou +4Causal Representation Learning Abductive Reasoning
BAIZ Team
Before the Arrest: Benchmarking LLMs on Criminal Profiling from Incomplete Evidence
Sep 17, 2026Yutong Yao, Yanjie Cao, Guanhua Chen +5Abductive Reasoning Legal Judgment Prediction
NLP2CT Lab, Faculty of Information Science and Computing, University of Macau · Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau
What Do Current Systematic Generalization Tasks Miss? A Reasoning-Centered Analysis
Sep 16, 2026Chengwen Qi, Deheng Ye, Yatao BianLogical Reasoning Abductive Reasoning
National University of Singapore · Nanyang Technological University
Solving Hard XAI Queries Based on a Compiled Dual-Rail Encoding
Sep 4, 2026Arthur Ledaguenel, Florent Capelli, Jean-Marie LagniezExplainable Artificial Intelligence Abductive Reasoning
CRIL, Université d’Artoi · LISIC, ULCO
DODR: Deterministic Operator-Driven Reasoning in Latent Space
Sep 4, 2026Weicai HuangLogical Reasoning Abductive Reasoning
Beijing MQPat Technologies, Co., Ltd.
Beyond $L_2$ : Generalizing Abductive Latent Explanations to Diverse Prototype-Based Architectures
Aug 17, 2026Jules Soria, Alban Grastien, Romain Xu-Darme +3Explainable Artificial Intelligence Neural Network Interpretability
Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, List, F-91120, Palaiseau, France
Evidence of Absence: Cross-Modal Abductive Risk Perception to Sustain World Models When Vision Fails
Aug 15, 2026Cong Xu, Ravi SankarAutonomous Driving Perception World Models for Autonomous Driving
iCONS Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA
CEDAR-GRPO: Process-Aware Reinforcement Learning for General Abductive Reasoning in LLMs
Aug 14, 2026Moein Salimi, Danial Parnian, Shaygan Adim +6Abductive Reasoning RL for Language Model Reasoning
Sharif University of Technology · University of Tehran
LLMs Don't Pay for the Jump
Aug 14, 2026Paras Balani, Subhrakanta PandaAbductive Reasoning Scientific Reasoning in Language Models
Department of Mathematics and Department of Computer Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal District, Telangana 500078, India · Department of Computer Science, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Kapra Mandal, Medchal District, Telangana 500078, India
A Minimal $κ$ -- $τ$ Logic for Risk-Sensitive Abduction
Aug 8, 2026Remo PareschiAbductive Reasoning Causal Reasoning
STAKE Lab, University of Molise 86100 Campobasso, Italy
MoCA: Implicit Social Context Analysis
Aug 6, 2026Wenhao Xu, Kaiwen Zhang, Hao Li +10Abductive Reasoning Multimodal Large Language Models
National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. · Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. · University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Adversarially Robust Abductive Fusion of Pre-trained Transformer-based Perception Models
Aug 4, 2026Mario Leiva, Yue Ma, Qinru Qiu +2Distribution Shift Abductive Reasoning
1DCIC, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) & ICIC (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina · 2Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY USA
Abduction Without a Body? Representational Grounding and the Abduction Loop for Scientific Hypothesis Generation
Aug 3, 2026Michael FarmerAbductive Reasoning Scientific Hypothesis Generation
August 2026 (v1.18)
PIE-APT: Abductive Planning over Temporal Dynamic Knowledge Graphs via Incremental Reasoning
Jul 29, 2026Amir Hossein Sharafi, Alireza ShahbaziLogical Reasoning Abductive Reasoning
Najm · Department of Mathematics, Tafresh University
Representative Sets in Propositional Abduction
Jul 23, 2026Johannes Schmidt, Mohamed Maizia, Victor Lagerkvist +1Abductive Reasoning Nonmonotonic Reasoning
Jönköping University · Jönköping University, Linköping University · Linköping University
NeurOWL: An LLM-Based Neural-symbolic Framework for Incomplete OWL Ontology Reasoning
Jul 17, 2026Hui Yang, Jiaoyan Chen, Yiping Song +2Logical Reasoning Abductive Reasoning
The University of Manchester · Zhejiang University
Analytic Abduction: Causal Decomposition and Governed Commitment for Human--AI Coordination
Jul 16, 2026Remo PareschiAbductive Reasoning Causal Attribution
Stake Lab, University of Molise, Italy
Abductive Corroboration of Probabilistic AI Models for Forensic Synthetic Media Detection
Jul 3, 2026Junade AliAI-Assisted Decision Making Abductive Reasoning
The Alan Turing Institute Defence and National Security Programme London, United Kingdom
AGM-like Paraconsistent Partial Meet Abductive Expansion Operation
Jun 30, 2026Ulisses Franceschi ElianoBelief Revision Logical Reasoning
Institute of Philosophy and the Humanities (IFCH) and Centre for Logic, Epistemology and The History of Science (CLE), University of Campinas (UNICAMP)
Neurosymbolic Clinical Trial Matching via LLM-Driven Abduction and Logical Verification
Jun 18, 2026Baiyang Qu, Leonardo Ranaldi, Xi Wang +1Abductive Reasoning Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning
Department of Computer Science, University of Leicester, UK · School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, UK · School of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, UK
The More the Merrier: Combining Properties for ABox Abduction under Repair Semantics in ELbot
Jun 17, 2026Anselm Haak, Patrick Koopmann, Yasir Mahmood +1Abductive Reasoning
Knowledge Representation Group, Paderborn University, Germany · Knowledge in Artificial Intelligence, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands · Data Science Group, Paderborn
DeFAb: A Verifiable Benchmark for Defeasible Abduction in Foundation Models
Jun 17, 2026Patrick Cooper, Alvaro VelasquezLLM Evaluation Abductive Reasoning
University of Colorado Boulder
Beyond Explaining Predictions: Logic-Based Explanations for Confidence in Machine Learning Models
Jun 9, 2026Vinícius Peixoto Chagas, Carlos Henrique Leitão Cavalcante, Thiago Alves RochaExplainable Artificial Intelligence Abductive Reasoning
Abduction Prover in Isabelle/HOL
Jun 3, 2026Yutaka Nagashima, Daniel Sebastian GocAutomated Theorem Proving Abductive Reasoning
Institute of Computer Science, the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czechia
HypoAgent: An Agentic Framework for Interactive Abductive Hypothesis Generation over Knowledge Graphs
May 29, 2026Yisen Gao, Yixi Cai, Tianshi Zheng +2Abductive Reasoning Knowledge Graphs
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · Beihang University · 3Hong Kong Baptist University
Reasoning Depth and Environment Complexity: A Controlled Study of RLVR Data Allocation across Logical Reasoning Tasks
May 26, 2026Yihua Zhu, Qianying Liu, Fei Cheng +4Logical Reasoning Abductive Reasoning
Kyoto University · NII LLMC · University of Tokyo +1
CommonWhy: A Dataset for Evaluating Entity-Based Causal Commonsense Reasoning in Large Language Models
May 13, 2026Armin Toroghi, Faeze Moradi Kalarde, Scott SannerAbductive Reasoning Causal Reasoning in Language Models
University of Toronto · Toronto, ON, Canada
ANCHOR: Abductive Network Construction with Hierarchical Orchestration for Reliable Probability Inference in Large Language Models
May 11, 2026Wentao Qiu, Guanran Luo, Zhongquan Jian +3Abductive Reasoning Bayesian Networks
School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China · School of Computer and Data Science, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China · School of Film, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China +2

Oct 2, 2026J/K move · Enter open · S save

ULTRADISCOVERY: Abductive Exploration in an Interconnected, Epistemically Open Universe

Weihan Li, Tianshi Zheng, Yangqiu Song, Ginny Y. Wong+1

Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, HKUST, Hong Kong SAR, China · NVIDIA AI Technology Center (NVAITC), NVIDIA, Santa Clara, USA

Autonomous Scientific Discovery Abductive Reasoning Cross-Domain Generalization

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Scientific discovery often begins when scattered clues call for a new way of describing the world. Such abductive exploration can require constructing the representation in which an explanation is stated, when the world is epistemically open, and composing evidence scattered across contexts, when it is structurally interconnected. Existing benchmarks rarely separate these two demands or control them independently. We introduce ULTRADISCOVERY, an interactive world of five domains in which an agent revises an initially successful theory and predicts the outcome of an unseen cross-domain intervention. A

2 \times 2

design leaves the representation open or discloses it, and leaves the evidence distributed or aligns it, with the latent dynamics fixed. With the representation open, agents across eleven models often retract the axiom they were taught, and none introduces the unobserved entity or rewrites the variables that a replacement requires. Disclosure triples intervention requests and adds about one of the eighteen findings the world affords, and alignment adds less. Two vendor-harness systems carry discovery into more domains, and one of them rewrites the variables in Open episodes. No system makes the exact prediction within 200 paid actions. At larger budgets one exact prediction appears with both aids, while every Open episode remains inexact. The results locate the difficulty in the step from accumulating evidence to composing it into a representation that transfers.