AI Agent Monitoring

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Overview

AI agent monitoring studies how to observe and assess agents while they use tools, pursue long-running tasks, and interact with other agents, so problems can be detected before they cause harm or waste. Common approaches include trajectory classifiers and LLM judges, early-warning models over trace prefixes, formal runtime checks and action gates, and telemetry or provenance systems that record what happened and why. Some work also uses internal activations, human-facing dashboards, and recovery or intervention mechanisms to complement external observation. A central challenge is making monitors timely and reliable across long contexts and adaptive attacks without excessive false alarms, cost, or loss of useful autonomy.

Latest papers

CardsList

285 papers51 papers in the last four weeks, up 55% on the four weeks before. 0.3% of all new papers.

  1. Causal-Temporal Event Graphs: A Formal Model for Recursive Agent Execution Traces

    Apr 19, 2026Simon FoldvikAI Agent Monitoring

    Independent researcher

  2. From Admission to Invariants: Measuring Deviation in Delegated Agent Systems

    Apr 19, 2026Marcelo FernandezAI Agent MonitoringAI Agent Governance

    TraslaIA

  3. Agentic Explainability at Scale: Between Corporate Fears and XAI Needs

    Apr 16, 2026Yomna Elsayed, Cecily JonesExplainable Artificial IntelligenceAI Agent Monitoring

    Credo AI

  4. LinuxArena: A Control Setting for AI Agents in Live Production Software Environments

    Apr 16, 2026Tyler Tracy, Ram Potham, Nick Kuhn +31Software Engineering AgentsAI Agent Security

    Redwood Research · EquiStamp

  5. HadAgent: Harness-Aware Decentralized Agentic AI Serving with Proof-of-Inference Blockchain Consensus

    Apr 15, 2026Landy Jimenez, Mariah Weatherspoon, Bingyu Shen +3LLM Agent HarnessesAI Agent Security

    Department of Computer Science and Technology, Kean University, Union, New Jersey, U.S. · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, U.S. · Bellini College of Artificial Intelligence, Cybersecurity and Computing, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, U.S. +1

  6. The cognitive companion: a lightweight parallel monitoring architecture for detecting and recovering from reasoning degradation in LLM agents

    Apr 15, 2026Rafflesia Khan, Nafiul Islam KhanAI Agent MonitoringLLM Agent Reliability

    Software Developer, IBM Dublin, Ireland · Diploma of Computer Science and Engineering Citi Polytechnic Institute Khulna, Bangladesh

  7. Honeypot Protocol

    Apr 14, 2026Najmul HasanAI Agent MonitoringAI Safety Evaluation

    University of North Carolina at Pembroke · With Apart Research

  8. Hodoscope: Unsupervised Monitoring for AI Misbehaviors

    Apr 13, 2026Ziqian Zhong, Shashwat Saxena, Aditi RaghunathanAI Agent MonitoringAI Agent Security

    Carnegie Mellon University

  9. Scheming in the wild: detecting real-world AI scheming incidents with open-source intelligence

    Apr 10, 2026Tommy Shaffer Shane, Simon Mylius, Hamish HobbsAI Agent MonitoringDeception in Language Models

    Centre for Long-Term Resilience, London, UK

  10. LogAct: Enabling Agentic Reliability via Shared Logs

    Apr 9, 2026Mahesh Balakrishnan, Ashwin Bharambe, Davide Testuggine +7LLM Agent ReliabilityAI Agent Monitoring

    Meta

  11. Harnessing Embodied Agents: Runtime Governance for Policy-Constrained Execution

    Apr 9, 2026Xue Qin, Simin Luan, John See +3Runtime Enforcement for AI AgentsAI Agent Governance

    School of Software, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China. · School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China. · School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Malaysia Campus, Putrajaya, Malaysia. +2

  12. Deep Researcher Agent: An Autonomous Framework for 24/7 Deep Learning Experimentation with Zero-Cost Monitoring

    Apr 7, 2026Xiangyue ZhangAutonomous Research AgentsAutonomous Experimentation

    The University of Tokyo

  13. Governance-Aware Agent Telemetry for Closed-Loop Enforcement in Multi-Agent AI Systems

    Apr 6, 2026Anshul Pathak, Nishant JainAI Agent GovernanceRuntime Enforcement for AI Agents

  14. Agents for Agents: An Interrogator-Based Secure Framework for Autonomous Internet of Underwater Things

    Apr 5, 2026Ali Akarma, Toqeer Ali Syed, Abdul Khadar Jilani +4Multi-Agent System SecurityInternet of Things

    AI Center, Faculty of Computer and Information Systems, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia · College of Computer Studies, University of Technology Bahrain, Sitra 18041, Bahrain · Faculty of Computer Studies, Arab Open University-Bahrain, Manama 32038, Bahrain +3

  15. TraceGuard: Structured Multi-Dimensional Monitoring as a Collusion-Resistant Control Protocol

    Apr 5, 2026Khanh Linh Nguyen, Hoa Nghiem, Tu TranAI Agent MonitoringAI Control

    Independent Researchers With Apart Research

  16. Signals: Trajectory Sampling and Triage for Agentic Interactions

    Apr 1, 2026Shuguang Chen, Adil Hafeez, Salman ParachaAgent Trajectory AnalysisAI Agent Monitoring

    DigitalOcean Holdings, Inc.

  17. "What Did It Actually Do?": Understanding Risk Awareness and Traceability for Computer-Use Agents

    Mar 30, 2026Zifan Peng, Mingchen LiComputer-Use Agent SafetyComputer-Use Agents

    The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), China · University of North Texas, The United States

  18. SafetyDrift: Predicting When AI Agents Cross the Line Before They Actually Do

    Mar 28, 2026Aditya Dhodapkar, Farhaan PishoriAI Agent SafetyLLM Agent Safety

    Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Department of Computer Science · Santa Clara University Department of Engineering

  19. ClawKeeper: Comprehensive Safety Protection for OpenClaw Agents Through Skills, Plugins, and Watchers

    Mar 25, 2026Songyang Liu, Chaozhuo Li, Chenxu Wang +8AI Agent SecurityLLM Agent Security

    Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications · Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence · China Academy of Information and Communications Technology

  20. AgentWall: A Runtime Safety Layer for Local AI Agents

    Mar 24, 2026Ashwin AravindAI Agent SafetyRuntime Enforcement for AI Agents

  21. Agent-Sentry: Bounding LLM Agents via Execution Provenance

    Mar 24, 2026Rohan Sequeira, Stavros Damianakis, Umar Iqbal +1Computer-Use Agent SafetyAI Agent Security

    University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA · Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA

  22. Reasoning Provenance for Autonomous AI Agents: Structured Behavioral Analytics Beyond State Checkpoints and Execution Traces

    Mar 23, 2026Neelmani Vispute, Aditya KadamData ProvenanceAI Agent Monitoring

    Oracle Cloud Infrastructure

  23. Is Monitoring Enough? Strategic Agent Selection For Stealthy Attack in Multi-Agent Discussions

    Mar 22, 2026Qiuchi Xiang, Haoxuan Qu, Hossein Rahmani +1Multi-Agent System SecurityMulti-Agent Communication

    Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom

  24. Session Risk Memory (SRM): Temporal Authorization for Deterministic Pre-Execution Safety Gates

    Mar 22, 2026Florin Adrian ChitanAI Agent SafetyRuntime Enforcement for AI Agents

    Independent Researcher, ILION Project

  25. Detection of adversarial intent in Human-AI teams using LLMs

    Mar 21, 2026Abed K. Musaffar, Ambuj Singh, Francesco BulloAI Agent SecurityAI Agent Monitoring

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara · Department of Computer Science, University of California at Santa Barbara

  26. TrinityGuard: A Unified Framework for Safeguarding Multi-Agent Systems

    Mar 16, 2026Kai Wang, Biaojie Zeng, Zeming Wei +7LLM Agent SafetyMulti-Agent System Security

    Shanghai AI Laboratory

  27. DeceptGuard :A Constitutional Oversight Framework For Detecting Deception in LLM Agents

    Mar 14, 2026Snehasis MukhopadhyayDeception in Language ModelsAI Agent Monitoring

    Indian Institute of Information Technology Kalyani

  28. Noticing the Watcher: LLM Agents Can Infer CoT Monitoring from Blocking Feedback

    Mar 14, 2026Thomas Jiralerspong, Flemming Kondrup, Yoshua BengioCoT MonitoringAI Agent Monitoring

    Mila · Université de Montréal · McGill University +1

  29. Agentic Control Center for Data Product Optimization

    Mar 10, 2026Priyadarshini Tamilselvan, Gregory Bramble, Sola Shirai +3Data Analysis AgentsHuman-in-the-Loop AI

    Georgia Tech · IBM Research

  30. The Boiling Frog Threshold: Criticality and Blindness in World Model-Based Anomaly Detection Under Gradual Drift

    Mar 9, 2026Zhe HongAI Agent MonitoringAnomaly Detection

    National University of Singapore