Binary Neural Networks

Also known as BNN

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Overview

Binary neural networks represent weights, activations, or both with a single bit, aiming to cut memory use and replace costly multiplications with simpler operations. Training methods include straight-through estimators, smooth or stochastic relaxations, progressive binarization, and auxiliary full-precision paths to address the difficulty of optimizing discrete sign functions. Hardware work maps these models to FPGAs, resistive-memory crossbars, and other low-power devices, while applications include vision, event processing, continual learning, and compact language models. The main tension is retaining accuracy and expressive capacity as precision falls; work also examines how training stability, robustness, and generalization depend on architecture and task.

Latest papers

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29 papers3 papers in the last four weeks, against 1 the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

  1. Online gas classification at the edge

    Oct 27, 2026Ton Juny Pina, Hugh Greatorex, Elisabetta ChiccaClassificationBinary Neural Networks

    Bio-Inspired Circuits and Systems (BICS) Lab, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Netherlands. · Groningen Cognitive Systems and Materials Center (CogniGron), University of Groningen, Netherlands. · Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich.

  2. Proofs of strong forms of the Bovdi--Geche universality conjecture and a complex analogue

    Oct 26, 2026Victor Bovdi, Ambrus PalUniversal ApproximationNeural Network Approximation Theory

  3. Error Diffusion Replaces Latent Weights: Training Binary-Weight Language Models on a Few Bits of Dithered State

    Oct 25, 2026Pierre-Olivier BoninBinary Neural NetworksEfficient Language Model Training

    Independent Researcher

  4. Noise-shaped Sampling and Annealing for Scalable On-the-edge Training of Binary and Ternary AI Models

    Oct 15, 2026Zihao Chen, Zhili Xiao, Rui-Jie Zhu +3Binary Neural NetworksTernary Quantization

    Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, 63130, MO, USA. · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, 95064, CA, USA. · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, 63130, MO, USA.

  5. Bringing BNNs to Fast Event Processing

    Oct 7, 2026Paul Longour, Julien Moreau, Franck DavoineBinary Neural NetworksEvent-Based Vision

    Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Heudiasyc, Compiègne, France · CNRS, INSA Lyon, LIRIS, UMR5205, Villeurbanne, France

  6. Stability and Generalization of Straight-Through Estimators for Training Two-Layer Quantized Neural Networks

    Sep 6, 2026Yiming YingStraight-Through EstimatorNeural Network Generalization

    School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney

  7. Pruning Binarized Neural Networks: A Dedicated Framework and Globally Weighted Algorithms

    Aug 26, 2026Roan Rubiales, Jean Pierre DavidNeural Network CompressionNeural Network Pruning

    Polytechnique Montreal

  8. Binary Quantized Neural Network Training Is W[1]-Hard Parameterized by Input and Output Dimensions

    Aug 22, 2026Tao Jiang, Minbo Gao, Shaowei CaiBinary Neural NetworksParameterized Complexity

    Key Laboratory of System Software (Chinese Academy of Sciences) · State Key Laboratory of Computer Science · Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences +1

  9. Binarized High-Efficiency RAW Video Restoration and Beyond

    Aug 17, 2026Tianyu Zhu, Ying Fu, Hesong Li +3Video RestorationBinary Neural Networks

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China · Chinese Aeronautical Establishment, Beijing, China · Westlake University, Hangzhou, China +1

  10. Threshold-Based Early Stopping of Accumulations in Neural Networks with Binary Activation

    Aug 6, 2026Quentin Luquet de Saint-Germain, Massil Ait Abdeslam, Jean Pierre DavidEfficient Neural Network InferenceBinary Neural Networks

    Polytechnique Montréal, Department of Electrical Engineering Montréal, Canada

  11. BiKAN: Restoring Collapsed Basis of Binary Kolmogorov--Arnold Networks

    Aug 2, 2026Kazi Ahmed Asif Fuad, Lizhong ChenBinary Neural NetworksKolmogorov-Arnold Networks

    Department of EECS Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331

  12. DBNN: Neural Spike Classification Using a Deep Binarized Neural Network

    Jul 6, 2026Binyi Ren, Luca M. Meyer, Majid ZamaniEfficient Neural Network InferenceBrain-Computer Interfaces

    The School of Electronics and Computer Science (ECS), University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.

  13. Layerwise Progressive Freezing: A Training Scaffold for Depth-Scalable Binary Networks

    Jun 26, 2026Evan Gibson Smith, Bashima IslamStraight-Through EstimatorBinary Neural Networks

    Worcester Polytechnic Institute

  14. Learning 1-Bit LiDAR-based Localization with Auxiliary Objective

    Jun 26, 2026Kaijie Yin, Zhiyuan Zhang, Tian Gao +3Binary Neural NetworksLiDAR Localization

    University of Macau · Singapore Management University · Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo

  15. Some Complexity Results for Robustness Verification for Binarized Neural Networks

    Jun 17, 2026Harshit Goyal, Sudakshina DuttaNeural Network VerificationBinary Neural Networks

    Indian Institute of Technology Goa

  16. Active Continual Learning with Metaplastic Binary Bayesian Neural Networks

    May 28, 2026Kellian Cottart, Théo Ballet, Djohan Bonnet +1Bayesian Neural NetworksBinary Neural Networks

    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies, Palaiseau, France · Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany

  17. Deep Binarized Photonic Reservoir Computing for Ultrafast Multimedia Signal Processing

    May 28, 2026Muhammad Waqar Iqbal, Mohamad Alassir, Nicolas Marsal +1Binary Neural NetworksReservoir Computing

    Universit´e de Lorraine, CentraleSup´elec, LMOPS Laboratory, F-57070 Metz, France · Chaire Photonique, LMOPS Laboratory, CentraleSup´elec, F-57070 Metz, France

  18. A Composite Activation Function for Learning Stable Binary Representations

    May 12, 2026Seokhun Park, Choeun Kim, Kwanho Lee +3Concept Bottleneck ModelsBinary Neural Networks

    Department of Statistics, Seoul National University · Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Twente

  19. SURGE: Surrogate Gradient Adaptation in Binary Neural Networks

    May 9, 2026Haoyu Huang, Boyu Liu, Linlin Yang +6Binary Neural NetworksAdaptive Gradient Methods

    National College for Excellent Engineers, Beihang University, Beijing, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University, Beijing, China · State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication, Communication University of China, Beijing, China +3

  20. Information Plane Analysis of Binary Neural Networks

    May 5, 2026Maximilian Nothnagel, Bernhard C. GeigerNeural Network GeneralizationBinary Neural Networks

    Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria · Know Center Research GmbH, Graz, Austria · Signal Processing and Speech Communication Laboratory, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria +1

  21. Binary Spiking Neural Networks as Causal Models

    Apr 29, 2026Aditya Kar, Emiliano Lorini, Timothée MasquelierStructural Causal ModelsBinary Neural Networks

    CNRS, IRIT · Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition (CerCo), CNRS, France · Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), CNRS, France +2

  22. A Sugeno Integral View of Binarized Neural Network Inference

    Apr 20, 2026Ismaïl Baaj, Henri PradeBinary Neural NetworksNeural Network Interpretability

    LEMMA, Paris-Panthéon-Assas University · IRIT - Toulouse University

  23. BiSpikCLM: A Spiking Language Model integrating Softmax-Free Spiking Attention and Spike-Aware Alignment Distillation

    Apr 14, 2026Sihang Guo, Chenlin Zhou, Jiaqi Wang +3Spiking Language ModelsSpiking Neural Networks

    Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, China · School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, China · Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China

  24. Federated Learning of Binary Neural Networks: Enabling Low-Cost Inference

    Mar 16, 2026Nitin Priyadarshini Shankar, Soham Lahiri, Sheetal Kalyani +1Binary Neural NetworksFederated Learning

    Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University

  25. BiKA: Kolmogorov-Arnold-Network-inspired Ultra Lightweight Neural Network Hardware Accelerator

    Feb 26, 2026Yuhao Liu, Salim Ullah, Akash KumarNeural Network Hardware AccelerationEfficient Neural Network Inference

    Ruhr University Bochum, Germany · Dresden University of Technology, Germany · Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (ScaDS.AI Dresden/Leipzig), Germany

  26. Learning with Boolean threshold functions

    Feb 19, 2026Veit Elser, Manish Krishan LalBoolean Function LearningBinary Neural Networks

    Department of Physics, Cornell · Mathematics, Independent Researcher, India

  27. Quantization Effects of Artificial Neural Networks for Embedded Edge-Computing Applications

    Nov 7, 2025Alperen Aksoy, Ilja Bekman, Vesselin Dimitrov +6Neural Network QuantizationBinary Neural Networks

    Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI), Integrated Computing Architectures (ICA | PGI-4), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Germany · Center for Particle Physics Siegen, Department für Physik, Universität Siegen, Germany · Faculty of Engineering, JARA-FIT Institute for Quantum Information, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH and RWTH Aachen University, Germany +1

  28. Optimizing Binary and Ternary Neural Network Inference on RRAM Crossbars using CIM-Explorer

    May 20, 2025Rebecca Pelke, José Cubero-Cascante, Nils Bosbach +5Efficient Neural Network InferenceCompute-in-Memory

    RWTH Aachen University, Germany

  29. Stochastic Engrams for Efficient Continual Learning

    Mar 27, 2025Isabelle Aguilar, Luis Fernando Herbozo Contreras, Omid KaveheiClass-Incremental LearningBinary Neural Networks

    School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia