Chest X-Ray Classification

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  1. Representation Disentanglement for Fair Chest X-Ray Diagnosis

    Oct 5, 2026Yujie Sun, Ruizhe Li, Xiaowu SunChest X-Ray ClassificationRepresentation Disentanglement

    Academy of Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, China · Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, UK

  2. Evaluation Choices Shape Biomedical ML Claims: A Pediatric Pneumonia Benchmark Case Study

    Sep 29, 2026Bhanu Prakash Vangala, Sowmya Guda, Latha Peddi +1Data LeakageChest X-Ray Classification

    University of Missouri · Government Degree College · Amar Bio Tech Pvt Ltd

  3. Anatomy-Structured Hierarchical MIL for Weakly-Supervised Thoracic Disease Detection in Chest X-rays

    Sep 27, 2026Jeongin Kim, Sohyun Ahn, Seo Young Kang +6Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Analysis

    Division of Artificial Intelligence & Software, Ewha Womans University · Ewha Medical Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Ewha Womans University · Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ewha Womans University +2

  4. Med-AR: Autoregressive Vision-Language Pretraining for Long-Tailed Chest X-Ray Classification and Uncertainty-Aware Evaluation

    Sep 24, 2026Janhavi Prabhu, Sahil, Akshay V +3Long-Tailed ClassificationChest X-Ray Classification

    Qure.ai, Bangalore, India

  5. Exponential Pixelating Integral transform with dual fractal features for enhanced chest X-ray abnormality detection

    Sep 11, 2026Naveenraj Kamalakannan, Sri Ram Macharla, M Kanimozhi +1Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Diagnosis

    a – The Construct, Barcelona, Spain · b – Involgixs Inc, USA · c - School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamilnadu, India

  6. A radiographic world model for clinical reasoning and evidence generation

    Sep 7, 2026Suyang Xi, Songtao Hu, Shansong Wang +8Chest X-Ray ClassificationRadiology VLMs

    Department of Computer Science and Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. · Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. · Department of Radiation Oncology and Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. +2

  7. NeoRed: A Knowledge-Logic-Alignment Multimodal Large Language Model for Neonatal Respiratory Disease Diagnosis

    Sep 3, 2026Yinan Liu, Hongtai Xia, Haoran Xu +3Radiology Report GenerationChest X-Ray Classification

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Tongji University Shanghai, China

  8. AlphaRAD: Grounded Zero-Shot Classification in Chest Radiology via αα-Corrected Binary Cross Entropy and Factorized Latent Supervision

    Sep 1, 2026Jianzhong You, Yuan Gao, Chris McIntoshChest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Classification

    Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, Canada · Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Canada · Vector Institute, Toronto, Canada +5

  9. Beyond Accuracy: Quantifying Pulmonary Attribution in Anatomy-Guided Chest X-Ray Classification Under Domain Shift

    Aug 31, 2026Abdullah Al Mamun, Md. Nasif Osman Khansur, Md Ashraful Hossen Akash +2Chest X-Ray Classification

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET), Kazla, Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh · Elite Research Lab LLC, New York, USA · Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysia +1

  10. Subgroup performance analysis of adaptation strategies for chest X-ray foundation models

    Aug 19, 2026Dhruv Gupta, Emma A. M. Stanley, Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro +2Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    Department of Computing, Imperial College London, UK · Causality in Healthcare AI Hub, UK · Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, UK +1

  11. Look What the Probes Dragged In! Real-World Chest X-ray Shortcuts in MedCLIP

    Aug 12, 2026Nikolette Pedersen, Regitze Sydendal, Veronika Cheplygina +1Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical VLMs

    Pattern Recognition Revisited Lab (PURRlab) IT University of Copenhagen, Denmark

  12. When Repository Labels Are Not Image-Level Truth: A Supervision Auditing Framework for Chest Radiograph AI

    Aug 10, 2026Yesika Alexandra Agudelo-Londoño, Jhon Wilmer Pino-Román, Brahian Carrera Rodríguez +9Chest X-Ray ClassificationLearning with Noisy Labels

    Medical Imaging and AI in Healthcare Research Group, Biosciences Center, SURA, Medellín, Colombia · Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia · IBM Research, San Jose, CA, USA +1

  13. C2^2A: Coupling Spatial Evidence with Clinical Priors via Co-occurrence Aware Class Attention for Multi-Label Chest X-Ray Classification

    Aug 10, 2026Akash Gogineni, Nagur Shareef Shaik, Aasrith Mandava +2Chest X-Ray ClassificationMulti-Label Classification

    Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30324, USA · UST Global Inc., Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA

  14. CARE-X: Towards Clinically Useful Radiology VLMs with Auxiliary Supervision, Reward-Aligned Learning, and Tool-Augmented Measurement

    Aug 4, 2026Mercy Prasanna Ranjit, Anirban Porya, Sathvik Joel +8Radiology Report GenerationChest X-Ray Classification

    Microsoft Research India · Medha AI, Narayana Health, India. · RTIICS, Narayana Health, India

  15. Clinically-Grounded Hierarchical Classification for Consistent Chest X-ray Interpretation

    Aug 4, 2026Jong Hak Moon, Minjun Kim, Minjun KimHierarchical ClassificationChest X-Ray Classification

    Yeji X, Seoul, South Korea

  16. HarMoE: Multi-Source Chest Radiograph Pretraining with Dataset-Disentangled Experts

    Aug 3, 2026Haozhe Luo, Ziyu Zhou, Shelley Zixin Shu +1Multi-Source Domain AdaptationChest X-Ray Classification

    ARTORG Center for Biomedical Engineering Research, University of Bern · Kaiko.AI, Zurich, Switzerland · Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

  17. SecondOpinion: Anatomy-Aware Gated Reasoning for Efficient Medical Image Analysis

    Aug 3, 2026Siam Tahsin Bhuiyan, Rashedur Rahman, Sefatul Wasi +4Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Analysis

    Center for Computational & Data Sciences, Independent University, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Independent University, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh · Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, Kobe, Japan

  18. Auditing Medical Vision-Language Models on Chest Radiographs: Estimating Reference Agreement Across Institutions

    Aug 1, 2026Pengyang Yu, Yiou Wang, Zhongping Dong +3Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical VLMs

    School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland · Department of Medical Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China · Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland

  19. RadPRISM: Schema-stratified radiology-report supervision for concept-disentangled image representations and visual grounding

    Jul 31, 2026Fabian Drexel, Marlene Fritzsche, Era Stambollxhiu +15Chest X-Ray ClassificationDisentangled Representation Learning

    Chair for AI in Healthcare and Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) and TUM University Hospital, Munich, Germany · Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Munich, Germany · Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany +5

  20. Toward Multi-Modal Deep Learning for Pulmonary Disease Classification: A Texture-Based Machine Learning Pilot Study on Public Chest X-Ray Data

    Jul 29, 2026Yogisri Pujitha ChinthotiChest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Classification

    Independent Researcher, Bengaluru, India

  21. Classification of Disease from Lungs X-ray Images using VGG16, VGG19 and ResNet50 Models

    Jul 29, 2026Nand Lal Yadav, Rajesh Kumar, Satyendra Singh +1Chest X-Ray ClassificationConvolutional Neural Networks

    Department of Electronics and Communication, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.

  22. Rethinking Clinical Relevance in Chest X-ray Machine Learning: How Evaluation References Define Performance

    Jul 28, 2026Panagiotis Fytas, Ian Selby, Clemens Karner +14Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical VLMs

    Language Technology Lab (LTL), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom · Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom · Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Austria +3

  23. One Round Is All You Need: Analytic Federated Learning for Task-Heterogeneous Multi-Label Medical Image Classification

    Jul 22, 2026Afsaneh Mahanipour, Hana KhamfroushChest X-Ray ClassificationFederated Learning Aggregation

    Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington, KY, USA

  24. Prospective clinical indication, post-hoc report leakage, and fusion design in multi-image chest radiograph classification: a patient-clustered evaluation

    Jul 15, 2026Kamran Shahid, Muhammad Munwar IqbalData LeakageChest X-Ray Classification

    Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan

  25. From Classification to Localization and Clinical Validation: Large-Scale Development of a Deep Learning System for Thoracic Disease Detection on Chest Radiographs in Thailand

    Jul 10, 2026Isarun Chamveha, Tretap Promwiset, Napat Wanchaitanawong +3Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Localization

    Perceptra Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand · Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand · Institute of Field Robotics, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand

  26. Reconfigurable Radiology Labels Without Relabeling

    Jul 6, 2026Jean-Benoit Delbrouck, Dave Van Veen, Akash Pattnaik +4Chest X-Ray ClassificationMulti-Label Classification

    HOPPR

  27. Taxlifier: Leveraging Disease Taxonomy for Enhanced Multi-Label Classification in Chest Radiography

    Jul 6, 2026Mohammad S. Majdi, Jeffrey J. RodriguezHierarchical ClassificationChest X-Ray Classification

    aDept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721, AZ, USA

  28. PulmoSight-XAI: An Explainable Multi-View Attention Ensemble with Gradient Boosting Meta-Learning for Multi-Label Chest X-Ray Classification

    Jul 5, 2026Moshiur Rahman, Shafqat Alam, Tasnia Binte MamunClass-Imbalanced LearningChest X-Ray Classification

    Department of Biomedical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh

  29. Who Gets Missed in the Tail? Thresholded Subgroup Underdiagnosis in Long-Tailed Chest X-ray Classification

    Jul 4, 2026Ha-Hieu Pham, Hai-Dang Nguyen, Dang P. M. Cao +5Long-Tailed ClassificationChest X-Ray Classification

    University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · VinUni-Illinois Smart Health Center, VinUniversity, Hanoi, Vietnam +3

  30. Leveraging Pathology Co-occurrence for Test-Time Adaptation in Chest X-Ray Diagnosis

    Jul 4, 2026Woojin Jeong, Yujin Choi, Dongbin Kim +2Chest X-Ray ClassificationTest-Time Adaptation

    Seoul National University, 1, Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea · Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore · UNIST, 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea

  31. TRCGL-Net: A Long-Tailed Multi-Label Chest X-Ray Classification Framework with Generative Data Augmentation and Label Co-Occurrence Modeling

    Jul 1, 2026Tong Shao, Hongshun Ling, Li Zhang +4Long-Tailed ClassificationChest X-Ray Classification

    School of Biomedical Engineering, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China

  32. Accurate Recognition of Pneumonia and COVID-19 by Geometric Shape Normalization of Lung Region using Automatic Landmark Detection and Piecewise Affine Warping

    Jun 29, 2026Salvador E. Ayala-Raggi, Rafael Alejandro Cruz-Ovando, Lauro Reyes-Cocoletzi +1Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Imaging

    Facultad de Ciencias de la Electrónica Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla, México

  33. NoduLoCC2026: Lung Nodule Localization and Classification Contest from Chest X-Ray Images

    Jun 19, 2026Adnan Mustafic, Halim Benhabiles, Adnane Cabani +19Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Universit´e de Haute-Alsace, IRIMAS, 68100 Mulhouse, France

  34. Translating Inference-Time Control to Radiology Vision-Language Models: Activation Steering for Pneumonia Classification on Chest X-rays

    Jun 18, 2026Eduardo Moreno Judice de Mattos Farina, Mateus A. Esmeraldo, Felipe Akio Matsuoka +2Chest X-Ray ClassificationRadiology VLMs

    Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein São Paulo, Brazil · Department of Radiology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA, USA · Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) DASA São Paulo, Brazil +2

  35. Frozen Foundation-Model Embeddings Discard Small-Lesion Signal in Chest Radiography: Implications for Pre-Deployment Evaluation

    Jun 10, 2026Raajitha Muthyala, Zhenan Yin, Alekhya Jilla +6Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    Department of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Indiana University, 535 W Michigan St., IT 475J, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA · Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

  36. A unified multi-task framework enables interpretable chest radiograph analysis

    Jun 2, 2026Lijian Xu, Ziyu Ni, Xinglong Liu +3Radiology Report GenerationChest X-Ray Classification

    Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology · the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong · Lead contact +4

  37. PaCX-MAE: Physiology-Augmented Chest X-Ray Masked Autoencoder

    Jun 1, 2026Yancheng Liu, Kenichi Maeda, Manan PancholyCross-Modal Knowledge DistillationChest X-Ray Classification

    Department of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

  38. A Comprehensive Comparison of Deep Learning Architectures for COVID-19 Classification on CT & X-ray Imagery

    May 19, 2026Sarmad Khan, Arslan Shaukat, Umer Asgher +1Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Classification

    Department of Computer & Software Engineering National University of Sciences & Technology Islamabad, Pakistan · School of Computing & Information Systems University of Melbourne Melbourne, Australia

  39. Concept-Guided Noisy Negative Suppression for Zero-Shot Classification and Grounding of Chest X-Ray Findings

    May 19, 2026Chenyu Lian, Hong-Yu Zhou, Chun-Ka Wong +1Contrastive LearningChest X-Ray Classification

    The Center for Smart Health, School of Nursing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China · Research Institute for Smart Ageing, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University,2026 Hong Kong, China · School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China +1

  40. Domain Incremental Learning for Pandemic-Resilient Chest X-Ray Analysis

    May 18, 2026Danu KimChest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Diagnosis

    Korea International School, Jeju Campus, Jeju-do 63644, Republic of Korea

  41. CheXTemporal: A Dataset for Temporally-Grounded Reasoning in Chest Radiography

    May 11, 2026Eva Prakash, Yunhe Gao, Chong Wang +10VLM RobustnessChest X-Ray Classification

    Stanford University · University of Oxford · University of California, Berkeley +2

  42. Radiologist-Guided Causal Concept Bottleneck Models for Chest X-Ray Interpretation

    May 8, 2026Amy Rafferty, Rishi Ramaesh, Ajitha RajanChest X-Ray ClassificationConcept Bottleneck Models

    University of Edinburgh, UK · NHS Lothian, UK

  43. CXR-ContraBench: Benchmarking Negated-Option Attraction in Medical VLMs

    May 7, 2026Zhengru Fang, Yanan Ma, Yu Guo +5VLM EvaluationChest X-Ray Classification

    City University of Hong Kong · Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School

  44. A Robust Unsupervised Domain Adaptation Framework for Medical Image Classification Using RKHS-MMD

    May 5, 2026Sapna Sachan, Rakesh Kumar Sanodiya, Amulya Kumar MahtoChest X-Ray ClassificationUnsupervised Domain Adaptation

    Mehta Family School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India · Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design and Manufacturing,2026 Jabalpur, India

  45. Improving Imbalanced Multi-Label Chest X-Ray Diagnosis via CBAM-Enhanced CNN Backbones

    May 4, 2026Duy Nguyen Huu, Duy Hoang Khuong, Ngu Huynh Cong VietClass-Imbalanced LearningChest X-Ray Classification

    Department of Artificial Intelligence FPT University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · Department of Computing Fundamental FPT University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

  46. Momentum-Anchored Multi-Scale Fusion Model for Long-Tailed Chest X-Ray Classification

    May 4, 2026Duy Hoang Khuong, Duy Nguyen Huu, Ngu Huynh Cong VietClass-Imbalanced LearningLong-Tailed Classification

    Department of Artificial Intelligence FPT University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · Department of Computing Fundamental FPT University Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

  47. Are Data Augmentation and Segmentation Always Necessary? Insights from COVID-19 X-Rays and a Methodology Thereof

    Apr 29, 2026Aman Swaraj, Arnav Agarwal, Hitendra Singh Bhadouria +2Chest X-Ray ClassificationData Augmentation

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India – 247667 · United Health Group, Optum division · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Delhi, India – 110036

  48. CheXthought: A global multimodal dataset of clinical chain-of-thought reasoning and visual attention for chest X-ray interpretation

    Apr 29, 2026Sonali Sharma, Jin Long, George Shih +7Chest X-Ray ClassificationMedical Image Analysis

    Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine and Imaging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA · Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA · Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA +6

  49. Quantum Kernel Advantage over Classical Collapse in Medical Foundation Model Embeddings

    Apr 27, 2026Sebastian Cajas Ordóñez, Felipe Ocampo Osorio, Dax Enshan Koh +10Chest X-Ray ClassificationHealthcare

    1MIT Critical Data, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA · 2Clinical Research Center, Artificial Intelligence Unit, Fundaci´on Valle del Lili, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia · 3Quantum Innovation Centre (Q.InC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore +15

  50. SparseContrast: Dynamic Sparse Attention for Efficient and Accurate Contrastive Learning in Medical Imaging

    Apr 27, 2026Paarth Prasad, Ruchika MalhotraContrastive LearningChest X-Ray Classification

    Department of Software Engineering, Delhi Technological University

  51. CheXmix: Unified Generative Pretraining for Vision Language Models in Medical Imaging

    Apr 24, 2026Ashwin Kumar, Robbie Holland, Corey Barrett +8Radiology Report GenerationChest X-Ray Classification

    Stanford AIMI, Stanford University · Oracle Health AI · Department of Radiology, Stanford University

  52. ProtoCLIP: Prototype-Aligned Latent Refinement for Robust Zero-Shot Chest X-Ray Classification

    Apr 20, 2026Florian Kittler, Sheethal Bhat, Andreas MaierVLM RobustnessChest X-Ray Classification

    Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany

  53. CXR-LT 2026 Challenge: Multi-Center Long-Tailed and Zero Shot Chest X-ray Classification

    Apr 16, 2026Hexin Dong, Yi Lin, Pengyu Zhou +25Zero-Shot LearningLong-Tailed Classification

  54. CXRAgent: Director-Orchestrated Multi-Stage Reasoning for Chest X-Ray Interpretation

    Oct 24, 2025Jinhui Lou, Yan Yang, Zhou Yu +4Chest X-Ray ClassificationLLM Agent Orchestration

    School of Computer Science, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China · Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China · Department of Colorectal Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, 310022, China +2

  55. Revisiting Performance Claims for Chest X-Ray Models Using Clinical Context

    Sep 24, 2025Andrew Wang, Jiashuo Zhang, Michael OberstChest X-Ray ClassificationDistribution Shift

    Brown University · Johns Hopkins University