Group Fairness

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Overview

Group fairness asks whether people in different demographic or other defined groups receive comparable predictions, errors, opportunities, or resources. Common approaches set targets such as demographic parity or equalized odds, then intervene through data preprocessing, training-time constraints, or post-processing; distributionally robust learning and privacy-aware methods address shifting or distributed data. The ideas also apply to clustering, graphs, rankings, recommendations, and resource allocation, where representation and exposure matter alongside prediction accuracy. A central tension is that fairness metrics can disagree, and improving one measure may reduce utility or shift harms, especially for small or intersecting subgroups.

Latest papers

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140 papers15 papers in the last four weeks, up 50% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. Topic-Level Fairness in Retrieval-Augmented Generation

    Oct 26, 2026Jaeyoung Park, Hantian Zhang, Kexin Rong +1Group FairnessRetrieval-Augmented Generation

    KAIST · Meta · Georgia Institute of Technology

  2. Fair Regression under Approximate Demographic Parity

    Oct 19, 2026Weiwei Wang, Xianyang Zhang, Raymond K. W. WongAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University

  3. Whose Polarization Is It? Auditing Fairness in Network Polarization Measures

    Oct 15, 2026Stanisław Stępień, Michalina Janik, Akrati Saxena +1Group FairnessAlgorithmic Fairness

    Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland · Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

  4. Bayesian Learning to Select Fair Classifiers

    Oct 14, 2026Saatvik Kher, Hyungrok Do, Judy Zhong +1Group FairnessMulti-Armed Bandits

    University of California, Irvine · New York University · Weill Cornell Medicine

  5. Multi-Sensitive Distributional Fairness: Joint Wasserstein Audits and Shapley Allocation

    Oct 13, 2026Agathe Fernandes Machado, Charlotte Jamotton, Arthur CharpentierGroup FairnessIntersectional Fairness

  6. Fairness under Prediction Error in Predict-then-Optimize Pipelines

    Oct 13, 2026Hilda Adwubi OseiAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    Department of Industrial Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

  7. Machine Unlearning for Federated Socially Fair k-Means Clustering

    Oct 9, 2026Aravind Reddy, Deeraj S K, Mohd Wasif Raza +1ClusteringFederated Unlearning

    Centre for Responsible AI, Wadhwani School of Data Science & AI, Indian Institute of Technology Madras · Department of Artificial Intelligence, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, India · Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras

  8. Multigroup Fairness and Omniprediction: Separations and Equivalences

    Oct 5, 2026Sílvia Casacuberta, Parikshit Gopalan, Varun Kanade +3Group FairnessMulticalibration

    Stanford University · Apple · University of Oxford +2

  9. Aggregating User Preferences while Ensuring Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion using Graph Summarization

    Oct 5, 2026Adji Marieme Sita Cissé, Malek MouhoubGroup FairnessRank Aggregation

    Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, France · Department of Computer Science, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada

  10. FairProp: Fair Node Representation Learning via Differentiable Propagation Layers

    Oct 5, 2026Emmanouil Kariotakis, Aritra KonarGraph Neural NetworksGraph Representation Learning

    Department of Electrical Engineering (ESAT-STADIUS), KU Leuven, Belgium

  11. Groupwise Distortion Guarantees for Preference-Based Alignment

    Oct 4, 2026Jacob Brodkey, Roberto Tamez, Aaron RothPairwise Preference LearningSocial Choice Theory

    University of Pennsylvania

  12. Tolerance-Based Fairness Auditing: Violation Certification and Sensitivity Screening

    Oct 1, 2026Jie Tang, Chuanlong Xie, Lixing ZhuAlgorithmic AuditingAlgorithmic Fairness

    School of Statistics, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China

  13. Efficient Active Auditing of Multi-Group Fairness with Bias Probes

    Sep 30, 2026Ayoub Ajarra, Debabrota BasuAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    ´Equipe Scool, Univ. Lille, Inria, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189- CRIStAL

  14. Fairness Theatre: Evaluating Post-Hoc Fairness Interventions in Vendor-Controlled Early Warning Systems

    Sep 29, 2026Kelly McConvey, Angelina Zhai, Rebecca Li +1Algorithmic AuditingAlgorithmic Fairness

    University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada · Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

  15. A Comprehensive View of Fairness through Distributional Stability

    Sep 29, 2026Gayane Taturyan, Charlotte Laclau, Stephan ClémenconDistribution Shift RobustnessAlgorithmic Fairness

    LTCI, Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France

  16. Reducing the Adaptation Gap Through Reachable Fisher Geometry

    Sep 28, 2026Wasif Jalal, Sachin Deb, Asif SalekinParameter-Efficient Fine-TuningGroup Fairness

    Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona, USA

  17. Investigating the Effect of k-NN Preprocessing on Developing Graph Neural Networks: A Fairness-Based Perspective

    Sep 27, 2026Nikolaos Zafeiropoulos, Emmanouil Mavrikos, George E. TsekourasGraph Neural NetworksAlgorithmic Fairness

    Department of Cultural Technology and Communication University of the Aegean Mytilene, Greece

  18. When Post-Processing Fairness Constraints Help and When They Harm: Evidence from Eight Cross-Domain Evaluations

    Sep 22, 2026Nithin Raghava Ramachandra NarlaAlgorithmic AuditingAlgorithmic Fairness

    Independent Researcher, Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas, United States

  19. Multi-View Fair Clustering Guided by Cross-View Sensitive Information Discrepancy

    Sep 22, 2026Mudi Jiang, Jiahui Zhou, Xinying Liu +2Multi-View LearningUnsupervised Clustering

    School of Software, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, China

  20. Identifying Representational Biases in Datasets Using PCA: A Max-Disparity Partition Framework

    Sep 21, 2026Arjun KM, Shashi JainPrincipal Component AnalysisAlgorithmic Fairness

    Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

  21. The AR Fairness Metamodel: A Structured Framework for Fairness Measures

    Sep 16, 2026Julian Alfredo Mendez, Timotheus KampikFair Resource AllocationAlgorithmic Fairness

    Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

  22. Fed-Equilibrium Framework for Topological Pareto Control in Robust and Fair Clinical Federated Learning

    Sep 14, 2026Ting Xu, Henry LeungFederated Learning AggregationByzantine-Robust Federated Learning

    Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Calgary Calgary, Canada

  23. Evaluating Model Retraining under Drift: Paired Comparisons of Cumulative Subgroup Disparity

    Sep 9, 2026Aaron CerossAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham

  24. A Tight 3-Approximation for Fair kk-Means

    Sep 7, 2026Kangke Cheng, Guanlin Mo, Shihong Song +1ClusteringGroup Fairness

    University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China · School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

  25. Prevalence calibration as shortcut mitigation

    Sep 7, 2026Mohamed Amine Kina, Eike PetersenPost-Hoc CalibrationMedical Image Classification

    Universität Bremen, Bremen, Germany · Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany

  26. Parameterized and Streaming Algorithms for Euclidean Fair kk-Center Clustering

    Sep 6, 2026Zeyu Lin, Chaoqi Jia, Longkun Guo +1ClusteringApproximation Algorithms

    School of Mathematics and Statistics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China · School of Accounting, Information Systems and Supply Chain, RMIT University, VIC 3000, Australia

  27. Optimally Selecting Representative Agents from a Metric Space

    Aug 29, 2026Benjamin Cookson, Eva Deltl, Yeeseok OhClusteringGroup Fairness

    University of Toronto · TU Clausthal · The University of Tokyo

  28. Toward Equitable Low-Carbon Mobility: Fairness-Aware Demand Prediction for Expanding Bike-Sharing Systems

    Aug 26, 2026Man Luo, Yixuan ZhaoGraph Neural NetworksGroup Fairness

    Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, U.K.

  29. Subgraph Filtering for Fair Graph Neural Networks

    Aug 26, 2026Haohui Lu, jiyuan Tian, Fangyu Zhou +1Graph Neural NetworksAlgorithmic Fairness

    Molly Wardaguga Institute for First Nations Birth Rights, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia · Discipline of Business Analytics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia · School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

  30. Fairness-Aware Mixture-of-Experts via Subgroup Reweighting and Gate Regularization

    Aug 24, 2026Sunhee HwangAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    Dongyang Mirae University Seoul, Republic of Korea