Algorithmic Fairness

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Overview

The field asks whether automated systems treat people and groups fairly, using criteria such as demographic parity, equalized odds, individual similarity, and causal or counterfactual fairness. Researchers audit disparities in credit, hiring, healthcare, recommendation, and language or vision models, using benchmarks such as COMPAS, Adult, and MIMIC alongside subgroup and intersectional tests. Mitigation ranges from data reweighting and representation learning to constrained or robust optimization, causal interventions, and post-hoc thresholding; work also studies fairness in rankings, sequential allocation, federated learning, and LLM agents. A central challenge is that fairness criteria can conflict with one another and with utility, while estimates and interventions may be unstable under small samples, distribution shift, strategic behavior, or uncertain causal assumptions.

Latest papers

CardsList

424 papers28 papers in the last four weeks, down 20% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. The Indian Financial Automated Advice Bias (IFAAB) Dataset : Auditing Socioeconomic and Demographic Disparities in LLM-Generated Financial Advice in India

    Oct 28, 2026Kriti MahajanDemographic Bias in Language ModelsIntersectional Bias in Language Models

    This work was conducted independently in the author’s personal capacity and was self-funded, without financial support from Amazon. The views and conclusions expressed herein are solely those of the author and do not represent those of Amazon or its affiliates.

  2. Algorithmic Bias from the Perspectives of Healthcare Professionals

    Oct 27, 2026Jennifer Xu, Tamara BabaianAlgorithmic BiasAlgorithmic Fairness

    Department of Computer Information Systems, Bentley University, Waltham, MA, U.S.A.

  3. FYC: FPR-Disparity Weight Perturbation and Youden Calibration for Fair Deepfake Detection

    Oct 27, 2026Uzoamaka Ezeakunne, Taiwo Olabamipe, Deevesh Jain +1Deepfake DetectionAlgorithmic Fairness

    Department of Computer Science, Florida State University · Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida

  4. Individual Fairness via Local Predictive Consistency

    Oct 23, 2026Zhouting Zhao, Tin Lok James NgAlgorithmic Fairness

    School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin

  5. Algorithmic drift in generative adaptive learning

    Oct 22, 2026Firuz Kamalov, Hana Sulieman, Ahmed El Sayed +2Algorithmic FairnessAdaptive Learning

    Department of Computational Sciences, Canadian University Dubai, Dubai, UAE · Department of Mathematics and Statistics, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE · Department of Mathematics, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India +1

  6. Fairness or Fallacy? Mapping the Landscape of AI Bias in Disease Detection

    Oct 19, 2026Ghulam Mudassir, Hameed Ullah Khan, Ahmad Sami Al-Shamayleh +4Algorithmic BiasAlgorithmic Fairness

    School of Computing, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, MK181EG, United Kingdom · Department of Computer Science Sir Syed CASE Institute of Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan · Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Information Technology, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan +4

  7. Fair Regression under Approximate Demographic Parity

    Oct 19, 2026Weiwei Wang, Xianyang Zhang, Raymond K. W. WongAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University

  8. Causal Humility: Governing the Authority of Fairness Claims Under Causal Uncertainty

    Oct 19, 2026Khadija Zanna, Rodrigo Ferreira, Frederick L. Oswald +1Algorithmic FairnessAlgorithmic Accountability

    Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA · University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA

  9. Do LLMs Really Lack Difference Awareness? Uncovering Heuristic Substitution in Group-Differentiating Fairness

    Oct 18, 2026Jingshen Zhang, Bo Wang, Yanlin Fu +4Algorithmic FairnessSocial Bias in Language Models

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Tianjin University · QMindTech · Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, Fudan University +1

  10. Whose Polarization Is It? Auditing Fairness in Network Polarization Measures

    Oct 15, 2026Stanisław Stępień, Michalina Janik, Akrati Saxena +1Group FairnessAlgorithmic Fairness

    Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland · Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands

  11. Generative AI Produces and Transmits Beauty Bias

    Oct 15, 2026AJ Alvero, Deepak Varuvel Dennison, Alexandra Crespin +5Demographic Bias in T2I ModelsAlgorithmic Bias

    Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA · University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA · University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

  12. Time to Fake It: Continual Machine Learning Intensifies Unfairness in Deepfake Detection

    Oct 15, 2026Kajaree Das, Oliver Böse, Subarnaduti Paul +2Algorithmic FairnessDeepfake Detection

    Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

  13. FUSE: Fairness-aware Update Screening against Byzantine Exploitation in qq-Fair Federated Learning

    Oct 14, 2026Tiantong Sun, Jinlin Liu, Xingru Wei +4Federated LearningFederated Learning Aggregation

    George Mason University · The University of Hong Kong · Huazhong University of Science and Technology +2

  14. Fairness under Prediction Error in Predict-then-Optimize Pipelines

    Oct 13, 2026Hilda Adwubi OseiAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    Department of Industrial Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

  15. Algorithmic Fairness Over Time: Advances & Prospects

    Oct 10, 2026Miriam RateikeAlgorithmic Fairness

    Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany

  16. FedPCD: Priority-Constrained Federated Aggregation

    Oct 9, 2026Yousef Irshaid, Dara Varam, Mohamed I. AlHajriFederated LearningFederated Learning Aggregation

    Department of Computer Science & Engineering, American University of Sharjah · Senseable City Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  17. Robust Decentralized Fairness Auditing

    Oct 7, 2026Sayan Biswas, Jade Garcia Bourrée, Anne-Marie Kermarrec +2Algorithmic AuditingLLM Auditing

    EPFL, Switzerland

  18. Justice After Identity: Large Language Models and the View from Everywhere

    Oct 6, 2026W. Russell NeumanMoral Reasoning in Language ModelsMoral Reasoning

  19. FairRSFM: A Biome-Aware Benchmark and Debiasing Framework for Remote Sensing Foundation Models

    Oct 5, 2026Md Aminur Hossain, Omkumar Vaghasiya, Rajeev Ranjan Dwivedi +2Geospatial Foundation ModelsNeural Network Robustness

    Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad, India · Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, India · Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering (CSRE), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India

  20. Causally Fair Generation with Large Language Models

    Oct 3, 2026Patrik Okanovic, Torsten Hoefler, Drago PleckoAlgorithmic FairnessCausal Interventions in Language Models

    Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich · Department of Statistics & Data Science, UCLA

  21. Debias Anything: Fairness with Diversity without Supervision in Diffusion Models

    Oct 1, 2026Théau d'Audiffret, Mariia Vladimirova, Jean-Yves FranceschiDiffusion Model GuidanceDebiased ML

    Criteo AI Lab, Paris, France · ESSEC Business School, France · CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay, France +1

  22. Beyond Demographic Balance: Multi-Metric and Intersectional Evaluation of Fairness in MIMIC-IV Mortality Prediction

    Oct 1, 2026Abdullah Al Noman, Fahmid Al Rifat, Tahrima Hashem +3Algorithmic FairnessIntersectional Fairness

    Virginia Tech Blacksburg, Virginia, USA · University of Texas at Arlington Arlington, Texas, USA · University of Melbourne Melbourne, Victoria, Australia +3

  23. Minimax Optimal Regret for Causal Logistic Bandits with Counterfactual Fairness

    Oct 1, 2026Junhyuk Huh, Seoungbin Bae, Dabeen LeeMulti-Armed BanditsMinimax Regret

    Faculty of Mathematics, University of Cambridge · Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, KAIST · Department of Mathematical Sciences, Seoul National University

  24. Tolerance-Based Fairness Auditing: Violation Certification and Sensitivity Screening

    Oct 1, 2026Jie Tang, Chuanlong Xie, Lixing ZhuAlgorithmic AuditingAlgorithmic Fairness

    School of Statistics, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519087, China

  25. Efficient Active Auditing of Multi-Group Fairness with Bias Probes

    Sep 30, 2026Ayoub Ajarra, Debabrota BasuAlgorithmic FairnessGroup Fairness

    ´Equipe Scool, Univ. Lille, Inria, CNRS, Centrale Lille, UMR 9189- CRIStAL

  26. A Rank Graduation metric for Algorithmic fairness

    Sep 30, 2026Dalia Atif, Paolo GiudiciAlgorithmic AuditingAlgorithmic Fairness

  27. Fairness Theatre: Evaluating Post-Hoc Fairness Interventions in Vendor-Controlled Early Warning Systems

    Sep 29, 2026Kelly McConvey, Angelina Zhai, Rebecca Li +1Algorithmic AuditingAlgorithmic Fairness

    University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada · Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

  28. Pruning for Efficiency, Paying in Fairness: Demographic Disparities in Pruned Speech-LLMs

    Sep 29, 2026Ganesh Pavan Kartikeya Bharadwaj Kolluri, Michael Kampouridis, Ravi ShekharLLM PruningAlgorithmic Fairness

    School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, UK

  29. A Comprehensive View of Fairness through Distributional Stability

    Sep 29, 2026Gayane Taturyan, Charlotte Laclau, Stephan ClémenconDistribution Shift RobustnessAlgorithmic Fairness

    LTCI, Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France

  30. FairDiff: Mitigating the Self-Reinforcing Matthew Effect in Diffusion Recommender Models

    Sep 29, 2026Song-Li Wu, Xianquan Wang, Zhaocheng Du +2Diffusion GuidanceAlgorithmic Fairness

    Tsinghua University · University of Science and Technology of China · Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab