Spiking Neural Networks

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Period ending 2026-09-21

2 new papers

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Period ending 2026-09-14

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122 papers

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Spiking Neural Network inference on FPGAs with hls4ml
Jun 8, 2026Barry M. DillonSpiking Neural Networks Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
SNN-MLIR: An MLIR Dialect for Compiling Neuromorphic SNNs from NIR to Bare-Metal C
Jun 8, 2026Alejandro García Gener, Alvaro Rollón de PinedoSpiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
ITP-STDP: A Hardware-Efficient Intrinsic-Timing Power-of-Two Synaptic Learning Engine for On-Chip SNNs
Jun 4, 2026Haihang Xia, Xinyu Zhao, Xuecheng Wang +5Spiking Neural Networks Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity
DBHN-Net: Dual-Branch Hybrid Neural Network For Low-Complexity Monaural Speech Enhancement
Jun 4, 2026Cunhang Fan, Enrui Liu, Jing Zhou +6Spiking Neural Networks Speech Enhancement
QDS-SNN: Energy-efficient Quantum Deeply-Supervised Spiking Neural Network Algorithm for Traffic Sign Recognition
Jun 3, 2026Zhiguo Qu, Keqi Li, Le Sun +4Quantum Neural Networks Spiking Neural Networks
Quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons exhibit less fragmented loss landscapes and outperform leaky integrate-and-fire neurons in spike-based gradient descent
Jun 2, 2026Carlo Wenig, Raoul-Martin Memmesheimer, Christian KlosSpiking Neural Networks Loss Landscape
Beyond Low-Rank: Low-Rank Sparse Prompting via Spiking Neural Network and Prompt Factorization
Jun 1, 2026Yumiao Zhao, Bo Jiang, Beibei Wang +3Visual In-Context Learning Low-Rank Adaptation
The Value of Spike Timing: A Leakage-Resistant Benchmark of SNN Design Choices for Network Intrusion Detection
May 31, 2026Raj Patel, Shaswata Mitra, David Amebley +3Spiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
A2SG:Adaptive and Asymmetric Surrogate Gradients for Training Deep Spiking Neural Networks
May 29, 2026Yechan Kang, Yongjin Kweon, Mingyeong Seo +8Spiking Neural Networks Time-Step-Wise Learnable Surrogate Gradient Function
SpikeWFM: Spiking-Aided Wireless Foundation Model for Robust Channel Prediction
May 28, 2026Liwen Jing, Yisha Lu, Tingting Yang +5Spiking Neural Networks Wireless Foundation Models
Neuromorphic LiDAR-based Bird's Eye View Object Detection using Energy-efficient Spiking Neural Networks
May 24, 2026Sambit Mohapatra, Senthil Yogamani, Heinrich Gotzig +1Neuromorphic Hardware 3D Object Detection
SpikeReg: Energy-Efficient 3D Deformable Medical Image Registration with Spiking Neural Networks
May 24, 2026Ali Mikaeili Barzili, Behzad Moshiri, Hamid Azadegan +1Image Registration Binary Spikes
UniSpike: Accelerating Spiking Neural Networks on Neuromorphic Systems via Eliminating Address Redundancy
May 22, 2026Qinghui Xing, Zhuo Chen, Xin Du +6Spiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
SpikingMoE: SDPrompt-Guided Dynamic Expert Fusion in Spiking Neural Networks
May 22, 2026Yukai Yang, Chenxi Qin, Jungang Li +3Spiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
Rare Events, Real Signals: Functional Ensembles as Units of Computation in Deep Spiking Networks
May 21, 2026Aditi Aravind, Konstantinos Ladakis, Mario Alexios Savaglio +2Spiking Neural Networks Functional Networks
ELSA: An ELastic SNN Inference Architecture for Efficient Neuromorphic Computing
May 20, 2026Kang You, Chen Nie, Lee Jun Yan +6Sparse Deep Neural Network Accelerators Spiking Neural Networks
Plug-and-Play Spiking Operators: Breaking the Nonlinearity Bottleneck in Spiking Transformers
May 19, 2026Xinzhe Yuan, Xiang Peng, Bin Gu +1Spiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
Reinterpreting Safety Thresholds as Neuron Spiking Thresholds
May 18, 2026Enrico Del Re, Mohamed Sabry, Cristina Olaverri-MonrealSpiking Neural Networks Autonomous Driving
Spiker-LL: An Energy-Efficient FPGA Accelerator Enabling Adaptive Local Learning in Spiking Neural Networks
May 18, 2026Alessio Caviglia, Filippo Marostica, Alessandro Savino +1Spiking Neural Networks Sparse Deep Neural Network Accelerators
XOResNet: Exclusive-OR Meta-Residuals Facilitate Deep Spiking Neural Networks Learning
May 15, 2026Jianfang Wu, Junsong WangSpiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
Federated Learning of Spiking Neural Networks under Heterogeneous Temporal Resolutions
May 14, 2026Sanja Karilanova, Subhrakanti Dey, Ayça ÖzçelikkaleSpiking Neural Networks Heterogeneous Federated Learning
NeuroTrain: Surveying Local Learning Rules for Spiking Neural Networks with an Open Benchmarking Framework
May 14, 2026Alessio Caviglia, Filippo Marostica, Roberta Bardini +2Spiking Neural Networks Neural Network
Advancing Direct Training for Spiking Neural Networks with Circulate-Firing Neurons and Learnable Gradients
May 14, 2026Feifan Zhou, Xiang Wei, Yang Liu +1Spiking Neural Networks Time-Step-Wise Learnable Surrogate Gradient Function
Gradient-Free Training of Spiking Neural Networks via Low-Rank Evolution Strategies
May 14, 2026Dhruv Patankar, Sachit Ramesha GowdaSpiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
Not All Timesteps Matter Equally: Selective Alignment Knowledge Distillation for Spiking Neural Networks
May 14, 2026Kai Sun, Peibo Duan, Yongsheng Huang +4Spiking Neural Networks Knowledge Distillation
FiTS: Interpretable Spiking Neurons via Frequency Selectivity and Temporal Shaping
May 13, 2026Jongmin Choi, Joon Son ChungSpiking Neural Networks Modulation
STARS: Spike Tail-Aware Relational Synthesis for ANN-to-SNN Data-Free Knowledge Distillation
May 12, 2026Shuhan Ye, Yi Yu, Qixin Zhang +5Spiking Neural Networks Knowledge Distillation
Multi-Timescale Conductance Spiking Networks: A Sparse, Gradient-Trainable Framework with Rich Firing Dynamics for Enhanced Temporal Processing
May 12, 2026Alex Fulleda-Garcia, Saray Soldado-Magraner, Josep Maria Margarit-TauléSpiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
A Composite Activation Function for Learning Stable Binary Representations
May 12, 2026Seokhun Park, Choeun Kim, Kwanho Lee +3Activation Functions Neural Network
Breaking Global Self-Attention Bottlenecks in Transformer-based Spiking Neural Networks with Local Structure-Aware Self-Attention
May 12, 2026Lingdong Li, Hangming Zhang, Qiang YuSpiking Neural Networks Transformer Attention
Energy-Efficient Implementation of Spiking Recurrent Cells on FPGA
May 11, 2026Pascal Harmeling, Florent De Geeter, Guillaume DrionSpiking Neural Networks Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
Frequency Matching in Spiking Neural Networks for mmWave Sensing
May 11, 2026Di Yu, Zhenyu Liao, Changze Lv +7Spiking Neural Networks Millimeter Wave
UIESNN: A Scale-Aware Spiking Network for Underwater Image Enhancement
May 8, 2026Shuang Chen, Ruochen Li, Zihan Zhu +3Spiking Neural Networks Underwater Image Enhancement
Globally Optimal Training of Spiking Neural Networks via Parameter Reconstruction
May 8, 2026Himanshu Udupi, Xiaocong Yang, ChengXiang ZhaiSpiking Neural Networks Time-Step-Wise Learnable Surrogate Gradient Function
Direct-to-Event Spiking Neural Network Transfer
May 8, 2026Nhan Trong Luu, Duong Trung Luu, Pham Ngoc Nam +1Spiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
SAFformer:Improving Spiking Transformer via Active Predictive Filtering
May 8, 2026Zequan Xie, Weiming Zeng, Yunhua Chen +3Spiking Neural Networks Hybrid Transformer
Benchmarking Fairness in Spiking Neural Networks: Data Bias, Spurious Features, and Hardware Effects
May 8, 2026Hudi He, Fukun Wang, Zhe Wang +7Spiking Neural Networks Fairness Constraints
Detecting AI-Generated Videos with Spiking Neural Networks
May 7, 2026Minsuk Jang, Yujin Yang, Heeseon Kim +3High-Fidelity Video Generation Ai-Generated Image Detection
Elastic Spiking Transformers for Efficient Gesture Understanding
May 4, 2026Alberto Ancilotto, Gianluca Amprimo, Stefano Di Carlo +1Spiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
SNNF: An SNN-based Near-Sensor Noise Filter for Dynamic Vision Sensors
May 3, 2026Yahan Yang, Pradeep Kumar Gopalakrishnan, Chang Chip Hong +1Spiking Neural Networks And Mixed-Signal Circuits
ShiftLIF: Efficient Multi-Level Spiking Neurons with Power-of-Two Quantization
May 3, 2026Kaiwen Tang, Di Yu, Jiaqi Zheng +4Spiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
Congestion-Aware Dynamic Axonal Delay for Spiking Neural Networks
May 2, 2026Dewei Bai, Hongxiang Peng, Yunyun Zeng +2Spiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
Spiking Sequence Machines and Transformers
May 1, 2026Joy BosePositional Encoding Sequence Modeling
Scalable Learning in Structured Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks without Backpropagation
May 1, 2026Bo Tang, Weiwei XieSpiking Neural Networks Recurrent Neural Networks
Real-Time Frame- and Event-based Object Detection with Spiking Neural Networks on Edge Neuromorphic Hardware: Design, Deployment and Benchmark
Apr 30, 2026Udayanga G. W. K. N. Gamage, Yan Zeng, Cesar Cadena +2Neuromorphic Hardware Nvidia Jetson Orin Nano
NeuroRing: Scaling Spiking Neural Networks via Multi-FPGA Bidirectional Ring Topologies and Stream-Dataflow Architectures
Apr 30, 2026Muhammad Ihsan Al Hafiz, Artur PodobasSpiking Neural Networks Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
Evolutionary feature selection for spiking neural network pattern classifiers
Apr 29, 2026Michal Valko, Nuno C. Marques, Marco CastelaniSpiking Neural Networks Neural Network
Binary Spiking Neural Networks as Causal Models
Apr 29, 2026Aditya Kar, Emiliano Lorini, Timothée MasquelierSpiking Neural Networks Explainability
EdgeSpike: Spiking Neural Networks for Low-Power Autonomous Sensing in Edge IoT Architectures
Apr 29, 2026Gustav Olaf Yunus Laitinen-Fredriksson Lundstrom-Imanov, Taner YilmazSpiking Neural Networks Neuromorphic Hardware
QB-LIF: Learnable-Scale Quantized Burst Neurons for Efficient SNNs
Apr 28, 2026Dewei Bai, Hongxiang Peng, Jiajun Mei +4Spiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
Generalization Bounds of Spiking Neural Networks via Rademacher Complexity
Apr 26, 2026Shao-Qun Zhang, Zhi-Hua ZhouSpiking Neural Networks Neural Network
A Multiplication-Free Spike-Time Learning Algorithm and its Efficient FPGA Implementation for On-Chip SNN Training
Apr 25, 2026Maryam Mirsadeghi, Mojtaba Mirbagheri, Saeed Reza KheradpishehSpiking Neural Networks Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
Focus Session: Hardware and Software Techniques for Accelerating Multimodal Foundation Models
Apr 23, 2026Muhammad Shafique, Abdul Basit, Muhammad Abdullah Hanif +3Multimodal Foundation Model Accelerator
Combining Convolution and Delay Learning in Recurrent Spiking Neural Networks
Apr 17, 2026Lúcio Folly Sanches Zebendo, Eleonora Cicciarella, Michele RossiSpiking Neural Networks Recurrent Neural Networks
Latency Coding for Efficient and Low-Latency Deep Spiking Neural Networks
Mar 24, 2026Yi Lu, Jianhao Ding, Zhaofei YuSpiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
Equivalence of approximation by networks of single- and multi-spike neurons
Mar 13, 2026Dominik Dold, Philipp Christian PetersenSpiking Neural Networks Neural-Network Approximation
ADSEQ: A delay-aware autograd-compatible framework for spike-event delivery in SNNs
Dec 5, 2025Lennart P. L. Landsmeer, Amirreza Movahedin, Said Hamdioui +1Spiking Neural Networks Binary Spikes
NeuroFlex: Lossless Element-Level ANN-SNN Co-Execution for Efficient Sparse Inference
Nov 7, 2025Varun Manjunath, Pranav Ramesh, Gopalakrishnan SrinivasanSparse Deep Neural Network Accelerators Spiking Neural Networks
Spiking Patches: Asynchronous, Sparse, and Efficient Tokens for Event Cameras
Oct 30, 2025Christoffer Koo Øhrstrøm, Ronja Güldenring, Lazaros NalpantidisEvent-Driven Computation Object Detection
Efficient Memristive Spiking Neural Networks Architecture with Supervised In-Situ STDP Method
Jul 28, 2025Santlal Prajapati, Susmita Sur-Kolay, Soumyadeep DuttaSpiking Neural Networks Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity

Jun 8, 2026 · cs.NEJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Spiking Neural Network inference on FPGAs with hls4ml

Barry M. Dillon

ISRC, Ulster University, Derry, BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) provide a naturally temporal machine-learning framework. Their neurons maintain an internal state and propagate information through discrete spikes, enabling low-latency temporal inference. Although SNNs are often associated with asynchronous neuromorphic processors, many scientific real-time inference systems rely on conventional synchronous field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and high-level synthesis (HLS) workflows. In this paper we present an extension of hls4ml that enables clock-driven deployment of SNNs trained in pytorch onto FPGA firmware. We demonstrate the workflow using a dense quantised SNN trained on the Heidelberg Spiking Digits dataset where it achieves inference latencies of approximately

34μ

s. We validate the generated design through software reference comparisons, HLS C simulation, HLS synthesis, export, and Vivado synthesis reports. This work opens up the hls4ml toolkit to neuromorphic computing, allowing streamlined optimisation, synthesis, and deployment of SNN models for real-time inference.

Spiking Neural Networks Field-Programmable Gate Arrays Neuromorphic Hardware High-Level Synthesis Neural Network

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