Automatic Prompt Optimization

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5 papers in the last four weeks, down 37% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

Jul 13Week of Sep 28

Latest papers 43

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Prompt2Skill: Unsupervised Skill Optimization From Natural Language Instructions
Sep 29, 2026Bo Ni, Li Li, Ryan A. Rossi +2Unsupervised Skill Discovery Automatic Prompt Optimization
Vanderbilt University · University of Southern California · Adobe Systems
APOLO: Automatic Prompt Optimization for Ontology Learning
Sep 28, 2026Huu Tan Mai, Roman Kochnev, Cuong Xuan Chu +3Automatic Prompt Optimization Ontology
Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence, Robert-Bosch-Campus 1, 71272 Renningen, Germany · University of Mannheim, Schloss, 68131 Mannheim, Germany · University of Würzburg, Sanderring 2, 97070 Würzburg, Germany +1
CWM: Controllable White-Box Meta-Prompting for Adaptive Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Reasoning Ability
Sep 14, 2026Keuntae Kim, Eunhye Jeong, Yong Suk ChoiAgentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation Systems Automatic Prompt Optimization
Department of Computer Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea · Department of Artificial Intelligence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
Failure-Guided Co-Evolution of Prompts and Training Data
Sep 14, 2026Tianyu Yuan, Zhuzhong QianAutomatic Prompt Optimization Training Data
Nanjing University
Agent-Based ML-LLM Fusion with Self-Optimizing Prompts for Plateau Weather Alerts
Sep 9, 2026Shuai Yan, Yang Xu, Shan HeWeather Prediction Automatic Prompt Optimization
Chengdu Jincheng College College of Computer and Software Chengdu, Sichuan, China
ESPO: Error-Structured Prompt Optimization via Diagnose, Diversify, and Stabilize
Sep 3, 2026Lihao Liu, Peng Tang, Kunwar Yashraj Singh +1Automatic Prompt Optimization Instruction-Tuned Models
AWS Agentic AI
Analysis of Prompt Engineering for Drug Toxicity Prediction
Sep 3, 2026Mia MacGregor, Aakash Welgamage Don, Mark BartlettAbsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, And Excretion Automatic Prompt Optimization
School of Computing, Engineering & Technology, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK. · School of Pharmacy, Applied Sciences & Public Health, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.
A Prompt-Engineering Approach to Develop Scalable, Flexible, and Real-Time Hybrid Micro-Level Personalization in a General Purpose AI Teaching Assistant
Sep 3, 2026Saptarshi Basu, Sandeep Kakar, Ashok GoelLarge Language Model Personalization Tutors
Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA 30332, USA
Designing Proactive Thought Partners for Writing
Sep 1, 2026Chao Zhang, Abe Davis, Chih-Wei Chen +1Ai-Assisted Writing Proactive
*Work done during an internship at Google DeepMind. · 1Cornell University · 2Google DeepMind
Control-Data Flow Separation: Stable Prompt Optimization in Multi-Agent LLMs
Sep 1, 2026Wentao Zhang, Syed Shariyar Murtaza, Junaid Ahmad Bhatti +4Multi-Agent Large Language Model Systems Automatic Prompt Optimization
University of Waterloo · Manulife
Towards Cognitive Process-Aware Proactive Writing Support
Aug 31, 2026Masahiro Yoshida, Atsuya Kobayashi, Kei Tateno +1Ai-Assisted Writing Writing
Sony Group Corporation Tokyo, Japan · University of California, Los Angeles Los Angeles, California, USA
HiVe: Beyond Static Prompts for Multitask Learning via Hierarchy-based Vertical Mixture-of-Experts
Aug 30, 2026Hyeonjik Bae, Minyeol Kim, Susik YoonSoft Prompt Tuning Automatic Prompt Optimization
Computer Science and Engineering Korea University, Seoul, Korea
RLMOpt: Adaptive Prompt Optimization via Recursive Language Models
Aug 11, 2026Subhash Bangalore Satheesha, Nirvik Pande, Deepthi Duddempudi +1Automatic Prompt Optimization Prompt Engineering
Autonomize AI · Carnegie Mellon University
APO: Unsupervised Atomic Policy Optimization for 3D Structure Prediction of Atomic Systems
Jul 30, 2026Shentong Mo, Yatao BianCrystal Structure Prediction Protein
CMU · NUS
Kalman Meets Curriculum: Efficient Dynamic Prompt Selection for Adaptive RL Finetuning
Jul 30, 2026Haodong Zhu, Yangyang Ren, Yanjing Li +4Automatic Prompt Optimization Mathematical Reasoning Benchmarks
1Beihang University · 2Zhongguancun Academy · 3Nanyang Technological university +1
Are Prompt Optimizers Blind? Cross-Modal Visual Feedback for Automatic Prompt Optimization
Jul 27, 2026Haoyue Liu, Xiaoyu Ma, Ye Chen +2Automatic Prompt Optimization Prompt Engineering
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China · Xi’an Jiaotong University, China · Peking University, China +1
From Monolithic to Modular: Segment-level Automatic Prompt Optimization
Jul 21, 2026Nikita Kulin, Viktor Zhuravlev, Artur Khairullin +4Prior Prompt Optimization Techniques Automatic Prompt Optimization
ITMO University · HSE · AXXX
CPInj: Uncovering Prompt Injection Risks in Textual Collaborative Prompt Optimization
Jul 21, 2026Xinting Liao, Behnoosh Zamanlooy, Masoumeh Shafieinejad +4Prompt-Injection Detectors Automatic Prompt Optimization
University of British Columbia · 2Vector Institute · 3McMaster University +1
RAGthoven at SemEval-2026 Task 1: A Multi-Stage Pipeline Walks Into a Benchmark and Barely Clears the Bar
Jul 14, 2026Marek Šuppa, Viktória Ondrejová, Lucia Ganajová +2Humor Automatic Prompt Optimization
Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovakia · Cisco Systems · NaiveNeuron +1
FAPO: Fully Automated Prompt Optimization of Multi-Step LLM Pipelines
Jun 17, 2026Paul Kassianik, Baturay Saglam, Huaibo Zhao +4Automatic Prompt Optimization Large Language Model Pipelines
Foundation AI–Cisco Systems Inc. · Yale University
Environment-Grounded Automated Prompt Optimization for LLM Game Agents
Jun 16, 2026Rean Clive Fernandes, Lukas Fehring, Theresa Eimer +2Automatic Prompt Optimization Agentic Optimization
Lamarr institute for ML and AI TU Dortmund University · Leibniz University Hannover · L3S Research Center
APEX: Automated Prompt Engineering eXpert with Dynamic Data Selection
Jun 9, 2026Fei Wang, Si Si, Cho-Jui Hsieh +1Automatic Prompt Optimization Prompt Engineering
Google · UCLA
Structured Prompt Optimization Meets Reinforcement Learning for Global and Local Interpretability over Complex Text
May 27, 2026Tianyang Zhou, Wenbo Chen, Pierre Jinghong Liang +1Large Language Model Classification Automatic Prompt Optimization
1Carnegie Mellon University · 2Amazon
SPEAR: Code-Augmented Agentic Prompt Optimization
May 25, 2026Mengyin Lu, Cong Feng, Huimin Han +6Automatic Prompt Optimization Agentic Benchmarks
LinkedIn Corporation
APM: Evaluating Style Personalization in LLMs with Arbitrary Preference Mappings
May 20, 2026Philipp Spohn, Leander Girrbach, Zeynep AkataLarge Language Model Personalization Personalization
Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Munich · Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML)
A Human-in-the-Loop Framework for Efficient Prompt Selection in Microscopy Vision-Language Models
May 19, 2026Abhiram Kandiyana, Ankur Mali, Lawrence O. Hall +2Microscopy Human-In-The-Loop
University of South Florida, USA · SRC Biosciences, USA
Less Back-and-Forth: A Comparative Study of Structured Prompting
May 19, 2026Saurav Ghosh, Gabriella Polach, Abdou SowAutomatic Prompt Optimization Large Language Model Responses
Washington University in St. Louis Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
Towards Robust Argumentative Essay Understanding via TIDE: An Interactive Framework with Trial and Debate
May 17, 2026Zheqin Yin, Yupei Ren, Yadong Zhang +2Argumentation Frameworks Automated Essay Scoring
School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University · 2Shanghai Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Education, East China Normal University · Lab of Artificial Intelligence for Education, East China Normal University
Prompt Segmentation and Annotation Optimisation: Controlling LLM Behaviour via Optimised Segment-Level Annotations
May 14, 2026Devika Prasad, Luke Gerschwitz, Tong Li +5Automatic Prompt Optimization Generative Artificial Intelligence
Commonwealth Bank of Australia
PEML: Parameter-efficient Multi-Task Learning with Optimized Continuous Prompts
May 13, 2026Anjir Ahmed Chowdhury, Syed Zawad, Xiaolong Ma +2Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning Methods Multi--Task Learning
Department of Computer Science University of Houston · IBM Research · Argonne National Laboratory
From Noise to Diversity: Random Embedding Injection in LLM Reasoning
May 12, 2026Heejun Kim, Seungpil Lee, Jewon Yeom +5LLM Reasoning Strategies Automatic Prompt Optimization
1Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology · 3Microsoft Research · 2Seoul National University
LLARS: Enabling Domain Expert & Developer Collaboration for LLM Prompting, Generation and Evaluation
May 11, 2026Philipp Steigerwald, Mara Stieler, Jennifer Burghardt +2Large Language Models(Llms Automatic Prompt Optimization
Technische Hochschule Nürnberg Georg Simon Ohm, Nürnberg, Germany · Faculty of Computer Science, Centre for Artificial Intelligence (KIZ) · Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute for E-Counselling
Taklif.AI: LLM-Powered Platform for Interest-Based Personalized College Assignments
May 7, 2026Zaki Kurdya, Mohammed Zuqlam, Salem Amassi +2Artificial Intelligence Education Automatic Prompt Optimization
Faculty of Information Technology The Islamic University of Gaza Gaza, Palestine
Prober.ai: Gated Inquiry-Based Feedback via LLM-Constrained Personas for Argumentative Writing Development
May 7, 2026Ran Bi, Shiyao Wei, Yuanyiyi ZhouAi-Assisted Writing Tutors
1Florida State University · 2New York University
Joint Semantic Token Selection and Prompt Optimization for Interpretable Prompt Learning
May 6, 2026Yating Wang, Yaqi Zhao, Yongshun Gong +2Multiple Prompt Learning Frameworks Automatic Prompt Optimization
School of Software, Shandong University, Jinan, 250101, China
PPO guided Agentic Pipeline for Adaptive Prompt Selection and Test Case Generation
May 1, 2026Gourisetty Venkata Sai Koushik, Dama Aditya, Mahankali Harish Sai +3Test Generation Automatic Prompt Optimization
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SRM University AP
OMEGA: Optimizing Machine Learning by Evaluating Generated Algorithms
Apr 29, 2026Jeremy Nixon, Annika SinghMle-Bench Lite Artificial Intelligence Research
Infinity Artificial Intelligence Institute San Francisco, CA, USA · Infinity Artificial Intelligence Institute & Computer Science, Stanford University Palo Alto, CA, USA
Generating Place-Based Compromises Between Two Points of View
Apr 27, 2026Sumanta Bhattacharyya, Francine Chen, Scott Carter +6Large Language Model Generation Large Language Model Decisions
University of Illinois Chicago · Toyota Research Institute
Mind the Prompt: Self-adaptive Generation of Task Plan Explanations via LLMs
Apr 22, 2026Gricel Vázquez, Alexandros Evangelidis, Sepeedeh Shahbeigi +2Large Language Model Planning Automatic Prompt Optimization
University of York, UK · Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus
Employing General-Purpose and Biomedical Large Language Models with Advanced Prompt Engineering for Pharmacoepidemiologic Study Design
Apr 20, 2026Xinyao Zhang, Nicole Sonne Heckmann, Manuela Del Castillo Suero +2Biomedical Text Automatic Prompt Optimization
Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Mitigating Prompt-Induced Cognitive Biases in General-Purpose AI for Software Engineering
Apr 18, 2026Francesco Sovrano, Gabriele Dominici, Alberto BacchelliSoftware Engineering Biases
Collegium Helveticum at ETH Zurich, Switzerland · University of Zurich, Switzerland · University of Italian-speaking Switzerland, Switzerland
Stabilizing Black-Box Prompt Optimization with Textual Regularization and Signal Aggregation
Jul 14, 2025MohammadReza Davari, Utkarsh Garg, Weixin Cai +1Prior Prompt Optimization Techniques Automatic Prompt Optimization
† Concordia University · ‡ Mila – Quebec AI Institute · ⋄Microsoft
Scaling Textual Gradients via Sampling-Based Momentum
May 31, 2025Zixin Ding, Junyuan Hong, Zhan Shi +6Large Language Model Training Automatic Prompt Optimization
University of Chicago · University of Texas at Austin · Santa Clara University +3

Sep 29, 2026, cs.CLJ/K move · Enter open · S save

Prompt2Skill: Unsupervised Skill Optimization From Natural Language Instructions

Bo Ni, Li Li, Ryan A. Rossi, Franck Dernoncourt+1

Vanderbilt University · University of Southern California · Adobe Systems

Unsupervised Skill Discovery Automatic Prompt Optimization Instruction

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Skills are external artifacts that Large Language Models (LLMs) consume at inference time to improve their performance on specialized domains by incorporating relevant procedural and domain knowledge. Expert-authored skills are expensive to produce, and the resulting artifacts are not optimized for the specific model that consumes them, whose failure modes can vary with version, scale and training. In addition, emerging tasks may fall outside the scope of existing skill libraries, creating a need to develop new skills before curated training data become available. Recent works have explored automated skill optimization through reflection, but they require a curated, in-distribution training set, which users might not always have. To address these limitations, we present Prompt2Skill, a framework that builds skills from natural-language task description alone. From the prompt, the system derives a task specification, discovers or synthesizes datasets, and refines the skill in a closed loop of reflective editing. Across four domains spanning question answering, reading comprehension, spreadsheet manipulation, and mathematical reasoning, Prompt2Skill consistently outperforms the direct prompting baseline, achieving an average improvement of 10.8 across open-source and frontier models.

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Latest papers 43