Fundamental Frequency

Fundamental frequency (F0), a crucial acoustic parameter representing the perceived pitch of sound, is a subject of ongoing research across diverse fields. Current investigations focus on improving F0 estimation accuracy using machine learning techniques, such as convolutional neural networks and meta-learning, often combined with traditional signal processing methods like comb filtering and PYIN. These advancements are impacting applications ranging from speech enhancement and text-to-speech synthesis to medical diagnostics (e.g., Parkinson's disease detection) and speaker anonymization, highlighting the broad significance of precise F0 analysis. Furthermore, research is exploring the relationship between F0 and perceived pitch, acknowledging that F0 is only an approximation of the more complex phenomenon of pitch perception.