Bayesian Networks

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Overview

A Bayesian network uses a directed acyclic graph and local conditional probability models to represent how variables depend on one another, supporting tasks such as diagnosis, prediction, and information gathering. Researchers learn graphs from data using score-based and constraint-based search, often adding expert knowledge or priors, while inference methods range from exact algorithms to sampling and neural approximations. Applications span causal discovery, clinical modeling, time series, and synthetic data generation, with growing work combining networks with language models and differentiable mechanisms. Key challenges include scaling inference and structure search, distinguishing causal direction from observational association, and handling latent confounding, sparse data, and uncertain or imperfect prior knowledge.

Latest papers

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47 papers6 papers in the last four weeks, down 25% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

  1. Iterative Causal Discovery: Per-Edge Impossibility Certificates, Tier-Aware Oracle Queries, and the 1+K1+K Lower Bound

    May 26, 2026Eichi UeharaBayesian NetworksCausal Discovery

    aflo, Inc., Tokyo, Japan

  2. Bayesian Networks for Path-Based Sensors: Gathering Information and Path Planning in Communication Denied Environments

    May 15, 2026Alkesh K. Srivastava, George P. Kontoudis, Donald Sofge +1Bayesian NetworksInformative Path Planning

    University of Maryland, College Park, MD, US. · Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, US. · Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, US. +1

  3. ANCHOR: Abductive Network Construction with Hierarchical Orchestration for Reliable Probability Inference in Large Language Models

    May 11, 2026Wentao Qiu, Guanran Luo, Zhongquan Jian +3Abductive ReasoningBayesian Networks

    School of Informatics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China · School of Computer and Data Science, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China · School of Film, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China +2

  4. Free Energy Manifold: Score-Based Inference for Hybrid Bayesian Networks

    May 11, 2026Cheol Young Park, Shou MatsumotoBayesian NetworksEnergy-Based Models

    ATOS Co., Ltd., 273, Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08381, Republic of Korea · C5I Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA

  5. Exact and Approximate Algorithms for Polytree Learning

    May 5, 2026Juha Harviainen, Frank Sommer, Manuel SorgeGraph Structure LearningBayesian Networks

    Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland · Institute of Computer Science, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena, Jena, Germany · Institute of Logic and Computation, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria

  6. Time series causal discovery with variable lags

    Apr 15, 2026Bruno Petrungaro, Anthony C. ConstantinouTime-Series Causal DiscoveryCausal Structure Learning

    Bayesian Artificial Intelligence research lab, MInDS research group, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.

  7. Transfer learning for nonparametric Bayesian networks

    Apr 1, 2026Rafael Sojo, Pedro Larrañaga, Concha BielzaBayesian Network Structure LearningTransfer Learning

    Aingura IIoT, Paseo Mikeletegui 43, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain · Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Departamento de Inteligencia Artificial, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain

  8. On the Relationship between Bayesian Networks and Probabilistic Structural Causal Models

    Mar 28, 2026Peter J. F. Lucas, Eleonora Zullo, Fabio StellaStructural Causal ModelsBayesian Networks

    ICIS, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands · Dipartimento di Informatica, Sistemistica e comunicazion University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy

  9. Neural Autoregressive Flows for Markov Boundary Learning

    Mar 21, 2026Khoa Nguyen, Bao Duong, Viet Huynh +1Causal Structure LearningCausal Discovery

    Deakin Applied Artificial Intelligence Initiative, Geelong, Australia · Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia

  10. Transformers are Bayesian Networks

    Mar 17, 2026Gregory CoppolaBelief PropagationTransformer

  11. Estimating Staged Event Tree Models via Hierarchical Clustering on the Simplex

    Mar 16, 2026Muhammad Shoaib, Eva Riccomagno, Manuele Leonelli +1Bayesian NetworksHierarchical Clustering

    University of Genova, Department of Mathematics, Genova, 16146, Italy · IE University, School of Science and Technology, Madrid, Spain · Universitat de València, Department of Statistics and Operational Research, València, , Spain

  12. Scaling the Explanation of Multi-Class Bayesian Network Classifiers

    Mar 15, 2026Yaofang Zhang, Adnan DarwicheExplainable Artificial IntelligenceBayesian Networks

    Department of Computer Science University of California, Los Angeles

  13. Learning Bayesian and Markov Networks with an Unreliable Oracle

    Mar 10, 2026Juha Harviainen, Pekka Parviainen, Vidya Sagar SharmaGraph Structure LearningBayesian Network Structure Learning

    University of Helsinki, Finland · University of Bergen, Norway · Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India

  14. Quantization of Ricci Curvature in Information Geometry

    Mar 9, 2026Carlos C. RodriguezInformation GeometryRiemannian Geometry

    Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University at Albany, SUNY

  15. Learning Causal Structure of Time Series using Best Order Score Search

    Mar 5, 2026Irene Gema Castillo Mansilla, Urmi NinadTime-Series Causal DiscoveryBayesian Networks

    University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany · Department of Computer Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

  16. JANUS: Structured Bidirectional Generation for Guaranteed Constraints and Analytical Uncertainty

    Mar 4, 2026Taha RacicotConstrained Generative ModelingSynthetic Tabular Data Generation

    Universit´e Laval

  17. Extracting Probabilistic Knowledge from Large Language Models for Bayesian Network Parameterization

    May 21, 2025Aliakbar Nafar, Kristen Brent Venable, Zijun Cui +1Bayesian NetworksProbabilistic Graphical Models

    Michigan State University · Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC) University of West Florida