LLM Agent Self-Improvement

LLM: Large Language Model

Overview

This field studies how language-model agents can improve across tasks by learning from their own executions, failures, human feedback, or interaction with an environment. Common approaches update prompts, harnesses, skills, memory, or tools while keeping model weights fixed; others use reinforcement learning, self-distillation, or co-evolving tasks and agents. Methods often analyze trajectories to diagnose weaknesses, then test candidate changes with benchmarks, paired comparisons, or held-out regression gates. A central challenge is making gains transfer to new settings without eroding previously reliable behavior, while keeping evaluation trustworthy and improvement costs manageable.

Latest papers

CardsList

277 papers73 papers in the last four weeks, up 121% on the four weeks before. 0.4% of all new papers.

  1. Masked Erosion: How Acceptance Gates Lose Redundant Safeguards in Self-Improving Agents

    Oct 28, 2026Hau-Sing So, Daixian Liu, Weicai LongLLM Agent SafetyLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  2. GEPA-Curator: Curated Learning for Self Improving Agents

    Oct 27, 2026Zack Yu, Nicholas Lee, Minjae Lee +8LLM Agent Self-ImprovementPrompt Optimization

  3. The View from Nowhere: Population-Centered Agent Evolution

    Oct 27, 2026Shuo Yan, Ningning Hou, Haoyu He +2LLM Agent Self-ImprovementSoftware Engineering Agents

  4. Skill∞^{\infty}: Recursive Self-Improvement for Agent Skill Optimization

    Oct 26, 2026Wangcheng Tao, Zhanglu Yan, Han Wu +1LLM Agent Self-ImprovementLLM Agent Skill Learning

  5. RSIV-Harness: A Recursive Self-Improvement Harness Framework for Open-Domain Conversational Text-to-Visualization

    Oct 26, 2026Jiawei Lu, Chen Zhang, Jinwei Lu +3LLM Agent HarnessesLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  6. ParetoRSI-Gym: Can AI Agents Improve Language Models Across Multiple Domains?

    Oct 25, 2026Haojin Wang, Yangzhen Wu, Zeyi Chen +6LLM Agent Self-ImprovementLanguage Model Post-Training

  7. ReGE: Stronger Agents through Experience Synthesis

    Oct 24, 2026Jiarong Liang, Yubo Wang, Zijie Liu +3LLM Agent Self-ImprovementLLM Agent Trajectory Synthesis

  8. RSI Arena: Towards Recursive Self-Improvement with Human Feedback

    Oct 24, 2026Yue Huang, Yanbo Wang, Lichi Li +15LLM Agent Self-ImprovementLLM Agent Training

  9. RSI-Opt: Recursive Self-Improvement Optimizer Agents For Model Training

    Oct 23, 2026Binghang Lu, Yige Sun, Guang LinLarge Language Model-Guided OptimizationLearning to Optimize

  10. Can LLMs Improve Their Own Harness? A Controlled Study on ARC-AGI-3

    Oct 21, 2026Jens Lehmann, Sahar VahdatiLLM Agent HarnessesAgent Harness Optimization

  11. Charts as Epistemic Actions for Experience-Driven Agentic Data Analysis

    Oct 21, 2026Xinzhe Wang, Xudong Weng, Zang Li +1Data Analysis AgentsLLM Agent Skill Learning

  12. GuideEvolve: Self-Evolving Agent Framework with Expert Guidance and 3Ts Mechanisms

    Oct 21, 2026Meihong Jia, Yasemin Timar, Jonathan TawsSelf-Evolving AgentsLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  13. Recursive Self-Improvement on a Budget: Scoring Code Edits Before They Run

    Oct 21, 2026Erfan Darzi, Sree Bhargavi Balija, Sheng HeLLM Agent Self-ImprovementLLM Agent Workflow Optimization

  14. ChartEvo: Self-Evolving Agent Harnesses for Long-Tail Chart Reasoning

    Oct 20, 2026Qi Wang, Peijie Wang, Jun Cao +4LLM Agent Self-ImprovementLLM Agent Harnesses

  15. Unsupervised Tool Evolution for Coding Agents in Data-Lake Analytics

    Oct 19, 2026Yuqing Yang, Yurong Liu, Deqing Fu +5AI Coding AgentsLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  16. HarnessPro: Recursive Harness Self-Improvement with Pareto Optimization for Performance-Cost Trade-offs

    Oct 19, 2026Zhuoshi Pan, ZhiYuan Feng, Yukuo Cen +6Agent Harness OptimizationLLM Agent Harnesses

  17. Compile Once, Run Cheap: Frozen, Portable Skills for Embodied Agents, and What Recursive Self-Improvement Adds

    Oct 18, 2026Jingwen Bai, Guochao Bai, Canbo Zhang +4Robot Skill LearningLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  18. Self-Evolving Agents Can Repair Failures but Struggle to Generalize from Them

    Oct 16, 2026Weixiang Zhao, Yichen Zhang, Yanyan Zhao +5LLM Agent Self-ImprovementSelf-Evolving Agents

  19. Federation over Harness

    Oct 15, 2026Dixi Yao, Tahseen Rabbani, Tian LiAgent Harness OptimizationLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  20. RSIFlow: Adaptive Self-Improvement Workflows with an Evolving Meta-Agent

    Oct 15, 2026Huan Zhang, Mingju Chen, Dongxu Zhou +4LLM Agent Self-ImprovementSelf-Evolving Agents

  21. MetaExp: Learning to Self-Improve through Experience via Verifiable Cross-Task Environment Scaling

    Oct 15, 2026Renhao Li, Xinjie Shen, Yang Su +4LLM Agent Self-ImprovementLLM Agents

  22. CausalEvo: Causal Skill Self-Evolution for Health LLM Agents

    Oct 14, 2026Yuchen ZhangLLM Agent Self-ImprovementLLM Agent Skill Learning

  23. SkillNEO: Non-Elitist Evolutionary Optimization of Agent Skills

    Oct 14, 2026Enze Ma, Chunyu Miao, Yankai Chen +14LLM Agent Skill LearningLLM Agent Self-Improvement

  24. AtomSearch: Evidence-Grounded Tree Search for Agent Skill Optimization

    Oct 14, 2026Jia Tong, Senyou Deng, Min Peng +1LLM Agent Skill LearningLLM Agent Self-Improvement