Oct 4, 2026, cs.AIJ/K move · Enter open · S save
Zhe Yu, Mohan Li, Lei Yu, Ka-Ho Chow+5
Zhejiang University, China · Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, China · Guangzhou University, China+5
Reasoning errors can propagate into later decisions and memory. This survey synthesizes 312 papers and first-party reports on text-based reasoning hallucinations around three questions: what evidence is observable, what study designs establish, and which corrective actions the evidence supports. UIPCA records unsupported premises (U), invalid inferences (I), dependent reuse (P), visible answer-trace consistency (C), and action-policy failures (A). Across 58 reviewed sources, no comparison establishes that a specified intervention improves reasoning while reducing factual reliability under matched conditions. The synthesis connects diagnosis to verification, repair, selective release, and persistent-state control across memory, tools, and training feedback.