Spatial Reasoning Benchmarks

Overview

These benchmarks measure whether AI systems can go beyond recognizing objects to reason about geometry, direction, topology, perspective, and how scenes change over time. They use controlled synthetic puzzles, annotated images and videos, maps, and simulated or real embodied tasks, often with hierarchical tests and executable checks for precise answers or actions. Current models can handle some local relations but often fail at multi-step composition, consistent spatial maps across viewpoints, metric judgments, and long-horizon navigation. Structured representations, tools, active exploration, and targeted training can help, but reliable grounding in visual evidence and fair, standardized evaluation remain open challenges.

Latest papers

CardsList

163 papers35 papers in the last four weeks, up 150% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. Learning and Reasoning with Geometry: How Generation Helps Spatial Understanding

    Oct 26, 2026Rui Yang, Yanwei Li, Sili Chen +3Spatial Reasoning3D Spatial Reasoning

  2. Humans in Space: Can MLLMs Construct Human-Centric Spatial Understanding via Active Exocentric Exploration?

    Oct 25, 2026Tianchen Guo, Tengyue Zhang, Chen Liu +2Spatial Reasoning BenchmarksMultimodal Spatial Reasoning

  3. BEHAVIOR-Spatial Benchmark: Evaluating Spatial Understanding for Robotics

    Oct 25, 2026Sirui Chen, Huang Huang, Qineng Wang +5Spatial Reasoning BenchmarksSpatial Grounding for VLA Models

  4. VoxProg: 3D Spatial Reasoning through Voxel Programming

    Oct 21, 2026Zhichao Zhai, Menglei Zhao, Guikun Chen +43D Spatial Reasoning3D Scene Layout Generation

  5. MindView: Benchmarking Generative Multi-View Spatial Intelligence

    Oct 20, 2026Yanbo Wang, Siqi Luo, Siyu Zhang +9Spatial Reasoning BenchmarksMulti-View Image Synthesis

  6. SENRI: Understanding the Space-Event Nexus in Real-Life Videos

    Oct 18, 2026Kehan Lan, Kaining Ying, Henghui Ding +1Egocentric Video UnderstandingSpatiotemporal Reasoning

  7. Grid-Bench: Can LLMs Predict How Discrete Worlds Change?

    Oct 15, 2026Zixiang Xu, Zirui Song, Wanrong Zheng +16Spatial Reasoning BenchmarksLLM Evaluation

  8. Anvil: Scaling Embodied Spatial Intelligence through Knowledge Recirculation

    Oct 15, 2026Weilin Ruan, Bohan Zhou, Jinghao Li +12Embodied Spatial ReasoningEmbodied Reasoning

  9. LED-BENCH: A Benchmark for Large-format Engineering Drawing Understanding

    Oct 14, 2026Ke Li, Tianyi Wang, Enning You +4Document UnderstandingDocument Image Understanding

  10. Frame Evidence:A Benchmark for Reference Frames and Visual Evidence in Multi-Image Spatial Reasoning

    Oct 14, 2026Chunxi Luo, Qishuai Ding, Xingchen Peng +6Spatial Reasoning BenchmarksSpatial Reasoning

  11. Towards a Data-Centric Understanding of Spatial Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models

    Oct 13, 2026Mahdieh Mallahnezhad, Masoud Jafaripour, Mohamadali Tofigh +2Multimodal Spatial ReasoningMultimodal Large Language Models

  12. Game2Real-Bench: Do Toy Games Reveal and Transfer to Real-World Visual Reasoning?

    Oct 13, 2026Qingan Liu, Juntong Feng, Yue Zhu +6VLM EvaluationVisually Grounded Reasoning

  13. RoTA-Bench: Evaluating 3D Spatial Reasoning through Interactive Projection Alignment

    Oct 13, 2026Qingchuan Ma, Yuexiao Ma, Xiang Meng +73D Spatial ReasoningSpatial Reasoning Benchmarks

  14. MemAct: Streaming Spatial Understanding with Memory and Active Exploration

    Oct 13, 2026Yuxi Wei, Wei Huang, Qirui Chen +2Memory-Augmented AgentsEmbodied Reasoning

  15. SonicWorld: Source-Centric Latent Dynamics for Spatial Audio Reasoning

    Oct 12, 2026Chenlong Wei, Hanling Wang, Mingjin Lou +6Spatial AudioSpatial Reasoning Benchmarks

  16. Geometric Parrots: Rule Absence vs. Rule Fragility in Spatial and Physical Reasoning for Vision-Language Models

    Oct 12, 2026Bilal Jawaid, Hamza Hanif, Muhammad Maaz Uddin +8Sycophancy in VLMsVLM Reasoning

  17. Mind the Spatial Gap: A Benchmark for Geospatial Reasoning and Constrained Spatial Editing

    Oct 9, 2026Zheng Ren, Yanning Wang, Ziheng Huang +4Geospatial Reasoning BenchmarksGeospatial Reasoning

  18. GeoFitBench-LLM: A Benchmark for Assessing Large Language Models' Capabilities in Geospatial Data Requirements Elicitation for Geo-Analytic Tasks

    Oct 8, 2026Amirhossein Vahdat, Thierry Badard, Luc LamontagneLLM EvaluationGeospatial Reasoning Benchmarks

  19. Perception Test 2026: Challenge Summary and Extension to City-scale Audio-Visual Reasoning

    Oct 8, 2026Fedor Kitashov, João Carreira, Shiry Ginosar +3Spatial Reasoning BenchmarksAudio-Visual Understanding

  20. Mine Odyssey: Benchmarking Spatial Agentic Intelligence in the Wild

    Oct 8, 2026Yuxuan Cao, Junlong Li, Hao Li +1AI Agent BenchmarksSpatial Reasoning Benchmarks

  21. Relational Abstractions for Spatial Reasoning with Diffusion Models

    Oct 7, 2026Ana Ezquerro, Ozan ÖzdenizciSpatial ReasoningDiffusion Models

  22. SAVU-BENCH: A Real-World Benchmark for Spatial Audio-Visual Understanding

    Oct 7, 2026Yu Chen, Ruihang Liu, Yangguang Xu +5Audio-Visual UnderstandingSpatial Reasoning Benchmarks

  23. Humanity's Sixth Sense: Benchmarking Intuitive Visual Reasoning in Multimodal Models

    Oct 6, 2026Xingang Guo, Jing Gu, Brian Jang +26Visual ReasoningMultimodal Model Evaluation

  24. 2d-fet-bench: from spatial reasoning to fet design on flakes

    Oct 5, 2026Dunzhi Zhou, Chengyu Zhu, Gang Qiu +1Benchmark DesignElectronic Design Automation

  25. SpatialChain: A Benchmark for Auditing Spatial Reasoning Faithfulness in VLMs

    Oct 5, 2026Rafael Teixeira Sousa, Vinícius Paulo Lopes de Oliveira, Elisa Ayumi Masasi de Oliveira +5VLM EvaluationSpatial Reasoning Benchmarks

  26. Agentic AI with Structured CoT for Enhancing AI's Spatial Intelligence: Visualization and Reasoning of Rotation

    Oct 3, 2026Uttamasha Monjoree, Wei YanSpatial Reasoning BenchmarksStructured CoT Reasoning