Case Study
Case studies in various scientific fields are increasingly leveraging large language models (LLMs) and other machine learning techniques to address diverse challenges. Current research focuses on improving LLM performance through methods like multi-task fine-tuning, retrieval augmentation, and post-hoc reward calibration to mitigate biases and enhance reliability, as well as exploring the application of LLMs in domains such as legal article recommendation, multilingual dataset auditing, and personalized risk assessment. This work highlights the growing importance of LLMs as tools for solving complex problems and improving the efficiency and accuracy of existing processes across numerous disciplines.
Papers
When an Image is Worth 1,024 x 1,024 Words: A Case Study in Computational Pathology
Wenhui Wang, Shuming Ma, Hanwen Xu, Naoto Usuyama, Jiayu Ding, Hoifung Poon, Furu Wei
On the variants of SVM methods applied to GPR data to classify tack coat characteristics in French pavements: two experimental case studies
Grégory Andreoli, Amine Ihamouten, Mai Lan Nguyen, Yannick Fargier, Cyrille Fauchard, Jean-Michel Simonin, Viktoriia Buliuk, David Souriou, Xavier Dérobert
Measuring Misogyny in Natural Language Generation: Preliminary Results from a Case Study on two Reddit Communities
Aaron J. Snoswell, Lucinda Nelson, Hao Xue, Flora D. Salim, Nicolas Suzor, Jean Burgess
Investigating Collaborative Data Practices: a Case Study on Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare Research
Rafael Henkin, Elizabeth Remfry, Duncan J. Reynolds, Megan Clinch, Michael R. Barnes
Positional Information Matters for Invariant In-Context Learning: A Case Study of Simple Function Classes
Yongqiang Chen, Binghui Xie, Kaiwen Zhou, Bo Han, Yatao Bian, James Cheng
Natural Language Processing Through Transfer Learning: A Case Study on Sentiment Analysis
Aman Yadav, Abhishek Vichare
Can Generalist Foundation Models Outcompete Special-Purpose Tuning? Case Study in Medicine
Harsha Nori, Yin Tat Lee, Sheng Zhang, Dean Carignan, Richard Edgar, Nicolo Fusi, Nicholas King, Jonathan Larson, Yuanzhi Li, Weishung Liu, Renqian Luo, Scott Mayer McKinney, Robert Osazuwa Ness, Hoifung Poon, Tao Qin, Naoto Usuyama, Chris White, Eric Horvitz