Counterfactual Explanations

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12 papers in the last four weeks, up 71% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. FlowCF: Sparse Counterfactual Explanations for Mixed-Type Tabular Data using Flow Matching

    Oct 6, 2026Emmanouil Panagiotou, Eirini NtoutsiFlow MatchingExplainable Artificial Intelligence

    Freie Universität Berlin · University of the Bundeswehr Munich

  2. How the Audit Rule Shapes Faithful Factor Explanations in LLMs

    Oct 1, 2026Taolin Zhang, Hanyu Wang, Jiuheng Wan +2Counterfactual ExplanationsFaithfulness of Language Model Explanations

    Hefei University of Technology · East China Normal University · Alibaba Cloud Computing

  3. Towards Fast and Disentangled Counterfactuals for Visual Foundation Models

    Oct 1, 2026Sidney Bender, Benedikt Kunz, Ahmed Zeid +3Disentangled Representation LearningCounterfactual Explanations

    Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data (BIFOLD), Berlin, Germany · Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

  4. RewardExplainer: Learning Reward Model Explanations from Counterfactual Preference Feedback

    Sep 27, 2026Jingyi He, Nier Wu, Shuang Liu +3Reward ModelingCounterfactual Explanations

    The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen · Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Carnegie Mellon University +2

  5. Robust to Which Model Change? A Unified Evaluation of Robust Counterfactual Explanations

    Sep 25, 2026Marcin Kostrzewa, Maciej ZiębaCounterfactual EvaluationCounterfactual Explanations

    Department of Artificial Intelligence Wrocław University of Science and Technology

  6. FCA-Guided Counterfactual Explanations for Multi-Modal Breast Cancer Diagnosis: A Framework Achieving Perfect Validity with Emergent Sparsity

    Sep 17, 2026Abdullahi Isa, Souley Boukari, Muhammad AliyuBreast CancerCounterfactual Explanations

    Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.

  7. FCx: An algorithm for finding Feasible Counterfactual Explanations

    Sep 16, 2026Kleopatra Markou, Vana Kalogeraki, Dimitrios GunopulosCounterfactual Explanations

    National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, Greece · Athens University of Economics and Business, Department of Informatics, Greece

  8. An Empirical Study of Counterfactual Self-Explanations in LLMs

    Sep 15, 2026Giannis Kalyvas, Giorgos Filandrianos, Orfeas Menis Mastromichalakis +2Counterfactual ExplanationsFaithfulness of Language Model Explanations

    National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece · Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal

  9. MedDiME: Efficient Latent Diffusion with Adaptive Masking for Medical Counterfactual Generation

    Sep 14, 2026Yan Zeng, Changlu Guo, Anders Nymark Christensen +2Counterfactual ExplanationsLatent Diffusion Models

    Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark

  10. Diversified and Perceptible Counterfactual Examples Leveraging Expert Knowledge

    Sep 14, 2026Akram Bensalem, Fahima Djelil, Marie-Jeanne Lesot +1Explainable Artificial IntelligenceCounterfactual Explanations

    IMT Atlantique - INFO · IMT Atlantique, Lab-STICC, UMR CNRS 6285, 29238 Brest, France · Lab-STICC\_MOTEL, IMT Atlantique - INFO +2

  11. Explanations-Driven Active Feature Acquisition for Algorithmic Recourse

    Sep 14, 2026Vinura Galwaduge, Jagath SamarabanduCounterfactual ExplanationsCost-Aware Inference

    Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western University London, ON, Canada

  12. From Explanations to Interventions: Execution-Guided Counterfactual Synthesis in Temporal Graphs

    Sep 10, 2026Minwoo Yu, Young-guk HaCounterfactual ExplanationsCausal Counterfactual Generation

    Smart Computing Laboratory, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea

  13. AVCG: A Generalized Variational Framework for Counterfactual Generation under Hypothesis Distributions

    Sep 7, 2026Jamie Duell, Alejandro Jimenez Rodriguez, Mahault AlbarracinCounterfactual ExplanationsCausal Counterfactual Generation

    School of Computing and Digital Technologies, Sheffield Hallam University · Centre of Excellence in AI and Robotics (CEAIR), Sheffield Hallam University · 3Laboratoire d’analyse cognitive de l’information (LANCI), Université du Québec à Montréal +2

  14. Counterfactual Routing Using Integer Programming with Constraint Generation

    Sep 3, 2026Daniël Vos, Sterre LutzCounterfactual ExplanationsCombinatorial Optimization

    Delft University of Technology

  15. Generating Medical Image Counterfactuals using Causal Explanations

    Sep 2, 2026David A. Kelly, Tom Yaacov, Nathan Blake +2Counterfactual ExplanationsMedical Imaging

    King’s College London · University College London

  16. Taking the Whys Seriously: Limitations of Counterfactual Explanations in Justification and Recourse

    Aug 31, 2026Mattia Cerrato, Otto Sahlgren, Xenia HeilmannCounterfactual ExplanationsAI Accountability

    Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany · University of Tampere, Finland

  17. Actionable CBFI: Integrating Structural Decomposition and Causal Counterfactual Recourse for Tabular Machine Learning

    Aug 28, 2026Sejong OhFeature AttributionCounterfactual Explanations

    Dankook University, Republic of Korea

  18. Counterfactual Contrastive Analysis

    Aug 19, 2026Yunlong He, Pietro GoriCounterfactual ExplanationsImage Generation

    LTCI, Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France

  19. Faithful, Sufficient and Understandable: Rethinking Graph Counterfactual Explanations via Discrete Diffusion Inversion

    Aug 12, 2026David Bechtoldt, Sidney BenderCounterfactual EvaluationCounterfactual Explanations

    Machine Learning Group, TU Berlin, 10587 Berlin, Germany · BIFOLD–Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data, Berlin, Germany

  20. COGENT: Counterfactual Gaussian Explanations for Volumetric Medical Images

    Aug 11, 2026Dorian Rząsa, Bartosz Zabdyr, Krzysztof Piekarz +7Counterfactual ExplanationsExplainable Medical Image Analysis

    Jagiellonian University · Warsaw University of Technology · University of Warsaw +2

  21. FiRe: Fixed-Noise Refinement for Visual Counterfactual Explanations

    Aug 9, 2026Yan Zeng, Changlu Guo, Oskar Kristoffersen +3Counterfactual ExplanationsDiffusion Guidance

    Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark

  22. IMFACT: Counterfactual Explanations for Time Series via Intrinsic Mode Function Substitution

    Aug 5, 2026Udo Schlegel, Julian Rakuschek, Thomas Seidl +3Counterfactual ExplanationsTime Series Classification

    LMU Munich, Munich, Germany · TU Graz, Institute of Visual Computing, Graz, Austria · Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML), Munich, Germany +3

  23. A Generalized-Bayes Perspective on Counterfactual Explanations: Posterior-Based Decision-Making and Evaluation

    Jul 31, 2026Keita KinjoCounterfactual EvaluationCounterfactual Explanations

    Faculty of Business, Kyoritsu Women’s University

  24. Class-Aware Reinforcement Learning for Counterfactual Explanation Generation

    Jul 30, 2026Muhammad Adil Saleem, Syed Ali Raza, Mary-Anne WilliamsCounterfactual ExplanationsCounterfactual Learning

    Department of Computer Science, Institute of Business Administration Karachi, University Road, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan. · Commonwealth Bank of Australia, The Foundry, 1 Locomotive St, Eveleigh NSW 2015, Sydney, 2015, NSW, Australia. · Stanford University, Stanford, 94305, California, USA. +1

  25. CEL: Comprehensive Counterfactual Explanations Library and Benchmark

    Jul 24, 2026Oleksii Furman, Łukasz Lenkiewicz, Marcel Musiałek +1Counterfactual EvaluationExplainable Artificial Intelligence

    Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland

  26. Beyond Sufficiency: Time Series Explanation with Counterfactual Necessity

    Jul 23, 2026Hongnan Ma, Yiwei Shi, Mengyue Yang +1Counterfactual ExplanationsTime Series Classification

    School of Computer Science, University of Bristol · School of Engineering Mathematics and Technology, University of Bristol

  27. Explainability Framework for Policy-Aware Autonomous Agents

    Jul 23, 2026Heather Merhout, Daniela InclezanExplainable Artificial IntelligenceCounterfactual Explanations

    Miami University · Miami University Oxford, Ohio, United States

  28. Counterfactual Explainability Framework With CycleGAN And Counterfactual-Classifier Alignnment Score for Retinal Disease Classification

    Jul 23, 2026Kritanu Chattopadhyay, Sayanjit Singha Roy, Soumya ChatterjeeCounterfactual ExplanationsMedical Image Classification

    Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India · Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India · Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India

  29. ConceptCF: Concept-based Counterfactuals for the Explainability of Time Series

    Jul 21, 2026Annemarie Jutte, Faizan Ahmed, Jeroen Linssen +1Counterfactual ExplanationsConcept-Based Explanations

    Saxion University of Applied Sciences, Enschede, The Netherlands · University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

  30. SurvCF(t): Counterfactual Explanations for Survival Analysis in Predictive Maintenance Multivariate Time Series Data

    Jul 18, 2026Zara Karazian, Panagiotis Papapetrou, Sindri Magnússon +2Counterfactual ExplanationsRUL Estimation

    Department of Computer and Systems Sciences (DSV) Stockholm University Stockholm, Sweden · Department of Electrical Engineering (ISY) Linköping University Linköping, Sweden