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11 papers in the last four weeks, up 120% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. OpenProblemBench: Benchmarking AI on Open Problems in the Foundational Theoretical Sciences

    Oct 8, 2026Zhiyi Li, Sihan Hu, Tianning Xiao +4AI for ScienceScientific Reasoning in Language Models

    Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China · CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China · Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China +3

  2. SciExam for ENSO: Can AI Agents Build Climate Models?

    Oct 7, 2026Yinling Zhang, Langchen Liu, Dongbin Xiu +4AI for ScienceAI Agent Benchmarks

    The Ohio State University · Yale University · University of California, San Diego +2

  3. AutoSciBench: Autonomous Benchmark Generation for Evaluating Scientific Agents

    Oct 4, 2026Dongki Kim, Namkyeong Lee, Surag Nair +7AI for ScienceAI Agent Evaluation

    Genentech · KAIST

  4. OSWorld-Science: A Benchmark of Computer Use Agents for Learning and Using Scientific Software

    Sep 30, 2026Dingyuan Dai, Heli Qi, Lei Liu +28Computer-Use Agent BenchmarksAI for Science

    University of California, Los Angeles · RIKEN AIP · Yale University +12

  5. Searching for BSM Experimental Signatures with Large Lagrangian Models

    Sep 29, 2026Ibrahim Elsharkawy, Victoria Knapp-Perez, Wahid Bhimji +1AI for ScienceHigh-Energy Physics

    Department of Physics, University of Toronto and Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada · NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA · Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 +3

  6. ASCEND: Personal AI Agents for Autonomous Scientific Computing Across HPC Clusters and GPU Workstations

    Sep 26, 2026J. Paul Liu, Uthpala Herath, Andrew PetersenAI for ScienceHigh-Performance Computing

    AI Hub for Science, College of Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC · Research Computing and Support Services, Office of Information Technology, Duke University, Durham, NC · Office of Information Technology, NC State University, Raleigh, NC

  7. PhyMo: A Physical-Field Modality for Multimodal AI4Physics

    Sep 23, 2026Henan Sun, Haitao Hu, Jin Liu +4AI for ScienceCross-Modal Representation Learning

    The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) · Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab · Tencent HY +1

  8. Beyond Natural Language: An Agent-Native Language for Autonomous Science

    Sep 21, 2026Yifeng He, Jiachen LiuAI for ScienceScientific Communication

    ARA Lab

  9. ScienceIDE: Turning World's Scientific Codebase into Agent Learnable Environments

    Sep 16, 2026Hejia Geng, Zesen Huang, Haoyang Li +42AI for Science

  10. PrimeScientist: Strategic Allocation of Research Effort in Autonomous Research

    Sep 15, 2026Xinle Yu, Fan Bai, Kaiser Sun +5AI for ScienceAutonomous Research Agents

    UC San Diego · Johns Hopkins University

  11. The AI-Enabled Scientific Frontier

    Sep 14, 2026Gabriel Manso, Emma Fu, Neil ThompsonAI for ScienceAI-Assisted Scientific Research

    1MIT CSAIL, MIT FutureTech

  12. OpenDiscoveryTrace: Process Traces for Evaluating AI Scientist Workflows

    Sep 10, 2026Aayam Bansal, Keertan BalajiAI for ScienceAI Agent Auditing

  13. AgentIdeaBench: Benchmarking Scientific Ideation in the Agent Era

    Sep 7, 2026Yunxiang Mo, Tianshi Zheng, Yisen Gao +7AI for ScienceAI Agent Evaluation

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, HKUST, Hong Kong SAR, China · NVIDIA AI Technology Center (NVAITC), NVIDIA, Santa Clara, USA

  14. Scientific Agent Skills: A Library of Procedural Knowledge for Research Agents

    Aug 30, 2026Timothy Kassis, Vinayak Agarwal, Yuhuan He +2AI for ScienceLLM Agent Skill Retrieval

    K-Dense, Inc.

  15. BixBench3: Benchmarking AI agents on research-study-scale computational biology tasks

    Aug 26, 2026Zane Koch, Asmamaw T. Wassie, Javier Valdes-Aleman +5AI for ScienceAI Agent Benchmarks

    Edison Scientific, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA

  16. K-Bench: measuring model performance on real scientific agent requests

    Aug 21, 2026Aubrey M. Brueckner, Darshil Patel, Yuhuan He +1AI for ScienceLLM Agent Evaluation

    1K-Dense, Inc.

  17. Apodex Discovery: Reality Benchmarks and Environments for Evaluating and Building Discoverative Artificial Intelligence

    Aug 11, 2026Brian Wang, Bin Feng, Xiaoman Pan +26AI for ScienceAI Agent Evaluation

  18. Nutrition Data Infrastructure for the AI Era: Operationalizing FAIR for Agent-Mediated Research

    Aug 11, 2026Lin Liao, Peng LiAI for ScienceEntity Resolution

  19. The ethics of artificial intelligence in the life sciences: Universality, cultural diversity and an architecture of care

    Aug 5, 2026Jean-Pierre Changeux, Gustavo Deco, Morten L. KringelbachAI for ScienceHuman-Centered AI

    Neuroscience Department, Institut Pasteur, Collège de France, Paris F-75005, France. · Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain · Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain +4

  20. Can LLM design high-quality experiments? A Comprehensive and Systematic Benchmark on Autonomous Experimental Design

    Aug 4, 2026Zejun Liu, Jian Wu, Ru Peng +4AI for ScienceBenchmark Design

    Westlake University · Zhejiang University · Nanjing University of Science and Technology +1

  21. POMDPs for Autonomous Science Exploration

    Aug 4, 2026Daniel Guirguis, Nathan Wallace, Hanna Kurniawati +1Belief-Space PlanningAI for Science

  22. Towards a new paradigm of scientific discovery with socialized artificial intelligence

    Aug 3, 2026Xinjie Yao, Xingxin Xu, Xiyuan Gao +21AI for ScienceHuman-in-the-Loop AI

    Baize Research · Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology · Yunnan Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence, Kunming University of Science and Technology +5

  23. Auditing Discovery Claims: A Two-Sided Criterion for Agentic Science, with the Negative Side Decidable

    Aug 2, 2026Wenhui Chen, Jianlin Chen, Ziyao Lin +1Reward HackingAI for Science

    University of Macau · 2South China University of Technology

  24. Artificial Intelligence and Modeling & Simulation: An Overview

    Aug 1, 2026Niclas Feldkamp, Philippe J. Giabbanelli, Istvan DavidAI for Science

    Technische Universität Ilmenau, Germany · VMASC, Old Dominion University, USA · McSCert, McMaster University, Canada

  25. A robust association between LLM use and scientific productivity: Assessing stopping-time selection

    Jul 31, 2026Keigo Kusumegi, Xinyu Yang, Paul Ginsparg +3AI for ScienceCausal Effect Estimation

  26. An AI Scientist that Doesn't Drift: Taste, Structure, and Falsifiable Findings in a Quadruped Navigation Research Loop

    Jul 30, 2026Yiwen Zhang, Eloise Zeng, Jaeha Lee +1AI for ScienceHuman-in-the-Loop AI

    Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, U.S.A. · Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, U.S.A.

  27. TCA-SIR: Learning Target-Conditioned Abstractions for Scientific Inspiration Retrieval

    Jul 30, 2026Yuto Suzuki, Farnoush Banaei-KashaniAI for ScienceScientific Hypothesis Generation

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Denver Denver, Colorado, USA

  28. SciToolAgent-Evo: An Ontology-Aware Self-Evolving Agent for Open-World Scientific Tool Acquisition

    Jul 30, 2026Yuqi Tang, Chenyi Zhou, Libin Wang +3AI for ScienceLLM Agent Skill Learning

    College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University · ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University · ZJU-UIUC Institute, Zhejiang University

  29. Can AI Follow In Einstein's Footsteps?

    Jul 30, 2026Michael Shalyt, Nathan Regev, Marin Soljačić +1AI for ScienceScientific Hypothesis Generation

    Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel. · Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge MA 02139, USA.

  30. Agentic Autoresearch for CT Reconstruction

    Jul 24, 2026Andreas Maier, Lucas Kachelriess, Siming Bayer +4AI for ScienceSparse-View CT Reconstruction

    Pattern Recognition Lab, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany · Department Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (AIBE), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany · Universitätsklinikum Erlangen (UKER), Erlangen, Germany +2

  31. From Overload to Insights: How AI Agents Can Support Scientists in Analyzing Complex Data

    Jul 18, 2026Tim Fuchs, Luca Gelisio, Steffen Hauf +1AI for ScienceAI-Assisted Scientific Research

    University of Hamburg Hamburg, Germany · European XFEL Schenefeld, Germany · Hasso Plattner Institute University of Potsdam Potsdam, Germany

  32. Monkey King Bang: A Unified Scientific Multimodal Foundation Model

    Jul 17, 2026Hesen Chen, Xinyu Su, Xiaomeng Yang +11AI for ScienceUnified Multimodal Models

    SAIS Team, Shanghai Academy of AI for Science

  33. S1-Omni: A Unified Multimodal Reasoning Model for Scientific Understanding, Prediction, and Generation

    Jul 17, 2026Jiahao Zhao, Junyi Liu, Lifeng Xu +19AI for ScienceUnified Multimodal Models

    ScienceOne AI

  34. CoWeaver: A Bi-directional, Learnable and Explainable Matching Engine for Mixed Human-Agent Science Collaboration

    Jul 17, 2026Jiayao Gu, Kexin Chu, Peidong Liu +5AI for ScienceAI-Assisted Scientific Research

    McGill University. · Mila – Québec AI Institute. · University of Connecticut. +5

  35. BrainPilot: Automating Brain Discovery with Agentic Research

    Jul 16, 2026Haoxuan Li, Tianci Gao, Jianhe Li +13AI for ScienceLLM Agent Orchestration

    College of AI, Tsinghua University · 2Shanghai Qizhi Institute · 3Business School, Renmin University of China +8

  36. Networked Intelligence: Active Shared Context Graphs for Human-AI Team Science

    Jul 14, 2026Sutanay Choudhury, Jeffrey J. Czajka, Lummy M. O. Monteiro +15AI for ScienceMulti-Agent Communication

    Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland, WA, USA

  37. From Observation to Insight: Mechanistic World Models and the Quest for Autonomous Discovery

    Jul 14, 2026Ingmar Posner, Anson Lei, Bernhard SchölkopfAI for ScienceWorld Models

    Applied AI Lab., University of Oxford, United Kingdom. · MPI for Intelligent Systems & ELLIS Institute, Tübingen, Germany.

  38. Are LLMs Ready for Scientific Discovery? A Capability-Oriented Benchmark for AI Scientists

    Jul 13, 2026Chuhan Shi, Xiaoquan Ren, Sicheng Song +3AI for ScienceLLM Evaluation

    Southeast University · East China Normal University · Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

  39. Are We Ready for AI-Driven Discovery? AI Verification Before the Next Fundamental Physics Breakthrough

    Jul 10, 2026Gaia Grosso, Vinicius Mikuni, Lukas HeinrichAI for ScienceHuman Oversight of AI

    NSF AI Institute for Artificial Intelligence and Fundamental Interactions, Cambridge, MA · MIT Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Cambridge, MA · School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA +3

  40. Compressing the Validation Bottleneck: An Agentic Self-Driving Lab for Scientific Discovery

    Jul 5, 2026Kyunghoon Hur, Chihun LeeAI for ScienceMultifidelity Modeling

    AX Research Division, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Republic of Korea · Material Data Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Republic of Korea

  41. Statistically Meaningful Geometry and Gauge Symmetry Breaking: A Geometric Foundation for Scientific Discovery and Intelligence Emergence

    Jul 3, 2026Bing Cheng, Yi-Shuai Niu, Howell Tong +1AI for ScienceCausal Discovery

    Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications (BIMSA), Beijing, China · Department of Statistics, London School of Economics and Political Science, London WC2A 2AE, UK +3

  42. MatPhaseBench: A Semantics-Guided Benchmark for Materials Phase Diagrams Understanding

    Jul 3, 2026Hanwen Wang, Sihan Liang, Zhiwei Liu +4VLM EvaluationAI for Science

    Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China · University of Manchester Manchester, UK · Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang, China +1

  43. PHREEQC-MCQ-200: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Tool-Augmented Scientific Simulator Agents

    Jul 1, 2026Ke Zhang, Sahchit Chundur, Mohammad Javad Qomi +1Computer-Use Agent BenchmarksAI for Science

    University of California, Riverside · University of California, Irvine

  44. Scaling Storm-Resolving Atmospheric AI Simulation to the Entire Planet

    Jun 30, 2026Zeyuan Hu, Akshay Subramaniam, Noel Keen +9AI for ScienceTransformer

    NVIDIA · LBNL · PNNL +1

  45. DDIAgents: Mechanism-Conditioned Context Flow for Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction

    Jun 30, 2026Zhenqian Shen, Yu Liu, Xiaoyi Fu +1Multi-Agent LLM SystemsAI for Science

    Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University Beijing, China · Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom · Division of Emerging Interdisciplinary Areas, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong, China

  46. SciIR: A Large-scale Training Dataset and Benchmark for Scientific Image Reasoning Generation

    Jun 29, 2026Zhiyuan Ma, Zhengfeng Shi, Yuning An +6AI for ScienceImage Generation

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China · School of Airspace Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China · Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, China

  47. Building AI-Ready Data Systems for Space Life Sciences, Aerospace Medicine, and Deep Space Exploration

    Jun 27, 2026Sylvain V. Costes, Sergio Garcia Busto, Ryan T. Scott +15AI for ScienceAI Governance

    Blue Marble Space, Seattle, Washington, USA · Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA · Trivedi Institute for Space and Global Biomedicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA +18

  48. A Multi-Level Validation and Traceability Framework for AI-Generated Telescope Scheduling Decisions

    Jun 25, 2026Hengchu Xiao, Chuanjun WangAI for ScienceExplainable Artificial Intelligence

    Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650216, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China · Key Laboratory of the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650216, China +2

  49. Accelerating Returns and the Qualitative Engine for Science

    Jun 24, 2026Guojun LiaoAI for ScienceScientific Reasoning

    Department of Mathematics, The University of Texas at Arlington · Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington

  50. NatureBench: Can Coding Agents Match the Published SOTA of Nature-Family Papers?

    Jun 23, 2026Yuru Wang, Lejun Cheng, Yuxin Zuo +14AI for ScienceCoding Agents

    Horizon Research, Frontis.AI Tsinghua University

  51. S1-Omni-Image: A Unified Model for Scientific Image Understanding, Generation, and Editing

    Jun 23, 2026Qingxiao Li, Zikai Wang, Qingli Wang +1AI for ScienceUnified Multimodal Models

    XScience Lab, Wenge AI

  52. BioInsight: Multi-Agent Orchestration for Interactive Biomedical Knowledge Discovery

    Jun 19, 2026Jieyi Wang, Bingxuan Li, Nanyi Jiang +9AI for ScienceMulti-Agent Orchestration

    1Peking University · University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign · University of Pennsylvania +2

  53. SciLens: Multi-modal Scientific Claim Verification with Agentic Entailment and Grounding

    Jun 18, 2026Yueming Wang, Tianshi Zheng, Jiaxin Bai +3Multimodal GroundingAI for Science

    The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong SAR, China · NVIDIA AI Technology Center Santa Clara, USA

  54. Measuring Biological Capabilities and Risks of AI Agents

    Jun 18, 2026Patricia Paskov, Jeffrey Lee, Kyle Brady +1AI for ScienceAI Agent Evaluation

    RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif.

  55. SciRisk-Bench: A Risk-Dimension-Aware Benchmark for AI4Science Safety

    Jun 17, 2026Linghao Feng, Yinqian Sun, Dongqi Liang +8LLM Safety BenchmarksAI for Science

    Brain-inspired Cognitive Intelligence Lab, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China +5

  56. Speaking the Language of Science: Toward a General-Purpose Generative Foundation Model for the Natural Sciences

    Jun 15, 2026Mingyang Li, Yurou Liu, Jieping Ye +3AI for ScienceGenerative Modeling

    Alibaba Group · Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence, Renmin University of China

  57. SciText2Eq: Assessing LLMs for Explainable Equation Generation for Scientific Creativity

    Jun 14, 2026Yifan Mo, Xiao Fu, Yue Su +4AI for ScienceLLM Evaluation

    Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands · Wageningen University & Research, Netherlands

  58. Agents-K1: Towards Agent-native Knowledge Orchestration

    Jun 11, 2026Zongsheng Cao, Bihao Zhan, Jinxin Shi +23KG ConstructionAI for Science

    Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory · East China Normal University · Fudan University

  59. LabVLA: Grounding Vision-Language-Action Models in Scientific Laboratories

    Jun 11, 2026Baochang Ren, Xinjie Liu, Xi Chen +15AI for ScienceRobot Skill Learning

    Zhejiang University · Shanghai AI Laboratory · Harbin Institute of Technology

  60. A Three-Layer Framework for AI in Scientific Discovery

    Jun 11, 2026Guojun LiaoAI for ScienceScientific Reasoning

    Department of Mathematics, University of Texas at Arlington