Formalization

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6 papers in the last four weeks, against 2 the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. Auto-Formalizing Neuro-Symbolic Predictors

    Oct 1, 2026Samuele Bortolotti, Weixin Chen, Han Zhao +3Neuro-Symbolic FrameworkFormalization

    University of Trento, Italy · University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA · University of Edinburgh, UK

  2. FORALL-LEAN-AGENT for Auditable Reasoning in Formal Mathematics and Software Verification

    Oct 1, 2026Naing Oo LwinTheorem ProvingFormalization

    Astrio Labs

  3. Fyan: A Human--AI Harness with Semantic Auditing for Document-Level Formalization

    Sep 30, 2026Wei Zhao, Yangshuo Zou, Chengxiang Ding +5FormalizationProof

    School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China · University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA · Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China +4

  4. Lean Pool: An AI-Maintained Archive of Formalized Mathematics

    Sep 21, 2026Vasily IlinFormalizationMathematics

    University of Washington

  5. Sage: Formalization with Semantic Correction

    Sep 16, 2026Thomas Hirtz, Farzad Jafarrahmani, Abdelmouksit Sagueni +3AutoformalizationTheorem Proving

    Huawei Lagrange Mathematics and Computing Research Center Paris, France

  6. Efficiency Hallucination: Formalizing and Measuring Behavioral Calibration in LLM-Based Code Optimization

    Sep 13, 2026Sarah Wilson, Gail Kaiser, Patrick MusauCode OptimizationObject Hallucination

    Google · Columbia University · Vanderbilt University

  7. Prove2Me: An Open Collaborative Platform for Scaling Math Formalization

    Aug 28, 2026Shuze Chen, Kunal Marwaha, Xiaoyang Lu +2Theorem ProvingAutoformalization

    Graduate School of Business Columbia University New York, NY 10027 · Department of Computer Science University of Chicago Chicago, IL 60637 · Department of Computer Science Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907 +1

  8. FormalTCS: Benchmarking End-to-End Frontier Formal Theoretical Computer Science Research of Large Language Models

    Aug 20, 2026Dingzirui Wang, Xuanliang Zhang, Keyan Xu +2Large Language Model BenchmarksFormalization

    Harbin Institute of Technology

  9. Responsibility in Multi-Agent Sequential Decision-Making: Comparing Human Judgments to Formal Models of Causal Attribution

    Aug 5, 2026Nripsuta Ani Saxena, Stelios Triantafyllou, Goran RadanovićHuman JudgmentCausal Reasoning

    University of Southern California Los Angeles, California, USA · Max Planck Institute for Software Systems Saarbrücken, Germany

  10. MechGeo: Autoformalizing and Proving Euclidean Geometry in Lean 4

    Aug 3, 2026Hao Shen, Junyu Guo, Tian Cui +2AutoformalizationFormalization

    1SKLMS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · Institute of Logic and Cognition, Department of Philosophy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510275, China +1

  11. PIE-APT: Abductive Planning over Temporal Dynamic Knowledge Graphs via Incremental Reasoning

    Jul 29, 2026Amir Hossein Sharafi, Alireza ShahbaziClassical PlanningAbductive Reasoning

    Najm · Department of Mathematics, Tafresh University

  12. Scaling Up Formal Representation of Clinical Trial Protocols in Ensemble Logic Using LLMs: A Preliminary Study

    Jul 23, 2026Yan Huang, Xubing Hao, Xiaojin Li +4Clinical TrialsNatural Language

    McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA · McWilliams School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

  13. A cubical formalisation of topos causal models: intervention, forcing, and a contextuality obstruction

    Jul 17, 2026Karen SargsyanAxiomFormalization

    Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

  14. Theory-Level Autoformalization: From Isolated Statements to Unified Formal Knowledge Bases

    Jul 14, 2026Marcus J. Min, Mike He, Zhaoyu Li +5AutoformalizationFormalization

    University of Pennsylvania · Princeton University · University of Toronto

  15. A Formalization of the Mean-Field Derivation of the Vlasov Equation: AI-Assisted Lean Formalization as a Strategy Game

    Jul 9, 2026Joseph K. MillerFormalizationDerivations

    Stanford University · Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  16. Multi-agent Autoformalization of Tensor Network Theory

    Jul 8, 2026Sirui Lu, Erickson Tjoa, J. Ignacio CiracAutoformalizationTensor Networks

    Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany · Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstraße 4, D-80799 Munich, Germany

  17. From Solvers to Research: Large Language Model-Driven Formal Mathematics at the Research Frontier

    Jul 8, 2026Eric Jiang, Xiao Liang, Yikai Zhang +16Research-Level MathematicsMathematics

    University of California, Los Angeles · 2Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

  18. Lean-Quantum: Toward AI-Assisted Formalization of Quantum Information

    Jul 6, 2026Kazumi Kasaura, Kei Tsukamoto, Kento Mori +6FormalizationKullback-Leibler Divergence

    1OMRON SINIC X Corporation · 2RIKEN · 3The University of Tokyo +3

  19. FormalRx: Rectify and eXamine Semantic Failures in Autoformalization

    Jul 6, 2026Haocheng Wang, Baiyu Huang, Yingjia Wan +4AutoformalizationFormalization

    LARK Lab, HKUST(GZ) · ETH Zurich · UCLA +3

  20. Toward Secure and Reliable PDDL Formalization of Large Language Models with Planner-in-the-Loop Feedback

    Jun 29, 2026Jiamei Jiang, Jiajing Zhang, Feifei Mo +2Large Language Model PlanningFormalization

    State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China · School of Industry-education Integration, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

  21. The Signal-Coverage Matrix: Stratifying Type and Semantic Errors in Statement Autoformalization

    Jun 26, 2026Chengxiao Dai, Zhaokun Yan, Zhanhui LinAutoformalizationFormalization

    School of Computer Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia · China Academy of Information and Communications Technology, China

  22. Theory-Scale Auto-Formalization of Logics for Computer Science

    Jun 25, 2026Yuming Feng, Frederick Pu, One An +5AutoformalizationFormal Verification

    Johns Hopkins University · University of Toronto · University of Pennsylvania +1

  23. Weave of Formal Thought

    Jun 24, 2026Alexandre BouayadSyntaxSyntactic Structure

  24. TheoremGraph: Bridging Formal and Informal Mathematics

    Jun 24, 2026Simon Kurgan, Evan Wang, Eric Leonen +6FormalizationMathematics

    University of Washington Math AI Lab

  25. VeryTrace: Verifying Reasoning Traces through Compilable Formalism and Structured Verification

    Jun 23, 2026Ninghan Zhong, Ahmet Ege Tanriverdi, Kaan Kale +1Reasoning TracesTraces

    School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bogazici University, Turkey

  26. Does My Embedding Reflect That A=BA = B? Evaluating Mathematical Equivalence in Embedding Models

    Jun 22, 2026Jiaying Ye, Samarth Rao, Leo Carlin +9FormalizationEquivalence

    University of Washington · Axiom Math, University of Washington · Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

  27. Some Results about the Expressivity of Preference-Incomplete Structured Argumentation Frameworks

    Jun 22, 2026Antonio Yuste-GinelArgumentation FrameworksAnswer Set Programming

    University of M´alaga

  28. From numerical proportions to analogical proportions between probabilities

    Jun 22, 2026Henri Prade, Gilles RichardAnalogyProbability

    IRIT · Cr Rose Dieng-Kuntz · Toulouse, 31400, France

  29. Plurification in/of language technology -- The integration of culture in next-generation AI

    Jun 20, 2026Gertraud Koch, Fausto GiunchigliaSocio-Technical SystemsInternal Pluralism

    University of Hamburg, Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1 West, Germany · University of Trento, Dipartimento Ingegneria e Scienza dell'Informazione

  30. Mesh Inference: A Formal Model of Collective Inference Without a Center

    Jun 17, 2026Hongwei XuProbabilistic InferenceInformation-Flow Control

  31. A Categorial and Sheaf-Theoretic Semantics for Autonomic Component Ensembles

    Jun 17, 2026Manuel Hernández, Eduardo Sánchez-SotoSheafAutonomous Agents

  32. IsabeLLM: Automated Theorem Proving Applied to Formally Verifying Consensus

    Jun 16, 2026Elliot Jones, William KnottenbeltTheorem ProvingBlockchain

    Imperial College London, United Kingdom

  33. A Generalized Formalism of Auto-Regressive Decoding for Speech Processing

    Jun 16, 2026Julia Gachot, Philipp Allgeuer, Marie S. Bauer +1Autoregressive DecodingAutoregressive Model

    Knowledge Technology, Department of Informatics, University of Hamburg, Germany

  34. Symbolic Informalization: Fluent, Productive, Multilingual

    Jun 15, 2026Aarne RantaFormalizationSymbol-

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg

  35. The Faithfulness Gap: Certifying Semantic Equivalence Between Natural-Language and Formal Mathematical Statements

    Jun 15, 2026Noor Islam S. Mohammad, Tamim SheikhAutoformalizationFormalization

    Department of Computer Science, Informatics Institute, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Türkiye · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh.

  36. Formalize Once, Edit the Rest: Efficient Lean-Based Answer Selection for Math Reasoning

    Jun 14, 2026Ji Feng, Zhouxing ShiAutoformalizationFormalization

    University of California, Riverside

  37. Formalizing and Mitigating Structural Distortion in LLM Attention for Graph Reasoning

    Jun 14, 2026Donald Loveland, Puja Trivedi, Ari Weinstein +2Interleaved Graph AttentionText-Attributed Graph

    University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA · Amazon Palo Alto, CA, USA

  38. Sorries Are Not the Hard Part: An Expert-Review Case Study of a Semi-Autonomous Formalization

    Jun 11, 2026Vasily Ilin, Brian NugentAutoformalizationFormalization

    University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA · University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

  39. Towards a Bridge Layer Between Bibliographic and Formalized Mathematical Knowledge

    Jun 9, 2026A. MayeuxOpenalex MetadataFormalization

    University of Wisconsin-Madison

  40. Reasoning without Gold Standards: A Proxy-Judge Theory of Autoformalization

    Jun 8, 2026Lei Xu, Xin Quan, André FreitasAutoformalizationFormalization

    1Idiap Research Institute, Switzerland · 2École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland · Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, United Kingdom +1

  41. SKILL.nb: Selective Formalization and Gated Execution for Durable Agent Workflows

    Jun 6, 2026Amine El Hattami, Nicolas Chapados, Christopher PalAgentic Workflow DesignReusable Agent Skills

    ServiceNow Research · Mila · Polytechnique Montréal +1

  42. Evaluation of LLMs for Mathematical Formalization in Lean

    Jun 4, 2026Tyson Klingner, Drew Bladek, Escher Crawford +6Theorem ProvingFormalization

    Math AI Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. · Math AI Lab, University of Washington, Seattle, WA

  43. Hypothesis-Disciplined Multi-Agent Automated Formalization of Asymptotic Statistical Theory

    Jun 3, 2026Tingzhou Wei, Zeyu Zheng, Ethan X. Fang +1AutoformalizationFormalization

    Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University · Department of Mathematical Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University · Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

  44. Characterizing initial human-AI proof formalization workflows

    Jun 2, 2026Katherine M. Collins, Simon Frieder, Jonas Bayer +14AutoformalizationFormalization

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology · University of Oxford · University of Cambridge +5

  45. Lean4Agent: Formal Modeling and Verification for Agent Workflow and Trajectory

    Jun 2, 2026Ruida Wang, Jerry Huang, Pengcheng Wang +3Agentic WorkflowsAgentic Workflow Design

    University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · Independent researcher

  46. A formal definition and meta-model for a machine theory of mind

    Jun 2, 2026Fabio CuzzolinTheory-Of-Mind ReasoningCognitive Science

    Institure for AI, Data Analysis and Systems (AIDAS) School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Oxford Brookes University

  47. LEAP: Supercharging LLMs for Formal Mathematics with Agentic Frameworks

    Jun 2, 2026Po-Nien Kung, Linfeng Song, Dawsen Hwang +10Theorem ProvingFormalization

    Google Cloud AI Research · Google Cloud · Google DeepMind

  48. Formalizing and falsifying causal pathways of rare events

    May 29, 2026Anahita Haghighat, Dominik JanzingCausal ModelingRare Events

    Independent · Amazon Research, Tübingen, Germany

  49. Cognitive Fatigue in Autoregressive Transformers: Formalization and Measurement

    May 29, 2026Riju Marwah, Ritvik Garimella, Vishal Pallagani +3Large Language Models FailAutoregressive Language Models

    Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, India · Artificial Intelligence Institute, University of South Carolina, USA · Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India +1

  50. COMPOSE: Composing Future Theorems from Citations and Formal Structure

    May 28, 2026David Busbib, Michael WermanFormalizationCitations

    Hebrew University of Jerusalem

  51. Formalizing Mathematics at Scale

    May 28, 2026Ahmad Rammal, Niket Patel, Fabian Gloeckle +5AutoformalizationFormalization

    1FAIR at Meta · 2CERMICS, ENPC, Institut Polytechnique de Paris · 3New York University +2

  52. Casual as an Anchor: Resolving Supervision Misalignment in Formality Transfer Dataset

    May 28, 2026Hyojeong Yu, Hyukhun Koh, Minsung Kim +1Stylistic FidelityMotion-Language Alignment

    Seoul National University Seoul, Korea

  53. On Compositional Learning Behaviours in Formal Mathematics

    May 27, 2026Kevin Yandoka DenamganaïTheorem ProvingFormalization

    University of York

  54. Formalization of Malagasy conjugation

    May 26, 2026Joro Ny Aina Ranaivoarison, Eric Laporte, Baholisoa Simone RalalaoherivonyMorphologyLinguistics

    University of Antananarivo, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherche Appliquée au Malgache, Madagascar · Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire d'informatique Gaspard-Monge CNRS UMR 8049, F77454 Marne-la-Vallée, France

  55. By Their Fruits You Will Know Them: Comparing Formalizations of Law by the Decisions They Encode

    May 24, 2026Julius Vernie, Matthias GrabmairLegal Reasoning TasksFormalization

    Technical University of Munich (TUM) · Technical University of Munich

  56. ImProver 2: Iteratively Self-Improving LMs for Neurosymbolic Proof Optimization

    May 21, 2026Riyaz Ahuja, Tate Rowney, Jeremy Avigad +1Theorem ProvingNeuro-Symbolic Framework

    Carnegie Mellon University

  57. Pseudo-Formalization for Automatic Proof Verification

    May 19, 2026Slim Barkallah, Luke Bailey, Kaiyue Wen +2ProofFormalization

    Stanford University

  58. FormalASR: End-to-End Spoken Chinese to Formal Text

    May 19, 2026Wanyi Ning, Yinshang Guo, Haitao Qian +3Automatic Speech RecognitionTranscript

    1Yijiahe AI, Nanjing, China · 2Tianjin University, Tianjin, China · 3Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

  59. Progressive Autonomy as Preference Learning: A Formalization of Trust Calibration for Agentic Tool Use

    May 18, 2026Changkun OuAI TrustworthinessPreference Learning

  60. OProver: A Unified Framework for Agentic Formal Theorem Proving

    May 17, 2026David Ma, Kaijing Ma, Shawn Guo +7Theorem ProvingFormalization

    M-A-P