Computational Pathology

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Overview

Computational pathology studies how to extract diagnostic and biological information from digitized tissue and cell images, including whole-slide images, biopsies, and cytology. Common approaches include convolutional and vision-transformer models, weakly supervised multiple-instance learning for slide-level labels, and segmentation or graph methods for cells and tissue structure; benchmarks such as CAMELYON and PANDA test detection and grading. Foundation and vision-language models increasingly align image features with reports, clinical records, and molecular data for retrieval, prognosis, virtual staining, and spatial gene-expression prediction. A central challenge is ensuring that models remain reliable across hospitals, scanners, and stains while producing interpretable evidence and demonstrating benefit in prospective clinical workflows.

Latest papers

CardsList

279 papers33 papers in the last four weeks, up 18% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. A Multi-modal Agentic Co-pilot for Evidence Grounded Computational Pathology

    Jun 6, 2026Zhe Xu, Zhengyu Zhang, Zhiyuan Cai +12Computational PathologyClinical Decision Support

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China · Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China · Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China +7

  2. Mitosis Detection in the Wild: Multi-Tumor and Context-Aware Generalization in the MIDOG 2025 Challenge

    Jun 5, 2026Marc Aubreville, Jonas Ammeling, Sweta Banerjee +64Computational PathologyDomain Generalization

  3. DualGate-Net: A Prior-Gated Dual-Encoder Framework for Histopathology Cell Detection

    Jun 5, 2026Bahman Jafari Tabaghsar, Son Tran, K. Devaraja +1Computational PathologyMedical Image Localization

    School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia · Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India

  4. Symb-xMIL: Symbolic Explanations for Multiple Instance Learning in Digital Pathology

    Jun 4, 2026Yanqing Luo, Julius Hense, Niklas Prenißl +4Computational PathologyExplainable Medical Image Analysis

    Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data, Berlin, Germany · Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany · Institute of Pathology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany +10

  5. A Pathology Foundation Model for Gastric Cancer with Real-World Validation

    Jun 3, 2026Ling Liang, Jiabo Ma, Zhengyu Zhang +25Computational PathologyMedical Diagnosis

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China · Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China · Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China +18

  6. Pathway-Structured Privileged Distillation for Deployable Computational Pathology

    Jun 1, 2026Yongxin Guo, Hao Lu, Onur Koyun +2Computational PathologyOncology

    School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

  7. GC-MoE: Genomics-Guided Cell-Type-Specific Mixture of Experts for Histology-Based Single-Cell Spatial Transcriptomics

    Jun 1, 2026Kaito Shiku, Ahtisham Fazeel Abbasi, Ryoma Bise +4Computational PathologySpatial Transcriptomics

    Kyushu University, Japan · German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI GmbH), Germany · RPTU University Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany +3

  8. Deep Learning for Generating Computational PIN-4 Immunohistochemistry Staining from Prostate Biopsy H&E Images

    Jun 1, 2026Vietbao Tran, Pratik ShahComputational PathologyConditional Image Generation

    Biomedical Engineering University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA, USA · Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Biomedical Engineering Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA, USA

  9. CodeCytos: AI-assisted spatial molecular imaging analysis via code-augmented agent action space

    May 30, 2026Hung Q. Vo, Huy Q. Vo, Son T. Ly +6Computational PathologySpatial Transcriptomics

    University of Houston, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Houston, Texas, 77004, USA · Houston Methodist Hospital, Department of Systems Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA

  10. Simple Token-Efficient Vision-Language Model for Case-level Pathology Synoptic Report Generation

    May 29, 2026Zhiyuan Yang, Jiahao Cheng, Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh +1Computational PathologyMedical Report Generation

    Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering (CSSE), Concordia University, Montreal, Canada · Axe Cancer, Centre de recherche du CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada · Institut de recherche en immunologie et cancérologie (IRIC), Université de Montréal

  11. Genetically Aligned Patient Representations Improve Hematological Diagnosis

    May 28, 2026Muhammed Furkan Dasdelen, Fatih Ozlugedik, Ilaria Looser +3Computational PathologyHealthcare

    Institute of AI for Health, Helmholtz Munich, Germany · International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Türkiye · Munich Leukemia Laboratory, Germany +4

  12. A Clinically Validated Foundation Model for Comprehensive Lung Pathology Interpretation

    May 25, 2026Zhengrui Guo, Zhengyu Zhang, Jiabo Ma +23Computational PathologyClinical Decision Support

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China · Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China · Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China +15

  13. Discrepancy Minimization Improves Cross-Hospital Robustness in Digital Pathology

    May 24, 2026Ben Vardi, Dana Schonberger, Yuval Friedmann +4Computational PathologyUnsupervised Domain Adaptation

    Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel · Institute of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan, Israel · Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

  14. ConceptM3^3oE: Concept-Guided Multimodal Mixture of Experts for Interpretable Computational Pathology

    May 23, 2026Xuan Wang, Zhongling Xu, Gopi Kannedhara +13Computational PathologyConcept Bottleneck Models

    University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA · University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA · Dell Children’s Medical Center, Austin, TX, USA +2

  15. CRISP -- Clustering-Based Redundancy-Reduced Instance Sampling for Pathology Case Representation and Retrieval

    May 22, 2026Zahra Rahimi Afzal, Wataru Uegami, Saghir Alfasly +6Computational PathologyMedical Image Representation Learning

    Kimia Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA · DICE Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, IL, USA · Division of Computational Pathology and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA +4

  16. Discontinuous Galerkin Neural Operator for Pathology Defocus Deblurring

    May 22, 2026Shaoqing Duan, Haofei Song, Xintian Mao +2Computational PathologyImage Deblurring

    Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

  17. Virtual 3D H&E Staining from Phase-contrast Back-illumination Interference Tomography

    May 21, 2026Anthony Song, Boyan Zhou, Mayank Golhar +3Computational PathologyImage-to-Image Translation

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA · Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital,2026 Baltimore, MD, USA

  18. HAPS: Rethinking Image Similarity for Virtual Staining

    May 19, 2026Fedor Gubanov, Svetlana Illarionova, Vlad Kozlovskiy +6Computational PathologyMedical Image Analysis

    1*Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, 121205, Russia. · 2BIMAI-Lab, Biomedically Informed Artificial Intelligence Laboratory,2026 University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. · 3National Medical Research Radiological Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

  19. Thinking in Scales: Accelerating Gigapixel Pathology Image Analysis via Adaptive Continuous Reasoning

    May 19, 2026Jiusong Ge, Yingkang Zhan, Wenjie Zhao +13Computational PathologyAdaptive Inference

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiao-tong University, Xi’an, China · Department of Transmedia Art, Xi’an Academy of Fine Arts, Xi’an, China · Language Technology Lab, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K. +3

  20. Beyond Morphology: Quantifying the Diagnostic Power of Color Features in Cancer Classification

    May 18, 2026Farnaz Kheiri, Shahryar Rahnamayan, Masoud MakrehchiComputational PathologyOncology

    Dept. of Electrical, Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa, Ontario, Canada · Dept. of Engineering Brock University St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada

  21. PathoSage: Towards Multi-Source Evidence Adjudication in Pathology via Experience-Aware Agentic Workflow

    May 18, 2026Chengyang Zhang, Wenchuan Zhang, Bo Li +5Computational PathologyEvidence-Grounded Reasoning

    College of Computer Science, Sichuan University · Department of Pathology and Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University · Department of Computer and Information Science, University of Macau +1

  22. Diffusion Attention Expert Model for Predicting and Semi-automatic Localizing STAS in Lung Cancer Histopathological Images

    May 15, 2026Liangrui Pan, Jiadi Luo, Yuxuan Xiao +13Computational PathologyOncology

    College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China · Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China · Hunan Clinical Medical Research Center for Cancer Pathogenic Genes Testing and Diagnosis, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China +8

  23. FedStain: Modeling Higher-Order Stain Statistics for Federated Domain Generalization in Computational Pathology

    May 14, 2026Fengyi Zhang, Junya Zhang, Wenzhuo SunComputational PathologyFederated Domain Generalization

    School of Electronic Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China, 570228 · School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, China, 710126 · Xiangjiang College of Elite Engineers, Hunan University, Changsha, China, 410082

  24. Generative Deep Learning for Computational Destaining and Restaining of Unregistered Digital Pathology Images

    May 14, 2026Aarushi Kulkarni, Alarice Lowe, Pratik ShahComputational PathologyDomain Generalization

    Department of Computer Science University of California Irvine, CA, USA · Department of Pathology Stanford University Stanford, CA, USA · Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Biomedical Engineering Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Irvine, CA, USA

  25. PRISM: Perinuclear Ring-based Image Segmentation Method for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Classification

    May 13, 2026Larissa Ferreira Rodrigues Moreira, Leonardo Gabriel Ferreira Rodrigues, Rodrigo Moreira +1Computational PathologyMedical Image Classification

    Institute of Exact and Technological Sciences – Federal University of Viçosa (UFV) Rio Paranaíba – MG – Brazil · School of Computer Science – Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU) Uberlândia – MG – Brazil · Departament of Computing – Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) São Carlos – SP – Brazil

  26. Bridging the Modality Bottleneck in Pathology MIL through Virtual Molecular Staining

    May 12, 2026Yucheng Xing, Pei Liu, Jingying Ma +6Computational PathologyCross-Modal Representation Learning

    National University of Singapore, Singapore · Hunan University, China · Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), China +1

  27. RNA-FM: Flow-Matching Generative Model for Genome-wide RNA-Seq Prediction

    May 12, 2026Yaxuan Song, Jianan Fan, Tianyi Wang +4Computational PathologyGenomics

    School of Computer Science, The University of Sydney, Australia · Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, USA · Berkeley Biomedical Data Science Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, USA +1

  28. CellDX AI Autopilot: Agent-Guided Training and Deployment of Pathology Classifiers

    May 11, 2026Alexey Pchelnikov, Aleksei PchelnikovComputational PathologyHealthcare

    1HistAI

  29. Beyond ViT Tokens: Masked-Diffusion Pretrained Convolutional Pathology Foundation Model for Cell-Level Dense Prediction

    May 8, 2026Weiming Chen, Xitong Ling, Zhenyang Cai +5Computational PathologyHistopathology Image Segmentation

    1Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University · 3Research Institute of Tsinghua, Pearl River Delta · 2The Chinese University of Hong Kong, ShenZhen

  30. HEXST: Hexagonal Shifted-Window Transformer for Spatial Transcriptomics Gene Expression Prediction

    May 6, 2026Keunho Byeon, Jin Tae KwakComputational PathologySpatial Transcriptomics

    School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul