Genomics

Genomics studies how genomes are organized, inherited, regulated, and changed, and how those changes relate to cell function, traits, and disease. Researchers use statistical genetics, sequence-based neural networks and foundation models, and graph or multimodal methods that combine DNA with expression, chromatin, protein, or clinical data. Applications include variant interpretation, gene-expression and regulatory-network prediction, perturbation analysis, genome annotation, and crop breeding, with evaluation spanning sequence benchmarks, single-cell experiments, and population or clinical datasets. A central challenge is turning predictive performance into reliable biological insight: models must generalize across populations, species, and assays, while explanations, causal claims, privacy, and clinical usefulness require independent validation.