Medical Image Analysis

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Overview

Medical image analysis develops methods to detect disease, segment anatomy, track changes over time, reconstruct images, and estimate clinically useful measurements from modalities such as CT, MRI, X-rays, ultrasound, and retinal imaging. Common approaches include U-Net-style segmentation, transformers, self-supervised and foundation-model learning, multimodal vision-language systems, and methods that incorporate anatomical or physical constraints. Models are tested on tasks and benchmarks such as BraTS for brain tumors, ACDC for cardiac MRI, and EchoNet for echocardiography, with growing attention to external-site testing, calibration, and clinical workflow. A central challenge is that strong benchmark results may not transfer across scanners, hospitals, patient groups, or acquisition protocols, so reliable deployment requires better validation, uncertainty estimates, and safeguards against bias and privacy risks.

Latest papers

CardsList

291 papers27 papers in the last four weeks, down 13% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. Mask-HybridGNet: Graph-based segmentation with emergent anatomical correspondence from pixel-level supervision

    Feb 24, 2026Nicolás Gaggion, Maria J. Ledesma-Carbayo, Stergios Christodoulidis +2Medical Image SegmentationMedical Image Analysis

    APOLO Biotech, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina · Departamento de Computación, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina · Instituto de Ciencias de la Computación (ICC), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina +4

  2. MIP Candy: A Modular PyTorch Framework for Medical Image Processing

    Feb 24, 2026Tianhao Fu, Yucheng ChenMedical ImagingMedical Image Analysis

    University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada · Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada · Project Neura, Toronto, ON, Canada +2

  3. Efficient endometrial carcinoma screening via cross-modal synthesis and gradient distillation

    Feb 23, 2026Dongjing Shan, Yamei Luo, Jiqing Xuan +7Medical Image AnalysisOncology

    School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China · School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China · Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China +8

  4. CT-Flow: Orchestrating CT Interpretation Workflow with Model Context Protocol Servers

    Feb 23, 2026Yannian Gu, Xizhuo Zhang, Linjie Mu +4Medical Image AnalysisMedical VLMs

    Qing Yuan Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China · Sensetime Research, Shanghai, China · Shanghai Innovation Institute, Shanghai, China

  5. From Global Radiomics to Parametric Maps: A Unified Workflow Fusing Radiomics and Deep Learning for PDAC Detection

    Feb 20, 2026Zengtian Deng, Yimeng He, Yu Shi +4Medical Image AnalysisRadiomics

    Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA · University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

  6. Imaging-Derived Coronary Fractional Flow Reserve: Advances in Physics-Based, Machine Learning, and Physics-Informed Methods

    Feb 17, 2026Tanxin Zhu, Emran Hossen, Chen Zhao +4Medical Image AnalysisPhysics-Informed ML

    Department of Applied Computing, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA · Department of Computer Science, Kennesaw State University, Marietta GA, USA · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA +3

  7. Effective and Robust Multimodal Medical Image Analysis

    Feb 17, 2026Joy Dhar, Nayyar Zaidi, Maryam HaghighatMedical Image AnalysisMultimodal Fusion

    Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar, Punjab, India · Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia · Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

  8. Foundation Models for Medical Imaging: Status, Challenges, and Directions

    Feb 17, 2026Chuang Niu, Pengwei Wu, Bruno De Man +1Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsMedical Imaging

    Biomedical Imaging Center, Center for Computational Innovations, Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA · GE HealthCare Technology & Innovation Center, Niskayuna, NY, USA

  9. A Generative AI Approach for Reducing Skin Tone Bias in Skin Cancer Classification

    Feb 16, 2026Areez Muhammed Shabu, Mohammad Samar Ansari, Asra AslamMedical Image AnalysisSynthetic Data Augmentation

    University of Sheffield, UK · University of Chester, UK

  10. Confidence-Uncertainty Boundary Calibration for Bayesian Deep Learning in Medical Image Analysis

    Feb 12, 2026Hua Xu, Julián D. Arias-Londoño, Juan I. Godino-LlorenteBayesian Neural NetworksPost-Hoc Calibration

    Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación Universidad Politécnica de Madrid 28040, Madrid, Spain

  11. retinalysis-vascx: An explainable software toolbox for the extraction of retinal vascular biomarkers

    Feb 9, 2026Jose D. Vargas Quiros, Michael J. Beyeler, Sofia Ortin Vela +5Medical Image AnalysisFundus Imaging

    Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands · Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands · 5Dept. of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland +4

  12. Tracing 3D Anatomy in 2D Strokes: A Multi-Stage Projection Driven Approach to Cervical Spine Fracture Identification

    Jan 21, 2026Fabi Nahian Madhurja, Rusab Sarmun, Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury +3Image SegmentationMedical Image Analysis

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh · Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh · Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar +1

  13. Invisible Yet Detected: PelFANet with Attention-Guided Anatomical Fusion for Pelvic Fracture Diagnosis

    Sep 17, 2025Siam Tahsin Bhuiyan, Rashedur Rahman, Sefatul Wasi +4Medical Image AnalysisMedical Image Classification

    Center for Computational & Data Sciences, Independent University, Bangladesh · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Independent University, Bangladesh · Advanced Medical Engineering Research Institute, University of Hyogo, Japan +1

  14. Bridging the Gap in Ophthalmic AI: MM-Retinal-Reason Dataset and OphthaReason Model toward Dynamic Multimodal Reasoning

    Aug 22, 2025Ruiqi Wu, Yuang Yao, Na Su +11RL for VLMsMedical Image Analysis

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China · Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China · School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

  15. Trexplorer Super: Topologically Correct Centerline Tree Tracking of Tubular Objects in CT Volumes

    Jul 15, 2025Roman Naeem, David Hagerman, Jennifer Alvén +2Medical Image Analysis3D Medical Imaging

    Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden

  16. ArteryX: A Reliable End-to-End Toolbox for Standardized Intracranial Artery Feature Extraction from 3D TOF-MRA

    Jul 10, 2025Abrar Faiyaz, Nhat Hoang, Giovanni Schifitto +1Medical Image AnalysisMagnetic Resonance Imaging

    Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA · Department of Physics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA · Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA +2

  17. Online camera-pose-free stereo endoscopic tissue deformation recovery with tissue-invariant vision-biomechanics consistency

    Jun 24, 2025Jiahe Chen, Naoki Tomii, Ichiro Sakuma +1Endoscopy3D Reconstruction

    School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan

  18. Clinician-Friendly Foundation Models for Ophthalmic Image Diagnostics without Fine-Tuning or Technical Barriers

    Apr 22, 2025Meng Wang, Tian Lin, Qingshan Hou +69Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsOphthalmic Image Analysis

  19. WoundAmbit: Bridging State-of-the-Art Semantic Segmentation and Real-World Wound Care

    Apr 8, 2025Vanessa Borst, Timo Dittus, Tassilo Dege +2Medical Image AnalysisMedical Image Segmentation

    Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany · University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany

  20. Echo-E3^3Net: Efficient Endocardial Spatio-Temporal Network for Ejection Fraction Estimation

    Mar 21, 2025Moein Heidari, Afshin Bozorgpour, AmirHossein Zarif-Fakharnia +5Efficient Neural Network InferenceLeft Ventricular Ejection Fraction Estimation

    University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada · University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany · Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran +1

  21. MultiViewDx: Evidence-Linked Multi-View Clinical Diagnosis

    Oct 19, 2024Junda Wang, Zonghai Yao, Yujan Ting +5HealthcareMedical Image Analysis

    United Imaging Intelligence, MA, USA · Manning College of Information and Computer Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA · Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA +1