Multi-Label Classification

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Overview

Multi-label classification predicts a set of labels for each example, useful when images, documents, or clinical records can have several valid categories at once. Common approaches include independent binary classifiers, classifier chains, and neural models that capture label relationships with attention, graphs, or hierarchies; large label spaces also use retrieval and generative methods. Work addresses long-tailed labels, incomplete or noisy annotations, and changing domains through reweighting, augmentation, semi-supervised learning, and test-time adaptation. A central tension is that better aggregate scores do not guarantee reliable rare-label predictions: thresholds, calibration, uncertainty, and evaluation under distribution shift remain important challenges.

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137 papers15 papers in the last four weeks, down 12% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. Soundscapes in Spectrograms: Pioneering Multilabel Classification for South Asian Sounds

    Mar 9, 2026Sudip Chakrabarty, Pappu Bishwas, Rajdeep Chatterjee +3Audio ClassificationMulti-Label Classification

    School of Computer Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India · School of Computation, Information and Technology, Technical University of Munich, Germany · School of Computer Engineering, American International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  2. Not All Pretraining are Created Equal: Threshold Tuning and Class Weighting for Imbalanced Polarization Tasks in Low-Resource Settings

    Mar 8, 2026Abass OguntadeMulti-Label Classification

    African Institute of Mathematical Sciences, South Africa

  3. Unlocking ImageNet's Multi-Object Nature: Automated Large-Scale Multilabel Annotation

    Mar 5, 2026Junyu Chen, Md Yousuf Harun, Christopher KananUnsupervised Visual Concept DiscoveryMulti-Label Classification

    University of Rochester · Rochester Institute of Technology

  4. Early Warning of Intraoperative Adverse Events via Transformer-Driven Multi-Label Learning

    Mar 5, 2026Xueyao Wang, Xiuding Cai, Honglin Shang +2Clinical Risk PredictionMulti-Label Classification

    Chengdu Institute of Computer Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China · China Zhenhua Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guiyang 550014, China

  5. LoRA-MME: Multi-Model Ensemble of LoRA-Tuned Encoders for Code Comment Classification

    Mar 4, 2026Md Akib Haider, Ahsan Bulbul, Nafis Fuad Shahid +2Text ClassificationLanguage Model Ensembles

    Islamic University of Technology, Bangladesh

  6. FEAST: Retrieval-Augmented Multi-Hierarchical Food Classification for the FoodEx2 System

    Mar 3, 2026Lorenzo Molfetta, Alessio Cocchieri, Stefano Fantazzini +3Hierarchical ClassificationText Classification

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena Campus, Via dell’Università 50, I-47522 Cesena, Italy

  7. An Empirical Analysis of Calibration and Selective Prediction in Multimodal Clinical Condition Classification

    Mar 3, 2026L. Julián Lechuga López, Farah E. Shamout, Tim G. J. RudnerSelective PredictionUncertainty Calibration

    New York University · New York University Abu Dhabi · University of Toronto

  8. Loss Design and Architecture Selection for Long-Tailed Multi-Label Chest X-Ray Classification

    Mar 2, 2026Nikhileswara Rao SulakeLong-Tailed ClassificationChest X-Ray Classification

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies, Nuzvid, India

  9. An Analysis of Multi-Task Architectures for the Hierarchic Multi-Label Problem of Vehicle Model and Make Classification

    Mar 2, 2026Alexandru Manole, Laura DiosanMulti-Task LearningMulti-Label Classification

    Department of Computer Science, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

  10. Agentic Multi-Source Grounding for Enhanced Query Intent Understanding: A DoorDash Case Study

    Mar 2, 2026Emmanuel Aboah Boateng, Kyle MacDonald, Akshad Viswanathan +1E-Commerce SearchIntent Classification

    DoorDash, Inc. San Francisco, California, USA

  11. AdURA-Net: Adaptive Uncertainty and Region-Aware Network

    Feb 27, 2026Antik Aich Roy, Ujjwal BhattacharyaChest X-Ray ClassificationMulti-Label Classification

    Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India

  12. A Fusion of context-aware based BanglaBERT and Two-Layer Stacked LSTM Framework for Multi-Label Cyberbullying Detection

    Feb 25, 2026Mirza Raquib, Asif Pervez Polok, Kedar Nath Biswas +3Bengali NLPHybrid Transformer Architectures

    Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh · Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh · mPower Social Enterprise +2

  13. Are Multimodal Large Language Models Good Annotators for Image Tagging?

    Feb 24, 2026Ming-Kun Xie, Jia-Hao Xiao, Zhiqiang Kou +3LLM-Assisted AnnotationMultimodal Large Language Models

    RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Japan · Southeast University, China · China University of Mining and Technology, China +1

  14. A Scalable Curiosity-Driven Game-Theoretic Framework for Long-Tail Multi-Label Learning in Data Mining

    Feb 17, 2026Jing Yang, Keze WangGame-Theoretic RLMulti-Label Classification

    Sun Yat-sen University

  15. Human Values in a Single Sentence: Moral Presence, Hierarchies, and Transformer Ensembles on the Schwartz Continuum

    Jan 20, 2026Víctor Yeste, Paolo RossoMulti-Label ClassificationLanguage Model Ensembles

    PRHLT Research Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, 46022, Spain · School of Science, Engineering and Design, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Valencia, 46010, Spain · Valencian Graduate School and Research Network of Artificial Intelligence (ValgrAI)

  16. Diff-Feat: Diffusion-Based Cross-Modal Feature Extraction for Multi-Label Classification

    Sep 19, 2025Tian Lan, Yiming Zheng, Jianxin YinMultimodal ClassificationMulti-Label Classification

    School of Statistics, Renmin University of China · Center for Applied Statistics and School of Statistics, Renmin University of China

  17. Multi-Label Sentiment Analysis on 100 Languages with Dynamic Weighting for Label Imbalance

    Aug 26, 2020Selim F. Yilmaz, E. Batuhan Kaynak, Aykut Koç +2Multilingual Sentiment AnalysisSentiment Analysis

    Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey · Department of Computer Engineering, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey · National Magnetic Resonance Center UMRAM, 06800 Ankara, Turkey +1