Oncology

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Overview

Oncology studies how cancers develop and spread, how to detect and classify them, and how to prevent or treat them. AI methods analyze medical images and pathology slides, combine imaging with clinical records and molecular data, and use language models to extract evidence or support clinical decisions. Common approaches include deep learning, foundation models, multimodal fusion, survival analysis, and federated learning across institutions. A central challenge is ensuring models generalize across patients and hospitals and demonstrate safe, useful performance in prospective clinical workflows.

Latest papers

CardsList

260 papers7 papers in the last four weeks, down 61% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

  1. Extracting and analyzing 3D histomorphometric features related to perineural and lymphovascular invasion in prostate cancer

    Mar 6, 2026Sarah S. L. Chow, Rui Wang, Robert B. Serafin +10OncologyComputational Pathology

    Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA · University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA · University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA +6

  2. AI End-to-End Radiation Treatment Planning Under One Second

    Mar 6, 2026Simon Arberet, Riqiang Gao, Martin Kraus +9Oncology

    Digital Technology and Innovation, Siemens Healthineers, Princeton, NJ, USA. · Digital Technology and Innovation, Siemens Healthineers, Erlangen, Germany. · Varian Medical Affairs, Siemens Healthineers, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

  3. TumorChain: Interleaved Multimodal Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Traceable Clinical Tumor Analysis

    Mar 6, 2026Sijing Li, Zhongwei Qiu, Jiang Liu +22Radiology VLMsMultimodal CoT Reasoning

    Zhejiang University · DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group · Hupan Lab +3

  4. BRIGHT: A Collaborative Generalist-Specialist Foundation Model for Breast Pathology

    Mar 3, 2026Xiaojing Guo, Jiatai Lin, Yumian Jia +39Breast CancerHealthcare

  5. Intelligent Pathological Diagnosis of Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases via Visual-Language Deep Learning Model

    Mar 3, 2026Yuhang Liu, Yueyang Cang, Wenge Que +12Computational PathologyHistopathology Image Classification

    Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, China · Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China +6

  6. PanCanBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models in Pancreatic Oncology

    Mar 2, 2026Yimin Zhao, Sheela R. Damle, Simone E. Dekker +13Clinical Language Model EvaluationMedical QA

    Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington · Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutch Cancer Center · Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington +5

  7. From Literature to Hypotheses: An AI Co-Scientist System for Biomarker-Guided Drug Combination Hypothesis Generation

    Feb 28, 2026Raneen Younis, Suvinava Basak, Lukas Chavez +1Scientific Hypothesis GenerationOncology

    Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics (PLRI), Hannover Medical School · Lower Saxony Center for Artificial Intelligence and Causal Methods in Medicine (CAIMed) · Sanford Burnham Prebys (SBP) Medical Discovery Institute

  8. Automated Dose-Based Anatomic Region Classification of Radiotherapy Treatment for Big Data Applications

    Feb 26, 2026Justin Hink, Yasin Abdulkadir, Jack Neylon +1Oncology

    Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

  9. Efficient endometrial carcinoma screening via cross-modal synthesis and gradient distillation

    Feb 23, 2026Dongjing Shan, Yamei Luo, Jiqing Xuan +7Medical Image AnalysisOncology

    School of Medical Information and Engineering, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China · School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China · Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, China +8

  10. From Global Radiomics to Parametric Maps: A Unified Workflow Fusing Radiomics and Deep Learning for PDAC Detection

    Feb 20, 2026Zengtian Deng, Yimeng He, Yu Shi +4Medical Image AnalysisRadiomics

    Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA · University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

  11. End-user validation of BRIGHT with custom-developed graphical user interface applied to cervical cancer brachytherapy

    Feb 18, 2026Leah R. M. Dickhoff, Ellen M. Kerkhof, Heloisa H. Deuzeman +12OncologyClinical Decision Support

  12. Context-aware Skin Cancer Epithelial Cell Classification with Scalable Graph Transformers

    Feb 17, 2026Lucas Sancéré, Noémie Moreau, Katarzyna BozekComputational PathologyOncology

    Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany · Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany · Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany +1

  13. Mapping the maturation of TCM as an adjuvant to radiotherapy

    Jan 17, 2026P. Bilha Githinji, Aikaterini Melliou, Xi Yuan +8Traditional Chinese MedicineOncology

    Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hengqin, Guangdong, China · Affiliated Fifth Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

  14. CLARITY: Medical World Model for Guiding Treatment Decisions by Modeling Context-Aware Disease Trajectories in Latent Space

    Dec 8, 2025Tianxingjian Ding, Yuanhao Zou, Chen Chen +2Disease Progression ModelingHealthcare

    Institute of Artificial Intelligence, University of Central Florida

  15. OncoVision: Integrating Mammography and Clinical Data through Attention-Driven Multimodal AI for Enhanced Breast Cancer Diagnosis

    Nov 24, 2025Istiak Ahmed, Galib Ahmed, K. Shahriar Sanjid +10Breast CancerMedical Image Segmentation

    Department Electrical and Computer Engineering, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh. · Big-Matrix Lab, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh. · Department of Mathematics and Physics, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh. +7

  16. Together, Then Apart: Balancing Alignment and Distinctiveness for Multimodal Survival Analysis

    Nov 22, 2025Wenjing Liu, Qin Ren, Wen Zhang +2Cancer Survival PredictionSurvival Analysis

    Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA · Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA · Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA

  17. Benchmarking Deep Learning Models for Laryngeal Cancer Staging Using the LaryngealCT Dataset

    Oct 13, 2025Nivea Roy, Son Tran, Atul Sajjanhar +4Medical Image ClassificationOncology

    School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia · Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India · Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India +1

  18. Synergistic Vision-Language Reinforcement Enables Scalable On-Demand Analysis across Diverse Clinical Tasks

    May 6, 2025Haonan Wang, Jiaji Mao, Lehan Wang +11Image SegmentationMedical Imaging Foundation Models

    Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR · Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR

  19. Towards Accurate and Lightweight Peripheral Neuroblastic Tumor Diagnosis via Contrastive Multi-scale Pathological Image Analysis

    Apr 18, 2025Zhu Zhu, Shuo Jiang, Jingyuan Zheng +7Computational PathologyOncology

    Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China · Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China · Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China +1

  20. CrossFusion: A Multi-Scale Cross-Attention Convolutional Fusion Model for Cancer Survival Prediction

    Mar 3, 2025Rustin Soraki, Huayu Wang, Sitong Liu +2Computational PathologyCancer Survival Prediction

    University of Washington, Seattle, WA · University of California, Los Angeles, CA

  21. Narrative Feature or Structured Feature? A Study of Large Language Models to Identify Cancer Patients at Risk of Heart Failure

    Mar 18, 2024Ziyi Chen, Mengyuan Zhang, Mustafa Mohammed Ahmed +4HealthcareOncology

    Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA · Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA · Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA