Quantum Kernel Methods

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Overview

These methods encode data into quantum states and compare examples using fidelity or measurement-based kernels, which can power support vector machines, Gaussian processes, and clustering. Common approaches include angle and ZZ feature maps, locality-aware kernels for quantum many-body data, and hybrid kernels that combine quantum and classical similarities. Researchers also study kernel alignment, spectral structure, generalization, and ways to reduce measurement costs through active shot allocation or compact approximations. Performance can depend strongly on the data representation and task: some settings show gains, but fair comparisons, hardware noise, kernel-estimation costs, and the lack of clear speedups remain central challenges.

Latest papers

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51 papers9 papers in the last four weeks, up 200% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. Quantum Evolution Kernel for Node-Attributed Graphs

    Oct 27, 2026Manuel Padovani, Alessandra Di Pierro, Claudia DaffaraQuantum Kernel MethodsGraph Representation Learning

    Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

  2. Can Entanglement-Induced Feature-Map Designs Improve Projected Quantum Kernels?

    Oct 22, 2026Ravi Kumar Jha, Hsuan-Yin Lin, Eirik RosnesQuantum Kernel MethodsQuantum Feature Maps

    Simula UiB, N–5006 Bergen, Norway

  3. Prototype-Guided Optimization of Quantum Data Embeddings with Linear Cost

    Oct 17, 2026Seokhoon Jeong, Daniel K. ParkQuantum Data EncodingQuantum Kernel Methods

    Department of Statistics and Data Science Yonsei University Republic of Korea · Department of Statistics and Data Science Department of Applied Statistics Department of Quantum Information Yonsei University Republic of Korea

  4. Expressivity of IQP Feature-Map Quantum Kernels via Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces

    Oct 16, 2026Valeria Repetto, Stefano Melchionna, Romina D'AurizioQuantum Kernel MethodsQuantum Feature Maps

    National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy · Computational Biomedicine Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, via Santena 19, Torino, Italy · Kipu Quantum, Greifswalderstrasse 212, 10405 Berlin, Germany

  5. Quantum Versus Classical Machine Learning for Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Feature-Matched Multi-Cohort Evaluation

    Oct 15, 2026Utsav Poudel, Anuj Nepal, Vyas Viswanath +1Quantum Machine LearningClassification

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India · Universal Higher Education, Melbourne, Australia

  6. Representation Geometry and Inductive Biases in Quantum Classifiers across Classical Visual Benchmarks

    Oct 13, 2026Yu Yamaoka, Weng Ian Chan, Kosuke MitaraiQuantum Machine LearningImage Classification

    Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, The University of Osaka, 1-2 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, 560-0043, Osaka, Japan. · SANKEN, The University of Osaka, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan. · Graduate School of Engineering Science, The University of Osaka, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, 560-8531, Osaka, Japan.

  7. Benchmarking Quantum Kernel SVMs for Credit Card Fraud Detection: Performance Realities Under NISQ Constraints

    Oct 12, 2026Hitanshi Arora, Mohit Swarnkar, Aswani Kumar CherukuriQuantum Machine LearningQuantum Kernel Methods

  8. Pareto-optimal quantum kernel selection for unsupervised anomaly detection on real malware beaconing data

    Oct 7, 2026Boaz Micah, Nadia Milazzo, Maissa Beji +8Quantum Kernel MethodsUnsupervised Anomaly Detection

    Multiverse Computing, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa, Paseo de Miramón 170, Planta 2, 20014 Donostia / San Sebastián, Spain · IQM Quantum Computers, 4 rue Royale, 75008 Paris, France · Multiverse Computing, 7 rue de la Croix Martre, 91120 Palaiseau, Paris, France +3

  9. On Evaluating Quantum Kernel Robustness for Low-Resource Cross-Corpus Audio Deepfake Detection

    Sep 30, 2026Lisan Al Amin, Lei Zhang, Vandana P. JanejaAudio Deepfake DetectionDomain Generalization

    University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

  10. Quantum Computing for Network Security Classification: Near-Term Classification and Long-Term Memory Efficiency

    Sep 29, 2026Yuqing Li, Poonam Bala Nehru, Yunpeng Zhang +4Network Intrusion DetectionQuantum Kernel Methods

    University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA · University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA

  11. Comparative Study of Quantum and Classical Machine Learning Models in Binary Classification

    Sep 20, 2026Anand Kumar Mishra, Ramanuj AwasthiQuantum Machine LearningQuantum Kernel Methods

    School of Engineering & Technology (UIET), CSJM University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

  12. Granular-Ball Quantum Clustering for Resource-Efficient and Robust Learning

    Sep 5, 2026Suzhen Yuan, Qilin Xie, Lifeng Shen +3ClusteringQuantum Machine Learning

    School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, State, China. · School of Artificial Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, State, China. · School of Computing, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, State, New Zealand. +3

  13. Fractal dimension predicts quantum kernel collapse in angle-encoded data

    Aug 31, 2026Ana Paula AppelQuantum Feature MapsIntrinsic Dimensionality

  14. Representation Learning with Quantum Signal Processing

    Aug 28, 2026Junqi Wang, Junyu LiuRepresentation LearningQuantum Machine Learning

    Department of Computer Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA

  15. Classical and Hybrid Quantum Machine Learning for Trigger-Like Event Selection on CMS Open Data: An Eight-Qubit, PCA-Constrained Benchmark

    Aug 26, 2026Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Awais Rafique, Talab Hussain +3Hybrid Quantum-Classical MLHigh-Energy Physics

    Centre for High Energy Physics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. · Facultad de Ciencias Físico-Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico. · Facultad de Ingeniería Eléctrica, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.

  16. When Similarity Is Interaction-Driven: Quantum Kernels for Regime-Sensitive Learning

    Aug 25, 2026Hanqiu Peng, Jianlong Lu, Ying ChenQuantum Feature MapsFeature Interaction Modeling

    Centre for Quantitative Finance, Department of Mathematics Risk Management Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore

  17. Quantum Kernel Estimation for the Discovery of Early Lung Cancer Detection

    Aug 19, 2026Hamed Javidi, Alex Zajichek, Hakan Doga +3OncologyQuantum Kernel Methods

    Department of Computational Life Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. · Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. · IBM Quantum, IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY, USA. +1

  18. Benchmarking Quantum Machine Learning for Power-System Attack Detection: Evaluation Choices Decide the Outcome Before the Models Do

    Aug 16, 2026Md Rezwanul IslamQuantum Machine LearningAdversarial Robustness

    Dhaka, Bangladesh

  19. How Quantum Is the Advantage? A Fair, Calibration- and Noise-Aware Benchmark and Attribution Audit of Quantum Machine Learning for Network Intrusion Detection

    Aug 13, 2026Syeda Anshrah Gillani, Mirza Samad Ahmed Baig, Shahid Munir Shah +2Quantum Machine LearningHybrid Quantum-Classical ML

    Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan · SZABIST University, Pakistan · Fandaqah, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia

  20. Statevector-Referenced Geometry Survival of a Four-Qubit ZZ Quantum Kernel on IBM Quantum Hardware: A Fixed-Subset Diagnostic Across Three Execution Configurations

    Jul 22, 2026Rostyslav SipakovQuantum Feature MapsQuantum Kernel Methods

    Department of Environmental Protection and Occupational Safety Technologies, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Kyiv, Ukraine

  21. A Multiclass Quantum Aligned Centroid Kernel

    Jul 22, 2026Kilian Tscharke, Pascal DebusMulticlass ClassificationQuantum Kernel Methods

    Fraunhofer Institute for Applied and Integrated Security (AISEC), 85748 Garching near Munich, Germany

  22. Balancing Expressivity and Learnability in Quantum Kernel Bandit Optimization

    Jul 1, 2026Yuqi Huang, Vincent Y. F. Tan, Sharu Theresa JoseBayesian OptimizationQuantum Kernel Methods

    Department of Mathematics, National University of Singapore, Singapore · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore · School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

  23. Active Quantum Kernel Acquisition for Gaussian Process Regression

    Jun 27, 2026Jian Xu, Artur Miroszewski, John Paisley +2Quantum Kernel MethodsGaussian Process Regression

    RIKEN iTHEMS · RIKEN AIP · European Space Agency +2

  24. Quantum Dynamic Time Warping for Multivariate Time Series Classification

    Jun 26, 2026Diego Alvarez-Estevez, Alejandro Mayorga-Redondo, Eduardo Mosqueira-ReyDynamic Time WarpingMultivariate Time Series Classification

    CITIC Research Center · Universidade da Coruña · A Coruña, 15071, Spain

  25. QBioFusion-QSAR: Morgan-Anchored Quantum Multiple Kernel Learning for Small-Data Ligand Classification

    Jun 19, 2026Azadeh Alavi, Fatemeh Kouchmeshki, Muhammad Usman +1Quantum Machine LearningQuantum Kernel Methods

    School of Computing Technologies, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia · Pattern Recognition Pty Ltd, Melbourne 3240, Australia · Data61, CSIRO, Clayton, VIC, Australia +1

  26. Effective Dimension Governs Generalization in Quantum Kernel Vision Models

    Jun 18, 2026Jian Xu, Delu Zeng, John Paisley +1Quantum Feature MapsIntrinsic Dimensionality

    RIKEN iTHEMS · RIKEN AIP · South China University of Technology +1

  27. Enhancing Quantum Machine Learning with Anyons

    Jun 15, 2026Da Zhang, Wen-Qiang Liu, Zhaohui Wei +1Quantum Machine LearningQuantum Kernel Methods

    Center for Quantum Technology Research and Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurements (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China · Department of Mathematics and Physics, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, China · Yau Mathematical Sciences Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China +1

  28. An LLM System for Autonomous Variational Quantum Circuit Design

    Jun 11, 2026Kenya Sakka, Wataru Mizukami, Kosuke MitaraiQuantum ChemistryQuantum Kernel Methods

    Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Biology, The University of Osaka, 1-2 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan · Graduate School of Engineering Science, The University of Osaka 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan

  29. Spectral Anatomy of Quantum Gaussian Process Kernels

    May 29, 2026Jian Xu, Chao Li, Guang Lin +4Nyström MethodQuantum Machine Learning

    1RIKEN iTHEMS · 2RIKEN AIP · 3South China University of Technology +1

  30. Do We Really Need Quantum Machine Learning?: A Multidimensional Empirical Study

    May 27, 2026Sudip Vhaduri, Ryan Gammon, Sayanton DibboQuantum Convolutional Neural NetworksQuantum Machine Learning

    Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama, AL 35487 · Clemson University