Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

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Overview

The field studies how to assign ordered severity levels to diabetic retinopathy, usually from color fundus photographs and sometimes from OCT or OCT angiography. Common approaches include convolutional networks, vision transformers and foundation models, with ordinal-learning methods that reflect the progression between grades; lesion detection, anatomical graphs and multimodal fusion aim to make predictions more informative. Models are compared on datasets such as APTOS, EyePACS, Messidor and DDR, using measures such as quadratic weighted kappa, sensitivity and performance across datasets. A central challenge is that strong results on one dataset may not transfer to different cameras or populations, while sparse lesion labels and uncertain predictions complicate safe screening and referral.

Latest papers

CardsList

32 papers3 papers in the last four weeks, with none the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

  1. Knowledge distillation across teacher architectures for compact diabetic retinopathy grading

    Oct 25, 2026Mossa Manisa, Habiba Jahan Priya, A. K. M. Fakhrul HossainKnowledge DistillationCross-Architecture Knowledge Distillation

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh

  2. CF-NODE: Counterfactual Spatial Node Intervention for Test-Time Adaptation Under Domain Shift, Evaluated Across Five Diabetic Retinopathy Datasets

    Oct 15, 2026Sabarish G, Deepak ParasharTest-Time AdaptationDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

  3. HierarchiRetina: A Diabetic Retinopathy Screening and Grading Cascade with Heterogeneous Mixture-of-Experts Lesion Segmentation

    Oct 13, 2026Md Asif Uddin, Niloy Farhan, Rafeed Rahman +1Diabetic Retinopathy GradingRetinal Disease Classification

    The authors are with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  4. Explainable Diabetic Retinopathy Classification Using Vision Foundation Models

    Aug 28, 2026Abhishek Verma, Anila Krishna, Abhishek Gajanan Bankar +1Retinal Disease ClassificationMedical Image Classification

    Department of Health Services Research, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Oldenburg, Germany

  5. ORViT-DR: Ordinally-Robust Hybrid ViT for Low-Resolution Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Aug 16, 2026Soumit Kumar Kundu, Nabil Ashab, Bidhan Biswas +4Diabetic Retinopathy GradingHybrid CNN-Transformer Architectures

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Dhaka International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh · KUET, Khulna, Bangladesh · Bangladesh Bank, Dhaka, Bangladesh

  6. Multi-Channel Feature Fusion and Monte Carlo Dropout for Uncertainty-Aware Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Aug 15, 2026Saksham KumarDiabetic Retinopathy GradingRetinal Disease Classification

    Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India

  7. PARAGraph: Pathology-Anatomy-Aware Hierarchical Graph for Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Aug 8, 2026Ziyang Zhang, Yuankai Huo, Yalin Zheng +1Graph Neural NetworksDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Vanderbilt University, USA · University of Liverpool, UK

  8. Representation Transfer of Foundation Models for Ultra-Widefield Retinal Imaging

    Aug 1, 2026Mingya Alexa Gong, Da Ma, Lovre Antonio Budimir +7Medical Imaging Foundation ModelsDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom · Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA · Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Blacksburg, VA, USA +5

  9. OrthKD: Extracting Generalized Clinical Knowledge from Heterogeneous Teachers for Lightweight Deployment

    Jul 28, 2026Yi Xu, Cheng Chen, Mufan CaoDiabetic Retinopathy GradingSelective Knowledge Distillation

    Tongji University, Shanghai, China

  10. PRISM-DR: Per-lesion Retinal Inference with Specialist Models for Diabetic Retinopathy

    Jul 22, 2026Zübeyr Özeren, Tansel UyarMedical Image Object DetectionDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Baskent University, Ankara, Türkiye · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye

  11. Causal-RetiGraph: Cross-Cohort Retinal Support and Same-Subject Pathway Analysis for Diabetic Retinopathy

    Jul 6, 2026Inam Ullah, Imran Razzak, Shoaib JameelCausal Mediation AnalysisDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    University of Southampton Southampton, United Kingdom · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence United Arab Emirates

  12. Cross-Modal Fusion of OCT and OCT angiography enface for Improved Diagnostics of Diabetic Retinopathy

    Jul 4, 2026Rashadul Hasan Badhon, Atalie Carina Thompson, Jennifer I. Lim +2Diabetic Retinopathy GradingOptical Coherence Tomography

  13. Model Confidence-Guided Multi-Image Fusion of Fundus Images for Diabetic Retinopathy Diagnosis

    Jul 3, 2026Ananya Raghu, Anisha Raghu, Alice S. Tang +3Multi-Source Image FusionSelective Prediction

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA · Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA · Wilmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA +3

  14. Uncertainty-Aware Last-Layer Adaptation of RETFound for Referable Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Under Dataset Shift

    Jun 30, 2026Karim MardhaniBayesian Neural NetworksDistribution Shift Robustness

    University of Colorado Boulder Boulder, CO, USA

  15. A Dual Edge Spatial Jacobian Image Graph for Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Jun 23, 2026Inam Ullah, Imran Razzak, Shoaib JameelGraph Representation LearningDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    University of Southampton Southampton, United Kingdom · Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

  16. Bridging the Rural Healthcare Gap: A Cascaded Edge-Cloud Architecture for Automated Retinal Screening

    May 13, 2026Nishi Doshi, Shrey ShahDiabetic Retinopathy GradingEdge-Cloud Computing

    University of Southern California · Los Angeles, USA

  17. Diabetic Retinopathy Classification using Downscaling Algorithms and Deep Learning

    May 12, 2026Nishi Doshi, Urvi Oza, Pankaj KumarDiabetic Retinopathy GradingConvolutional Neural Networks

  18. Cross-Modal Semantic-Enhanced Diffusion Framework for Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

    May 10, 2026Yiqun WangDiabetic Retinopathy GradingMedical VLMs

    Beijing Jiaotong University · School of Software Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing, China

  19. FQPDR: Federated Quantum Neural Network for Privacy-preserving Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy

    May 8, 2026Debashis De, Mahua Nandy Pal, Dipankar HazraDiabetic Retinopathy GradingQuantum Machine Learning

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, MCKV Institute of Engineering, West Bengal · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, OmDayal Group of Institutions, West Bengal

  20. Retina-RAG: Retrieval-Augmented Vision-Language Modeling for Joint Retinal Diagnosis and Clinical Report Generation

    May 7, 2026Abdelrahman Zaian, Sheethal Bhat, Mohamed Abdalkader +1Diabetic Retinopathy GradingMedical Report Generation

    Friedrich-Alexander-Universität, Germany

  21. From Pixels to Explanations: Interpretable Diabetic Retinopathy Grading with CNN-Transformer Ensembles, Visual Explainability and Vision-Language Models

    Apr 25, 2026Pir Bakhsh Khokhar, Carmine Gravino, Fabio Palomba +2Diabetic Retinopathy GradingDeep Ensembles

    Department of Informatics, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084, Salerno, Italy · Department of Information Security and Communication Technology (IIK), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Gjøvik, 2815, Norway

  22. Robust Diabetic Retinopathy Grading Using Dual-Resolution Attention-Based Deep Learning with Ordinal Regression

    Apr 19, 2026Afshan HashmiDiabetic Retinopathy GradingMulti-Scale Feature Fusion

    Tuwaiq Academy, Tuwaiq Research and Development Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

  23. From Retinal Evidence to Safe Decisions: RETINA-SAFE and ECRT for Hallucination Risk Triage in Medical LLMs

    Apr 7, 2026Zhe Yu, Wenpeng Xing, Meng HanHallucination DetectionLLM Hallucination Detection

    Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China · Communication University of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China · Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

  24. Managing Diabetic Retinopathy with Deep Learning: A Data Centric Overview

    Apr 2, 2026Shramana Dey, Zahir Khan, T. A. PramodKumar +5Medical Image BenchmarksDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India · Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialties Centre, Madras Diabetes Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India · Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, West Bengal, India +1

  25. Diabetic Retinopathy Grading with CLIP-based Ranking-Aware Adaptation:A Comparative Study on Fundus Image

    Mar 12, 2026Sungjun ChoDiabetic Retinopathy GradingRetinal Disease Classification

    Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Hong Kong, China

  26. Exploring Deep Learning and Ultra-Widefield Imaging for Diabetic Retinopathy and Macular Edema

    Mar 9, 2026Pablo Jimenez-Lizcano, Sergio Romero-Tapiador, Ruben Tolosana +4Diabetic Retinopathy GradingFundus Imaging

    BiometricsAI, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain · Department of Mathematics, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain · HCTLab Research Group, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

  27. Weakly Supervised Patch Annotation for Improved Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy

    Mar 4, 2026Shramana Dey, Abhirup Banerjee, B. Uma Shankar +2Weakly Supervised LearningDiabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata, West Bengal, India · Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom · Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford Oxford, United Kingdom +2

  28. Ordinal Diffusion Models for Color Fundus Images

    Feb 27, 2026Gustav Schmidt, Philipp Berens, Sarah MüllerDiffusion-Based Image GenerationDiffusion Models

    Hertie Institute for AI in Brain Health, University of Tübingen, Germany

  29. Learning to Fuse and Reconstruct Multi-View Graphs for Diabetic Retinopathy Grading

    Feb 25, 2026Haoran Li, Yuxin Lin, Huan Wang +9Diabetic Retinopathy GradingMulti-View Learning

    Department of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia · ARC Centre of Excellence for the Weather of the 21st Century · Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Visual Object Detection and Recognition, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China +8

  30. Mobile-Ready Automated Triage of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Digital Fundus Images

    Feb 25, 2026Aadi Joshi, Manav S. Sharma, Vijay Uttam Rathod +3Diabetic Retinopathy GradingMedical Image Classification

    Vishwakarma Institute Of Technology, Computer Engineering Department, Pune , India · Vishwakarma Institute Of Technology, Computer Science and Engineering (AI & ML ) Department, Pune , India