Fault Diagnosis

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Overview

Fault diagnosis studies how to detect abnormal behavior, identify its source and severity, and provide evidence that can guide repair in systems such as machinery, power grids, vehicles, networks, and software. Common approaches learn patterns from vibration, electrical signals, images, or logs using classifiers, anomaly detectors, and graph or sequence models; physics-based models, digital twins, causal graphs, and knowledge retrieval can add structure when data are scarce or explanations matter. Recent systems also use language-model agents to investigate incidents and communicate findings, often alongside explicit checks that ground conclusions in telemetry or maintenance records. Strong results on known faults and benchmark data do not always carry over to new operating conditions or unseen failures, making reliable evaluation, uncertainty handling, and real-world validation central challenges.

Latest papers

CardsList

147 papers17 papers in the last four weeks, up 21% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. SDVDiag: Using Context-Aware Causality Mining for the Diagnosis of Connected Vehicle Functions

    Apr 3, 2026Matthias Weiß, Falk Dettinger, Elias Detrois +2Fault DiagnosisCausal Discovery

    Institute of Industrial Automation and Software Engineering (IAS), University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 47, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany

  2. An Intelligent Fault Diagnosis Method for General Aviation Aircraft Based on Multi-Fidelity Digital Twin and FMEA Knowledge Enhancement

    Apr 3, 2026Zhihuan Wei, Yang Hu, Xinhang Chen +3Fault DiagnosisDigital Twins

    Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, China · School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China · School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China +1

  3. LiteInception: A Lightweight and Interpretable Deep Learning Framework for General Aviation Fault Diagnosis

    Apr 2, 2026Zhihuan Wei, Xinhang Chen, Danyang Han +4Fault DiagnosisEdge Inference

    Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, China · School of Reliability and Systems Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China · Science and Technology on Complex Aviation System Simulation Laboratory, Beijing, China +1

  4. SynForceNet: A Force-Driven Global-Local Latent Representation Framework for Lithium-Ion Battery Fault Diagnosis

    Mar 24, 2026Rongxiu Chen, Yuting SuFault DiagnosisOnline Anomaly Detection

    SINO-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China

  5. MetaKube: An Experience-Aware LLM Framework for Kubernetes Failure Diagnosis

    Mar 24, 2026Wei Sun, Ting Wang, Xinran Tian +4Fault DiagnosisContinual Learning for LLMs

    School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute, Shenzhen, China · Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute, Shenzhen, China · China Mobile Communications Group Guangdong Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China

  6. JFTA-Bench: Evaluate LLM's Ability of Tracking and Analyzing Malfunctions Using Fault Trees

    Mar 24, 2026Yuhui Wang, Zhixiong Yang, Ming Zhang +10LLM EvaluationMulti-Turn Dialogue Evaluation

    1Fudan University

  7. A Heterogeneous Long-Micro Scale Cascading Architecture for General Aviation Health Management

    Mar 24, 2026Xinhang Chen, Zhihuan Wei, Yang Hu +3Fault DiagnosisPredictive Maintenance

  8. HEP Statistical Inference for UAV Fault Detection: CLs, LRT, and SBI Applied to Blade Damage

    Mar 19, 2026KhushiyantLikelihood Ratio TestingFault Detection

    Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg

  9. Learning to Predict, Discover, and Reason in High-Cardinality Event Sequences

    Mar 17, 2026Hugo MathFault DiagnosisPredictive Maintenance

    Faculty of Applied Computer Science, University of Augsburg

  10. Evidence-Driven Reasoning for Industrial Maintenance Using Heterogeneous Data

    Mar 9, 2026Fearghal O'Donncha, Nianjun Zhou, Natalia Martinez +4Evidence-Grounded ReasoningAI-Assisted Decision Making

    IBM Research Europe, Ireland · IBM Research Yorktown, USA · Imperial College London, UK

  11. An explainable hybrid deep learning-enabled intelligent fault detection and diagnosis approach for automotive software systems validation

    Mar 9, 2026Mohammad Abboush, Ehab Ghannoum, Andreas RauschFault DiagnosisFault Localization

    Technische Universität Clausthal, Institute for Software and Systems Engineering, Arnold-Sommerfeld-Straße 1, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, 38678, Niedersachsen, Germany

  12. S2S-FDD: Bridging Industrial Time Series and Natural Language for Explainable Zero-shot Fault Diagnosis

    Mar 9, 2026Baoxue Li, Chunhui ZhaoFault DiagnosisIndustrial Fault Diagnosis

    State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China · School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, China

  13. Toward Multimodal Industrial Fault Analysis: A Single-Speed Chain Conveyor Dataset with Audio and Vibration Signals

    Mar 7, 2026Zhang Chen, Yucong Zhang, Xiaoxiao Miao +1Industrial Fault DiagnosisFault Detection

    Digital Innovation Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China · School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China +1

  14. Bi-directional digital twin prototype anchoring with multi-periodicity learning for few-shot fault diagnosis

    Mar 7, 2026Pengcheng Xia, Zhichao Dong, Yixiang Huang +3Fault DiagnosisIndustrial Fault Diagnosis

    State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China

  15. A SISA-based Machine Unlearning Framework for Power Transformer Inter-Turn Short-Circuit Fault Localization

    Mar 7, 2026Nanhong Liu, Jingyi Yan, Mucun Sun +1Machine UnlearningFault Localization

    The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA · Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, USA

  16. CLAIRE: Compressed Latent Autoencoder for Industrial Representation and Evaluation -- A Deep Learning Framework for Smart Manufacturing

    Mar 6, 2026Mohammadhossein Ghahramani, Mengchu ZhouSmart ManufacturingIndustrial Fault Diagnosis

    Birmingham City University, UK · the Helen and John C. Hartmann Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA

  17. Polarized Direct Cross-Attention Message Passing in GNNs for Machinery Fault Diagnosis

    Mar 6, 2026Zongyu Shi, Laibin Zhang, Maoyin ChenGraph Neural NetworksFault Diagnosis

    Department of Automation, College of Artificial Intelligence, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102299, China · Department of Safety Engineering, College of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102299, China

  18. FaultXformer: A Transformer-Encoder Based Fault Classification and Location Identification model in PMU-Integrated Active Electrical Distribution System

    Feb 27, 2026Kriti Thakur, Alivelu Manga Parimi, Mayukha PalPower System Fault DiagnosisFault Localization

    ABB Ability Innovation Center, Asea Brown Boveri Company, Hyderabad, 500084, Telangana, India · Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani- Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, Telangana, India

  19. Multi-Condition Digital Twin Calibration for Axial Piston Pumps : Compound Fault Simulation

    Feb 27, 2026Chang Dong, Jianfeng Tao, Chengliang LiuDigital TwinsFault Diagnosis

    State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

  20. Data-Driven Supervision of a Thermal-Hydraulic Process Towards a Physics-Based Digital Twin

    Feb 25, 2026Osimone Imhogiemhe, Yoann Jus, Hubert Lejeune +1Fault DetectionProcess Supervision

    LS2N, LS2N - équipe SIMS, Nantes Univ - ECN · Nantes Univ., Centrale Nantes LS2N, CNRS UMR 6004 F-44000 Nantes, France · Cetim +1

  21. Explainability for Fault Detection System in Chemical Processes

    Feb 18, 2026Georgios Gravanis, Dimitrios Kyriakou, Spyros Voutetakis +2Industrial Fault DiagnosisFault Diagnosis

    Department of Information and Electronic Engineering, International Hellenic University, Greece · Chemical Process and Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Greece · Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, International Hellenic University, Greece

  22. Axle Sensor Fusion for Online Continual Wheel Fault Detection in Wayside Railway Monitoring

    Feb 18, 2026Afonso Lourenço, Francisca Osório, Diogo Risca +1Fault DiagnosisOnline Anomaly Detection

    GECAD, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, Porto, 4249-015, Portugal

  23. Automated Multi-Source Debugging and Natural Language Error Explanation for Dashboard Applications

    Feb 17, 2026Devendra Tata, Mona RajhansFault DiagnosisAutomated Software Engineering

    Palo Alto Networks

  24. AgentRx: Diagnosing AI Agent Failures from Execution Trajectories

    Feb 2, 2026Shraddha Barke, Arnav Goyal, Alind Khare +3Fault DiagnosisAI Agent Reliability

    1Microsoft Research · 2Microsoft · 3UIUC

  25. ProDER: A Continual Learning Approach for Fault Classification and Localization in Evolving Smart Grids

    Nov 7, 2025Emad Efatinasab, Nahal Azadi, Davide Dalle Pezze +3Replay-Based Continual LearningPrototype-Based Classification

    Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova. · School of Computing, Newcastle University.

  26. RoboFAC: A Comprehensive Framework for Robotic Failure Analysis and Correction

    May 18, 2025Zewei Ye, Weifeng Lu, Minghao Ye +4Robot Failure RecoveryRobustness of VLA Models

    School of AI, Shanghai Jiao Tong University · Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen

  27. Prognostics for Autonomous Deep-Space Habitat Health Management under Multiple Unknown Failure Modes

    Nov 19, 2024Benjamin Peters, Ayush Mohanty, Xiaolei Fang +2RUL EstimationFault Diagnosis

    University of Texas at Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA · Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA · North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA +1