Gender Bias in Language Models

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5 papers in the last four weeks, against 2 the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

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Acmite: Mitigating Gender Bias in LLMs through Concept-Guided Mutual Information
Oct 1, 2026Tian Lan, Xiaoqing Cheng, Han Zhang +1Gender Bias in Language Models Debiased ML
Kyoto University · Zhejiang University · Shanghai Jiao Tong University +1
Gender bias across LLMs is common and highly heterogeneous
Sep 29, 2026Edoardo Bolzoni, Valerio CapraroGender Bias in Language Models LLM Auditing
University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
Harm Laundering in GPT Models: Evidence That Gender Discrimination Is Transformed Rather Than Reduced Across Safety-Trained Generations
Sep 17, 2026Sarah Wyer, Sue Black, Noura Al MoubayedGender Bias in Language Models Language Model Safety Evaluation
Durham University
Linguistic Triggers of Gender and Racial Bias in Open-Weight LLMs Applied to Recruitment
Sep 16, 2026Kosuke Kitahara, Nobuhiro YamaguchiGender Bias in Language Models AI-Assisted Decision Making
Recruit Co., Ltd. 1-9-2 Marunouchi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-6640 Japan
How Humans and LLMs Read Gender into "Gender-Neutral" Physical Descriptions
Sep 14, 2026Yingjia Wan, Lin Lin, Elisa KreissGender Bias in Language Models Language Model Bias Evaluation
Department of Communication University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) · Department of Computer Science University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA)
It's How You Ask: Gender-Associated Linguistic Bias in LLMs
Aug 13, 2026Katherine Van Koevering, Anjalie FieldGender Bias in Language Models Social Bias in Language Models
Data Science and AI Institute Johns Hopkins University · Computer Science Department Johns Hopkins University
How Do Large Language Models Judge Social Attraction? Evidence from Theory-Grounded Persona Ratings Across Multiple LLMs and Humans
Aug 10, 2026Hasan Mahmud, Khawaja Abaid Ullah, Mohammad Javad Khojasteh +2Human Preference Evaluation Gender Bias in Language Models
School of Communication, Rochester Institute of Technology · Department of Electrical and Microelectronic Engineering, Kate Gleason College of Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester, NY 14623, USA
Unequal Verdicts: Investigating Gender Bias in LLM-Based Fake News Detection
Aug 4, 2026Razieh Chalehchaleh, Reza Farahbakhsh, Noel CrespiGender Bias in Language Models Fake News Detection
SAMOVAR, Télécom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91120 Palaiseau, France
Symphony of Bias: Exploring Gender Associations with Musical Instruments in Multimodal LLMs
Jul 29, 2026Farhan Farsi, Shayan Bali, Mohammad Heydari Rad +2Gender Bias in Language Models Multimodal Large Language Models
Amirkabir University of Technology · King’s College London · University of Tehran +1
LoRA for Gender-Inclusive Rewriting and Activation Steering for Counter-Narrative Generation
Jul 25, 2026Akhil Rajeev P, Manoj Balaji JGender Bias in Language Models Language Model Steering
C-DAC, Bangalore · Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
Evaluating and Mitigating Gender Bias in Pre-trained Embeddings for ML-based Recruitment
Jul 22, 2026Farnaz Faramarzi Lighvan, Lynn HouthuysGender Bias in Language Models Algorithmic Fairness
AI Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
Estimating Grammatical Gender Directions in Contextual Embeddings under Controlled and Natural Contexts
Jun 29, 2026Huanping Xiao, Yingji LiGender Bias in Language Models Representation Disentanglement
College of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China · College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
Can LLMs Hire Fairly? Racial Bias in Resume Screening
Jun 27, 2026Zhenyu Gao, Wenxi Jiang, Yutong YanGender Bias in Language Models Social Bias in Language Models
Department of Finance, CUHK Business School, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Gender Bias in LLM Hiring Decisions: Evidence from a Japanese Context and Evaluation of Mitigation Strategies
Jun 17, 2026Serena A. Hoffstedde, Machiko Hirota, Akshara Nadayanur Sathis Kanna +4Gender Bias in Language Models AI-Assisted Decision Making
Shibaura Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan · Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands · University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA +2
Contaminated Collaboration: Measuring Gender Bias Transfer in LLM-Assisted Student Writing
Jun 14, 2026Ariyan Hossain, Kazi Kamruzzaman Rabbi, Farig Sadeque +1Gender Bias in Language Models Generative AI in Education
Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
A Two-Stage Statistical Framework for Evaluating Associative Interference in Large Language Models
Jun 12, 2026Achraf Cohen, Andrew KincaidGender Bias in Language Models Language Model Bias Evaluation
Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of West Florida
Harsher on Male? Evaluating LLMs on Gender-Asymmetric Moral Framing Across Diverse Conflict Scenarios
Jun 12, 2026Guangzong Si, Dong Wang, Zhenhao Li +3Gender Bias in Language Models Moral Reasoning in Language Models
University of Science and Technology of China · Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo
Beyond Third-Person Audits: Situated Interaction Auditing for User-Centered LLM Bias Research
Jun 10, 2026Andrés Abeliuk, Cinthia Sanchez Macias, Valentina Alarcón +2Gender Bias in Language Models Social Bias in Language Models
Department of Computer Science University of Chile Center for Artificial Intelligence (CENIA) Santiago, Chile · Center for Artificial Intelligence (CENIA) Santiago, Chile · Institute of Sociology Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago, Chile
Neutrality Bites: Gender Representation in AI-Generated Animal Stories
Jun 6, 2026Imani Finkley, Yuanxi Li, Melanie WalshGender Bias in Language Models Social Bias in Language Models
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Gender-Dependent Diagnostic Substitution in LLM Medical Triage: Same Symptoms, Unequal Urgency
Jun 2, 2026Qi Han WongGender Bias in Language Models Clinical Triage
Do Gender Cues Affect LLM Value Trade-offs? Evidence from a Controlled Decision Benchmark
Jun 1, 2026Yangyang Liu, Dong Yu, Pengyuan LiuGender Bias in Language Models Moral Reasoning in Language Models
Beijing Language and Culture University
Anchoring LLM Gender Bias to Human Baselines: A Cross-Lingual Audit
May 29, 2026Jiwoo Choi, Seonwoo Ahn, Tongxin Zhang +1Gender Bias in Language Models Multilingual Language Model Evaluation
School of Digital Humanities and Computational Social Sciences, KAIST, South Korea
Neuron-Level Interventions for Gendered and Gender-Neutral Generation in Language Models
May 29, 2026Zhiwen You, Nafiseh Nikeghbal, Jana DiesnerGender Bias in Language Models LLM Interpretability
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · Technical University of Munich · Munich Center for Machine Learning
GRUFF: LLM Pronoun Fidelity, Reasoning, and Biases in German
May 28, 2026Fabian Mewes, Anne Lauscher, Vagrant GautamGender Bias in Language Models Linguistic Bias in Language Models
JobMatchMe GmbH, Germany · Trustworthy AI Lab, University of Hamburg, Germany · Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies, Germany
Insidious by Design: Implications of Large Language Model algorithmic bias for the Global South
May 26, 2026Sioux McKenna, Nompilo TshumaGender Bias in Language Models Cultural Bias in Language Models
Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa · Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
Mechanics of Bias and Reasoning: Interpreting the Impact of Chain-of-Thought Prompting on Gender Bias in LLMs
May 19, 2026Edie Pearman, Sophia Osborne, Mira Kandlikar-Bloch +3Gender Bias in Language Models LLM Interpretability
1Mila – Quebec AI Institute, Montreal, Canada · 2McGill University, Montreal, Canada · 3HEC Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Towards Trust Calibration in Socially Interactive Agents: Investigating Gendered Multimodal Behaviors Generation with LLMs
May 19, 2026Lucie Galland, Chloé Clavel, Magalie OchsGender Bias in Language Models Trust in AI
LIS Laboratory, Amu · Marseille, France · Inria Paris +1
GKnow: Measuring the Entanglement of Gender Bias and Factual Gender
May 12, 2026Leonor Veloso, Hinrich SchützeGender Bias in Language Models LLM Interpretability
Center for Information and Language Processing, LMU Munich · Munich Center for Machine Learning (MCML)
Is She Even Relevant? When BERT Ignores Explicit Gender Cues
May 8, 2026Jonas Klein, Chiara Manna, Eva VanmassenhoveLanguage Model Pretraining Gender Bias in Language Models
Department of Computational Cognitive Science, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB Tilburg, Netherlands
EQUITRIAGE: A Fairness Audit of Gender Bias in LLM-Based Emergency Department Triage
May 5, 2026Richard J. Young, Alice M. MatthewsGender Bias in Language Models Clinical Triage
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Lee Business School, Las Vegas, NV, USA · DeepNeuro AI, Las Vegas, NV, USA · Concorde Career Colleges, Dept. of Cardiovascular and Medical Diagnostic Sonography
Personality Shapes Gender Bias in Persona-Conditioned LLM Narratives Across English and Hindi: An Empirical Investigation
Apr 26, 2026Tanay Kumar, Shreya Gautam, Aman Chadha +2Gender Bias in Language Models Language Model Bias Evaluation
PolitecnicodiMilano · Apple · Meta
Whose Story Gets Told? Positionality and Bias in LLM Summaries of Life Narratives
Apr 22, 2026Melanie Subbiah, Haaris Mian, Nicholas Deas +3Gender Bias in Language Models LLM Auditing
Department of Computer Science, Columbia University · Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University · Department of Psychology, Northwestern University
VIBE: Voice-Induced open-ended Bias Evaluation for Large Audio-Language Models via Real-World Speech
Apr 19, 2026Yi-Cheng Lin, Yusuke Hirota, Sung-Feng Huang +1Audio-Language Model Evaluation Gender Bias in Language Models
Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan · NVIDIA Research NVIDIA Taipei, Taiwan · AI Center of Research Excellence National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan
SPAGBias: Uncovering and Tracing Structured Spatial Gender Bias in Large Language Models
Apr 16, 2026Binxian Su, Haoye Lou, Shucheng Zhu +4Gender Bias in Language Models Language Model Bias Evaluation
School of Information Science, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, China · 2Libraries, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China · School of Humanities, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China +2
Evaluating Implicit Biases in LLM Reasoning through Logic Grid Puzzles
Nov 8, 2025Fatima Jahara, Mark Dredze, Sharon LevyGender Bias in Language Models Language Model Bias Evaluation
Rutgers University · Johns Hopkins University
Man Made Language Models? Evaluating LLMs' Perpetuation of Masculine Generics Bias
Feb 14, 2025Enzo Doyen, Amalia TodirascuGender Bias in Language Models Language Model Bias Evaluation
University of Strasbourg
General Phrase Debiaser: Debiasing Masked Language Models at a Multi-Token Level
Nov 23, 2023Bingkang Shi, Xiaodan Zhang, Dehan Kong +4Gender Bias in Language Models Debiased ML
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Information Engineering, Beijing 100093, China · Alibaba Group, Alibaba Artificial Intelligence Governance Laboratory, Beijing, China · University of Bristol, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Bristol, BS8 1UB, UK
Alignment Reduces Expressed but Not Encoded Gender Bias: A Unified Framework and Study
Date pendingNour Bouchouchi, Thibault Laugel, Xavier Renard +3Gender Bias in Language Models LLM Alignment
Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LIP6, F-75005 Paris, France · AXA, Paris, France · Polish Academy of Science, IBS PAN, Warsaw, Poland

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Acmite: Mitigating Gender Bias in LLMs through Concept-Guided Mutual Information

Tian Lan, Xiaoqing Cheng, Han Zhang, Jiang Li

Kyoto University · Zhejiang University · Shanghai Jiao Tong University+1

Gender Bias in Language Models Debiased ML Social Bias in Language Models

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Large language models (LLMs) can reproduce social stereotypes from their training data, motivating extensive research on model debiasing. However, existing methods often rely on explicit biased examples or predefined group-term substitutions, making them sensitive to wording and less effective at capturing stereotype concepts shared across diverse contexts. More importantly, they typically suppress biased outputs without explicitly modeling the statistical dependence between model outputs and the underlying stereotype concepts. We propose Acmite, a lightweight concept-guided framework for targeted and selective debiasing. Acmite represents stereotypes as structured semantic concepts and uses maximal marginal relevance (MMR) to select diverse concepts for debiasing. Inspired by mutual information minimization, it approximates this dependence with token-level KL divergence while preserving task semantics. A lightweight LoRA adapter is trained with the base model frozen and activated at inference time only when the input is sufficiently similar to stereotype-related concepts; otherwise, the original model is used directly. We evaluate Acmite on BBQ, CrowS-Pairs, and StereoSet, and assess general capability preservation on ARC-Challenge, GSM8K, and PIQA. Experiments across three LLMs show that Acmite effectively mitigates gender bias across complementary evaluation formats while maintaining competitive performance on bias-unrelated tasks. Anonymous code and data are available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/Acmite-18E2/.

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