Image Classification

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Overview

Image classification studies how to assign one or more labels to an image, supporting applications from species identification and medical diagnosis to document processing and remote sensing. Common approaches include convolutional neural networks, vision transformers, and pretrained vision-language models, trained with supervised, self-supervised, transfer, or few-shot learning. Researchers also develop data augmentation, hierarchical prediction, uncertainty estimation, and efficient models for settings such as ImageNet, corruption benchmarks, and specialized domain datasets. A central challenge is that strong accuracy on standard test sets may not transfer under distribution shifts or reveal reliance on spurious cues, while improving robustness, calibration, and efficiency can involve trade-offs.

Latest papers

CardsList

390 papers29 papers in the last four weeks, down 34% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. MinhwaNet: Faithful but Insufficient Object Grounding in Korean Folk Painting

    May 26, 2026Joonhyung BaeMultimodal GroundingMultimodal Classification

    Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), South Korea · Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea

  2. Multi-Modal Building Inspection via Perceiver IO Fusion of Satellite and Street-Level Imagery

    May 25, 2026Niels Sombekke, Rob G. J. Wijnhoven, Martin R. OswaldRemote Sensing Image UnderstandingMulti-Source Image Fusion

    University of Amsterdam (UvA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands · Spotr, The Hague, The Netherlands

  3. Learning from Semantic Dictionaries: Discriminative Codebook Contrastive Learning for Unified Visual Representation and Generation

    May 24, 2026Imanol G. Estepa, Jesús M Rodríguez-de-Vera, Bhalaji Nagarajan +1Contrastive LearningImage Generation

    1Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain · 2Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain

  4. Divide-and-Conquer Inference for Large-Scale Visual Recognition with Multimodal Large Language Models

    May 24, 2026Zhipeng Ye, Jiaqi Huang, Feng Jiang +5Efficient Multimodal InferenceMultimodal Large Language Models

    Taizhou Institute of Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China · Department of Intelligence Science, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China · Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A1, Ontario, Canada +1

  5. HCL-FF: Hierarchical and Contrastive Learning for Forward-Forward Algorithm

    May 24, 2026Jie-En Yao, Hong-En Chen, C. -C. Jay KuoHierarchical Representation LearningForward-Forward Learning

    University of Southern California

  6. Pruning Deep Neural Networks via the Marchenko--Pastur Distribution

    May 23, 2026Leonid Berlyand, Theo Bourdais, Houman Owhadi +1Structured PruningSparse Neural Networks

    Department of Mathematics Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA 16802, USA · Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences California Institute of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

  7. Gaussian Rank-Based Neighborhood Degree for Graph Neural Networks in Image Classification

    May 23, 2026Rafael Mendonça Duarte, Jean Roberto Ponciano, Lucas Pascotti ValemGraph Neural NetworksGraph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning

    Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science (ICMC) University of São Paulo (USP) São Carlos – SP – Brazil

  8. Machine learning applied to emerald gemstone grading: framework proposal and creation of a public dataset

    May 22, 2026FB Pena, D Crabi, Sandro C Izidoro +2Automated GradingImage Classification

    Laboratory of Robotics, Intelligent and Complex Systems (RobSIC) - Institutc of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Itajubd (UNIFED), Itabira, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil · Department of Academic Informatics (DAINF), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Pato Branco, State of Parana, Brazil

  9. Recursive Block-Diagonal Coupling for Resource-Efficient Training of Vision Models

    May 22, 2026Maxim Henry, Adrien Deliège, Sébastien Piérard +1Deep Learning OptimizationEfficient ViTs

    Montefiore Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium

  10. Planktonzilla: Multimodal dataset and models for understanding plankton ecosystems

    May 22, 2026Alan Gerson Contreras Montanares, Luis Valenzuela, Luis Martí +1Vision-Language ModelsVision Foundation Models

    Inria Chile Research Center · Inria — Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies du numérique · Av. Apoquindo 2827, Las Condes 7550268 Chile.

  11. Slimmable ConvNeXt: Width-Adaptive Inference for Efficient Multi-Device Deployment

    May 21, 2026Janek Haberer, Jon Eike Wilhelm, Olaf LandsiedelEfficient Neural Network InferenceAdaptive Inference

    Kiel University, Germany · Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH), Germany · UNU-INWEH, Germany

  12. Algebraic Machine Learning for Small-to-Medium Datasets Is Competitive against Strong Standard Baselines

    May 21, 2026David Mendez, Fernando Martin-Maroto, Gonzalo G. de PolaviejaClassificationImage Classification

    Mathematics of Behavior and Intelligence Lab, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon

  13. TextTeacher: What Can Language Teach About Images?

    May 21, 2026Tobias Christian Nauen, Stanislav Frolov, Brian Bernhard Moser +3Cross-Modal Knowledge DistillationVisual Representation Learning

    RPTU University Kaiserslautern-Landau · German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI)

  14. Winfree Oscillatory Neural Network

    May 20, 2026Jiawen Dai, Yue SongDynamic Neural NetworksOscillatory Neural Networks

    3Shanghai Jiao Tong University · 1Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute · College of AI, Tsinghua University

  15. FruitEnsemble: MLLM-Guided Arbitration for Heterogeneous ensemble in Fine-Grained Fruit Recognition

    May 20, 2026Enhui Yu, Junhui Li, Ruitong Lu +2Agricultural Image AnalysisEnsemble Learning

    University of Science and Technology Liaoning · Chuzhou University · Yeshiva University

  16. Activation-Free Backbones for Image Recognition: Polynomial Alternatives within MetaFormer-Style Vision Models

    May 20, 2026Jeffrey Wang, Jonathan Gregory, Grigorios G. ChrysosPolynomial Neural NetworksNeural Network Activation Functions

    University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, USA.

  17. MAPS: A Synthetic Dataset for Probing Vision Models in a Controlled 3D Scene Space

    May 19, 2026Santiago Galella, Pamela Osuna-Vargas, Maren Wehrheim +3Image Classification

    FIAS & Institute of Computer Science · York University · Mila & Department of Biology +1

  18. Harnessing Self-Supervised Features for Art Classification

    May 18, 2026Federico Melis, Davide Bilardello, Emanuele Prato +2Vision Foundation ModelsSelf-Supervised Visual Representation Learning

    University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy

  19. Community-aware evaluation and threshold calibration for open-set plankton image recognition

    May 15, 2026Xi Chen, Eryuan Huang, Yingjun Xiao +1Open-Set RecognitionOOD Detection

    School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China · School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China · School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China +5

  20. Pretraining Objective Matters in Extreme Low-Data FGVC: A Backbone-Controlled Study

    May 15, 2026Alexander Hackett, Srikanth Thudumu, Ginny Fisher +1Contrastive LearningMasked Autoencoders

    Santa Clara University · IAAIR

  21. Semantic Smoothing via Novel View Synthesis for Robust SAR Image Classification

    May 15, 2026Daniel Brignac, Fengwei Tian, Banafsheh Latibari +2Adversarial RobustnessAdversarial Attacks

    The University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona, United States

  22. When Does Sparse MoE Help in Vision? The Role of Backbone Compute Leverage in Sparse Routing

    May 15, 2026Libo Sun, Po-wei Harn, Peixiong He +1Sparse Mixture-of-ExpertsExpert Routing

    Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA · Department of Information Management National Central University, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan · Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University

  23. Hybrid Quantum-MambaVision: A Quantum-enhanced State Space Model for Calibrated Mixed-type Wafer Defect Detection

    May 13, 2026Satwik Sai Prakash Sahoo, Jyoti Prakash Sahoo, Ting Wang +1Multi-Label ClassificationHybrid Quantum-Classical ML

    Odisha University of Technology and Research, Bhubaneswar, India · National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan · East China Normal University, Shanghai, China +1

  24. CADS: Conformal Adaptive Decision System for Cost-Efficient Image Classification

    May 12, 2026Mikael Turkoglu, Tim Bary, Vincent Thielens +2Adaptive InferenceCost-Aware Inference

    1ICTEAM, UCLouvain, Belgium · 2SAFiR Lab, Univ. of Sherbrooke, Canada · 3Univ. of Mons, Belgium

  25. Spectral Vision Transformer for Efficient Tokenization with Limited Data

    May 12, 2026Alexandra G. Roberts, Maneesh John, Jinwei Zhang +10Medical ImagingImage Tokenization

  26. FAME: Feature Activation Map Explanation on Image Classification and Face Recognition

    May 12, 2026Xinyi Zhang, Manuel GüntherGradient-Based AttributionFeature Attribution

    Department of Informatics, University of Zurich

  27. A Transfer Learning Evaluation of Deep Neural Networks for Image Classification

    May 12, 2026Nermeen Abou Baker, Nico Zengeler, Uwe HandmannFine-TuningCross-Domain Transfer Learning

    Computer Science Institute, Ruhr West University of Applied Sciences, 46236 Bottrop, Germany

  28. Breaking Global Self-Attention Bottlenecks in Transformer-based Spiking Neural Networks with Local Structure-Aware Self-Attention

    May 12, 2026Lingdong Li, Hangming Zhang, Qiang YuSpiking TransformersEfficient ViTs

    School of Future Technology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cognitive Computing and Application, College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China

  29. Investigating Single-Block Recurrence in Vision Transformers for Image Recognition

    May 11, 2026Michal Byra, Pawel Olszowiec, Grzegorz Stefanski +2Vision TransformerRecurrent Transformers

    Samsung AI Center, Warsaw, Poland · Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

  30. A neurosymbolic Approach with Epistemic Deep Learning for Hierarchical Image Classification

    May 11, 2026Ezel Kilicdere, Shireen Kudukkil Manchingal, Fabio CuzzolinHierarchical ClassificationEvidential Deep Learning

    Datasand IT and Consultancy Ltd. · Institute for AI, Data Analysis and Systems (AIDAS) School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics, Oxford Brookes University, UK