Meanflow
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1 paper in the last four weeks, down 67% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.
Latest papers 23
Bayesian inference increasingly uses informative but implicit priors represented only by samples, such as historical ensembles, simulator outputs, and pretrained generative models. The same computational problem appears in the test-time guidance task (generalized Bayes), where an explicit positive weight, e.g., an exponentiated reward, tilts an implicit prior. We develop a framework for source-space generalized Bayesian inference that combines inexpensive few-step prior transports with posterior stability guarantees. Specifically, we represent the prior using a one- or few-step improved MeanFlow (iMF) map and perform posterior sampling in its Gaussian source space. We establish Wasserstein error bounds between the exact and learned posteriors in terms of the joint population iMF and auxiliary-velocity loss, decomposed into training suboptimality and model-class approximation error. In the iMF source space, we adopt parallel tempering with preconditioned Crank-Nicolson updates and introduce a hybrid variant that incorporates split Hamiltonian Monte Carlo to improve sampling efficiency. Synthetic experiments show that the proposed framework can approximate posterior distributions accurately and efficiently, while CLIP-guided ImageNet experiments demonstrate its ability to steer a pretrained iMF image prior toward text-specified preferences.
Kinematic MeanFlow: One-Step Action Generation Policy for Robotic Foundation Models
In this paper, we study how to achieve one-step action generation in Robotic Foundation Models (RFMs), aiming to overcome the high inference latency of multi-step flow matching. MeanFlow provides a promising framework for this goal, yet its direct application leads to performance collapse. We discover that this stems from two distinctive dynamics exhibited in the RFM velocity field: (1) the ``local acceleration" exhibits stability early on, but surges sharply towards the end of the denoising process, and (2) the spread of its magnitudes across samples widens as denoising progresses. To address these issues, we introduce Kinematic MeanFlow (K-MF), a novel one-step action policy tailored for RFMs. Specifically, grounded in a kinematic identity, K-MF decouples the time derivative term in the MeanFlow formulation into two sub-interval terms separated by an intermediate point. This decoupled formulation enables the two terms to capture early-stage and late-stage denoising dynamics, respectively, while mitigating the error amplification across the process. As a result, our K-MF empowers RFMs to achieve one-step action generation in both training from scratch and fine-tuning paradigms across diverse tasks, while outperforming multi-step flow matching in most settings. In terms of inference efficiency, K-MF reduces action-head latency of GR00T-N1.6 by 67.5%~74.4% across L40 and Jetson Orin in eager and compiled modes, yielding end-to-end latency reductions of 30.3%~54.9%. Code will be available at https://github.com/IntelChina-AI/K-MF.
Acceleration of Diffusion Language Model through Discrete Average Generator
Discrete diffusion models and flow matching have emerged as powerful frameworks for generative modeling over discrete state spaces, yet efficient few-step generation remains a fundamental challenge. In this work, we introduce the Discrete Average Generator, a principled extension of MeanFlow to Continuous-Time Markov Chains (CTMCs). Analogously to how MeanFlow defines an average velocity field over a time interval in continuous spaces, we define an average generator as the normalized increment of the transition kernel over a time interval. We show that this average generator satisfies a self-consistency identity, which provides the foundation for our training objective. We further develop training strategies that align with the standard training paradigm of diffusion language models while keeping the resulting objective tractable. When projected onto per-coordinate marginals, the self-consistency identity admits a closed-form expression, enabling efficient training and inference. In Potts model simulations, our objective reduces the total variation distance of the -step sampler by up to 67%. On OpenWebText, our method achieves the lowest generative perplexity among the evaluated methods for 8 to 64 sampling steps while enabling a acceleration, and achieves comparable performance to existing methods on ImageNet.
MeanFlowAdvantage: Stable Reward Fine-Tuning for Few-Step Average-Velocity Generators
MeanFlow enables efficient few-step generation by predicting interval-average velocities, but this representation creates a mismatch for reward fine-tuning: existing advantage-based objectives are typically defined on instantaneous velocities or equivalent -space predictions, whereas inference directly uses the learned average-velocity map. We introduce MeanFlowAdvantage, a signed advantage-weighted least-squares objective for average-velocity generators. Our key construction uses a shared, detached MeanFlow derivative correction to express the reward objective in prediction space while making rollout and reference regularization exact penalties on the average-velocity network deployed at inference. The resulting formulation preserves MeanFlow's native few-step sampler and provides a direct mechanism for transferring reward improvements to the deployed flow map. On SD3.5-Medium, MeanFlowAdvantage improves all eight reported metrics over the matched four-step MeanFlowNFT baseline and, with only four NFEs, matches or exceeds the 40-step DiffusionNFT baseline on six of eight metrics. The same objective also transfers to DNA promoter design, where it supports both teacher-free on-policy RL for a generator defined on a manifold and teacher-guided reward-graded distillation, with the latter yielding the lowest one-step Sei profile MSE among the compared configurations.
QAMM: Adjoint MeanFlow Matching for Few-Step Offline Reinforcement Learning
Flow policies can model rich action distributions, but their iterative sampling limits decision speed. Adjoint matching uses the critic's action gradient to improve a flow policy without backpropagating through its sampling trajectory, yet its supervision is defined for instantaneous velocities. We propose QAMM, a method that turns the critic-derived adjoint signal into supervision for MeanFlow's average velocity. The resulting policy learns finite-interval transport directly and generates actions with few network evaluations. We derive the adjoint MeanFlow target, specify its gradient boundaries, and train it with an offline actor-critic. On ten HumanoidMaze tasks, QAMM produces effective two-call policies and achieves competitive performance against strong flow-policy baselines. These results show that adjoint-based Q optimization can be combined with average-velocity learning to obtain expressive offline policies with few-step action generation.
SNaP: One-Step Posterior Sampling for Noisy Inverse Problems
Diffusion and flow-matching models can produce high-quality posterior samples for inverse problems, but typically require tens to thousands of network evaluations per draw. MeanFlow enables one-step generation, yet applying it to inverse problems leaves no intermediate steps at which to enforce measurement consistency. We introduce SNaP, a one-step MeanFlow posterior sampler for linear inverse problems with Gaussian noise. Its central innovation is a measurement-adapted source: a Gaussian distribution whose mean and anisotropic covariance are determined by the measurement operator, observation, and noise level. The source anchors well-measured directions while preserving variation where the measurements are weak or uninformative. We show that the exact conditional flow transports this source to the true posterior. Across natural-image restoration and multi-coil MRI, SNaP produces diverse, high-quality samples with one network evaluation per draw, 30 to 2250 faster than iterative samplers.
uFlowCSP: Crystal Structure Prediction using Mean flow generative models
Crystal structure prediction (CSP) is fundamental to computational materials discovery. Generative models including CDVAE, DiffCSP, FlowMM, and CrystalFlow learn stable-crystal distributions directly, but diffusion and flow-matching inference requires tens to thousands of sequential network evaluations per candidate. We introduce uFlowCSP, a MeanFlow-based CSP model that learns the average, rather than instantaneous, probability-flow velocity. It generates a complete structure in one to five evaluations, delivering 5x-58x faster inference with equal or better performance. A chemistry- and symmetry-aware Transformer uses canonical atom ordering, global composition, and per-token chemistry embeddings. A coarse crystal-system token is used only during training; it provides additive gains, particularly improving space-group agreement despite being absent at inference, which remains formula-only. On MP-20 with 20 candidates per target, one step matches CrystalFlow (78.38% vs. 78.34%) with 100x fewer evaluations and about 10x lower wall-clock time. Five steps reach 83.64%, exceeding CrystalFlow (78.34% at 2,000 evaluations) and DiffCSP (77.93% at about 20,000), while using 20x fewer evaluations. uFlowCSP generates 10,000 structures in 0.39-1.31 minutes, versus 6.5 for CrystalFlow and 76.1 for DiffCSP. Under CSPBench's energy-ranked top-five structure-and-space-group criterion, five-step uFlowCSP reaches 72%/72%/65% structure, space-group, and consensus match rates. CrystalFlow reaches 78%/73%/68% at 100 steps but falls to 49%/32%/31% at five. Thus, uFlowCSP improves accuracy per network evaluation, not merely peak accuracy.
Ask Self, Ask Others: Relation Is All You Need
Attention dominates token mixing, but it collapses relation formation and flow allocation into a single score-to-flow step. We introduce Relation, which separates them by first organizing pairwise evidence into explicit Self and Exchange relations and deriving information flow afterward. Relation first decides whether a token should rely on itself or draw from its history, and if it draws from history, where to look. This relational organization gives rise to Full Relation, FlashRelation, Linear Relation, and Hybrid Relation. Across matched decoder-only models, Full Relation achieves lower mean final-validation NLL than MHA and reaches the paired MHA final training loss with 4.5-7.3% fewer tokens. Structural diagnostics further show that Relation learns a distinct depth organization: the first layer acts as a current-token anchor and a high-rank router, while later layers shift strongly toward history. In a fixed-context reference benchmark, FlashRelation is 4.17-5.28x faster than the materialized Full Relation implementation. Across scale-matched production workloads, it reaches 89.7-92.9% of PyTorch FlashAttention throughput while executing the exact Full Relation operator. Hybrid Relation demonstrates that Full and Linear Relation layers can be composed within a single decoder. These results support a relation-first view of token mixing: ask Self, ask Others, then let Flow follow Relation.
GraspMeanFlow: SE(3)-Equivariant MeanFlow for Few-Step 6-DoF Grasp Generation
Recent data-driven methods for synthesizing 6-DoF grasp poses use generative models to learn complex grasp pose distributions and generate diverse candidate poses. In particular, SE(3)-equivariant flow-based models generate grasp poses that transform consistently with object rotations and translations. However, these methods sample by iterative numerical integration, requiring tens of function evaluations per grasp and limiting their use in real-time manipulation. We propose GraspMeanFlow, an SE(3)-equivariant MeanFlow framework for few-step 6-DoF grasp generation. Our method learns the average velocity over a finite time interval, defined through the time-ordered exponential so that it reproduces exactly the rigid-body displacement accumulated over that interval. We prove that a point-cloud-conditioned distribution transported by an equivariant average-velocity flow map remains invariant, so equivariance is retained under few-step sampling, and we condition the field on a pair of times by lifting both to equivariant vectors, leaving the backbone otherwise unchanged. For stable training, we pair a flow-matching boundary term with either of two consistency terms: the differential MeanFlow identity, whose target requires a Jacobian-vector product, or an equivalent semigroup loss that avoids it. Experiments on ACRONYM show that a single function evaluation of GraspMeanFlow reaches the EMD that an iterative SE(3) flow model needs five steps to approach, that a second instantiation of the same framework improves grasp success by up to 24.3 points in the few-step regime, and that both generate grasp distributions transforming exactly with the object.
When Extreme Darkness Meets Motion Blur: MeanFlow for Unified RAW Restoration
Extremely low-light RAW enhancement aims to recover severely attenuated sensor signals, yet existing methods often focus on illumination and noise while overlooking the motion-induced degradations inherent in practical low-light imaging. We present a framework for robust extremely low-light RAW enhancement under realistic acquisition degradations. First, we introduce See in the Degraded Extremely Dark (SIDED), a new dataset that applies controlled motion degradation to extremely low-light RAW pairs while retaining their original sensor noise. Second, we propose a unified RAW tokenizer equipped with explicit domain-conditioned representation calibration to align extremely low-light and well-exposed RAW data, followed by a MeanFlow that performs enhancement in a single function evaluation. To our knowledge, this is the first work to formulate extremely low-light RAW enhancement under realistic motion-degraded acquisition and address it with MeanFlow. We further introduce a physics-guided refinement model to strengthen illumination--reflectance consistency, pixel fidelity, and color preservation without incurring additional inference cost. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our framework achieves state-of-the-art performance in extremely low-light RAW enhancement, and robustly handles coupled motion and noise degradations.
SE(3)-MeanFlow: Few-Step Protein Backbone Generation on Lie Groups
Generative modeling of protein backbones promises the de novo design of proteins with prescribed structural and functional properties. Existing diffusion and flow-matching models produce high-quality backbones on SE(3)^N, but inference requires numerically integrating an ODE over hundreds of network evaluations, each involving a Lie group exponential map - a bottleneck for high-throughput design campaigns. We introduce SE(3)-MeanFlow, a few-step generative framework that extends MeanFlow from Euclidean space to the Lie group geometry of protein frames. Working natively in the Lie algebra so(3) and in R^3, we derive closed-form average-velocity identities for rotations and translations, giving simulation-free training targets. We further introduce an SE(3) alpha-Flow objective that removes the Jacobian-vector product from the rotation branch and serves as a warm-up stage, after which training switches to a small-t stabilized MeanFlow loss that is used for the remainder of pretraining and for rectification-based post-training. In protein backbone generation, SE(3)-MeanFlow matches or exceeds flow-matching baselines that use several times more sampling steps, and its advantage widens in the few-step regime, where rectification lets it lead at every matched budget - at a modest cost in diversity.
Do Not Break the Vessels: Structure-Preserving Mean Flow for Vascular Image Translation
Reconstructing anatomically faithful vascular structures from clinically accessible imaging modalities is of substantial clinical significance. However, existing cross-modal translation methods mainly emphasize pixel-level fidelity or visual realism and treat structure preservation as a property of the final output rather than an invariant of the generative process. This limitation often leads to structural discontinuities and artifacts, compromising anatomical coherence and clinical reliability. In this work, we propose a Structure-Preserving Mean Flow (SPMF) framework that formulates vascular image translation as a topology-invariant transport process. Based on a structural invariance principle, we derive an orthogonality constraint on the flow velocity field that formally separates appearance transport from topological distortion. We implement this constraint as a time-weighted surrogate objective within a Brownian bridge diffusion model to preserve topology at every diffusion step. Moreover, we propose a Prototype-Guided Structural Refinement (PGSR) module to align degraded inference-time structures with reliable training-time structures. Experiments on paired NIRII-to-2PF and fundus datasets demonstrate consistent improvements over state-of-the-art methods, achieving peak PSNR values of 24.96 dB and 24.83 dB, respectively.
RoamFlow: Reinforcement-Aligned One-Step Action MeanFlow Policy for Image-Goal Navigation
Image-goal navigation is a key challenge in embodied robotics, where an agent must reach a target specified solely by a goal image. While existing reinforcement learning approaches map perceptual observations directly to actions, they struggle to model long-horizon dependencies, often leading to suboptimal trajectories. To address this limitation, we propose RoamFlow, a generative navigation framework that leverages MeanFlow to predict the average velocity field for trajectory synthesis, enabling efficient few-step generation and reducing inference latency. We further adopt a two-stage training strategy that combines expert imitation for stable initialization with reinforcement learning for task-specific policy refinement. Extensive experiments in both Habitat simulation and real-world robotic platforms demonstrate that RoamFlow achieves efficient inference while maintaining strong navigation performance under real-time constraints.
ReactVLA: Fast and Lightweight Reactive Robot Manipulation via Improved Mean Flow Action Generation
Diffusion-based Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies have demonstrated strong capability in modeling expressive and multimodal action distributions. However, their reliance on iterative sampling introduces substantial inference latency, which limits their applicability to reactive closed-loop robot manipulation. To address this limitation, we propose \texttt{ReactVLA}, a lightweight and low-latency VLA framework for real-time robotic manipulation. \texttt{ReactVLA} combines two complementary designs: (1) an improved Mean Flow (iMF) action generator that reduces expensive multi-step diffusion sampling to one-to-few-step action generation, and (2) Attention Residuals (AttnRes), a dynamic depth-wise feature routing mechanism that replaces uniform residual accumulation to better preserve task-relevant multimodal representations. We evaluate \texttt{ReactVLA} on large-scale simulation benchmarks, including LIBERO and RoboIMI, as well as real-world robotic manipulation tasks. Experimental results show that \texttt{ReactVLA} consistently outperforms similarly sized VLA baselines, including SmolVLA and . On challenging precision manipulation tasks, \texttt{ReactVLA} achieves up to a 1.65 improvement in task performance while providing more than a 4 increase in inference speed compared with leading VLA models. Finally, it reduces real-world policy latency to below 38.6 ms, enabling fast reactive control on physical robot platforms. Please check out our project website at: https://game-loader.github.io/ReactVLA/.
Score-Based One-step MeanFlow Policy Optimization
Diffusion and flow matching have emerged as expressive policy classes in reinforcement learning, but their reliance on multi-step denoising imposes substantial computational overhead at inference time, which is particularly problematic in online RL. MeanFlow offers a promising alternative by learning an average velocity field that maps noise to data in a single network evaluation. However, MeanFlow typically requires samples from the target distribution to construct its target velocity field, which are unavailable in online RL. We propose Score-Based One-step MeanFlow Policy Optimization (SOM), an actor-critic algorithm that resolves this by constructing the target velocity field directly from the Q-function via score estimation and a probability flow ODE, thereby concentrating probability mass on high-value modes. In the fully online RL setting, SOM achieves state-of-the-art performance on locomotion tasks with a single generation step, while substantially reducing both training and inference time compared to prior diffusion- and flow-matching-based policies.
Stabilizing, Scaling & Enhancing MeanFlow for Large-scale Diffusion Distillation
Diffusion models exhibit remarkable generative capability, but their high latency limits practical deployment. Many studies have attempted to reduce sampling steps to accelerate inference. Among them, MeanFlow has attracted considerable attention due to its concise formulation and remarkable performance. Nevertheless, the instability of its optimization objective and the ''mean-seeking bias'' have limited its applicability to distill large-scale industrial models. To stabilize MeanFlow for distilling large-scale models, we first introduce a warm-up technique, in which the original differential solution of MeanFlow is replaced by a discrete solution. This design avoids training collapse caused by the MeanFlow target containing a stop-gradient term from an undertrained model. Once the model acquires a preliminary ability to fit the average velocity field, we switch the optimization objective back to the differential solution, enabling further refinement. Meanwhile, to alleviate the ''mean-seeking bias'' of MeanFlow under extremely few-step inference with complex target distributions, we incorporate trajectory distribution alignment as an auxiliary objective, encouraging the student model's trajectory distribution to align more closely with that of the teacher model. Our proposed distillation framework achieves superior performance compared to existing distillation approaches when applied to the text-to-image (T2I) model FLUX.1-dev (up to 12B parameters). Furthermore, when extended to the 80B-parameter state-of-the-art (SOTA) T2I model HunyuanImage 3.0, our method continues to demonstrate robust generalization and strong performance.
Discrete MeanFlow: One-Step Generation via Conditional Transition Kernels
MeanFlow enables one-step generation in continuous spaces by learning an average velocity over a time interval rather than the instantaneous velocity field of flow matching. However, discrete state spaces do not have smooth trajectories or spatial derivatives, so the continuous formulation does not directly apply. We introduce Discrete MeanFlow, which replaces the motion of a point with the transport of probability mass over finite states. Our key object is the conditional transition kernel of a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC), from which we define a mean discrete rate that measures the average change in transition probability over a time interval. We prove a Discrete MeanFlow identity that relates this finite-interval rate to the instantaneous CTMC generator at the endpoint, with the Kolmogorov forward equation replacing the spatial chain rule of continuous MeanFlow. Based on this identity, we parameterize the transition kernel directly using a boundary-by-construction design that guarantees valid probability outputs and exact boundary conditions without auxiliary losses. Since the learned kernel is itself a probability distribution, generation reduces to a single forward pass followed by one categorical draw meaning no iterative denoising, ODE integration, or multi-step refinement is required. We validate the framework on exact finite-state Markov chains, where the learned kernel recovers the analytical ground truth to high precision, and on factorized synthetic sequence generation tasks with varying alphabet sizes and sequence lengths.
Noise-Started One-Step Real-World Super-Resolution via LR-Conditioned SplitMeanFlow and GAN Refinement
Pre-trained text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models have shown strong potential for real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR), owing to their noise-started generation process that enables realistic texture synthesis and captures the one-to-many nature of super-resolution. However, diffusion-based Real-ISR methods still face a fundamental efficiency-quality trade-off. Multi-step methods generate high-quality results by iteratively denoising random Gaussian noise under LR conditioning, but suffer from slow sampling. Recent one-step methods greatly improve efficiency, yet they typically replace noise-started generation with direct LR-to-HR restoration, which weakens stochasticity and limits realistic detail synthesis. To address this issue, we propose SMFSR, a noise-started one-step Real-ISR framework via LR-conditioned SplitMeanFlow and GAN refinement. SMFSR preserves the random-noise starting point of diffusion models and learns a direct noise-to-HR mapping conditioned on the LR image. To this end, Interval Splitting Consistency distills the multi-step generative trajectory into a single average-velocity prediction, enabling efficient one-step generation. To compensate for the reduced opportunity for progressive refinement, we further introduce a GAN refinement stage, where a DINOv3-based discriminator enhances realistic texture synthesis and variational score distillation aligns the generated outputs with the natural image distribution under a frozen diffusion teacher. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SMFSR achieves state-of-the-art perceptual quality among one-step diffusion-based Real-ISR methods while retaining fast single-step inference.
Physics-Informed Neural PDE Solvers via Spatio-Temporal MeanFlow
Deep learning paradigms, such as PINNs and neural operators, have significantly advanced the solving of PDEs. However, they often struggle to capture the continuous integral nature of physical systems, relying either on pointwise residuals that ignore the integral perspective or on pre-discretized temporal grids. Drawing inspiration from MeanFlow, a continuous-time integrator recently developed to efficiently solve generative ODEs, we introduce Spatio-Temporal MeanFlow, which functions as a novel PDE solver learning the finite-interval evolution of physical states. By substituting the generative velocity field with the physical PDE operator, we transform multi-step numerical integration into an efficient prediction with a freely controllable integration length. Crucially, we extend the original MeanFlow constraint from the temporal to the spatio-temporal domain, coupling time evolution with spatial consistency. This yields a unified framework naturally accommodating both time-dependent and stationary PDEs. Comprehensive experiments on benchmarks demonstrate that our approach achieves superior accuracy and inference efficiency over representative baselines. Furthermore, the proposed integral constraint enables excellent generalization to out-of-distribution initial conditions and varying spatial resolutions.
RA-CMF: Region-Adaptive Conditional MeanFlow for CT Image Reconstruction
The use of CT imaging is important for screening, diagnosis, therapy planning, and prognosis of lung cancers. Unfortunately, due to differences in imaging protocols and scanner models, CT images acquired by different means may show large differences in noise statistics, contrast, and texture. In this study, we develop a novel conditional MeanFlow pipeline for CT image reconstruction. We introduce a conditional MeanFlow network that models the enhancement trajectory by predicting image-conditioned flow fields given intermediate image states. The image enhancement network is trained with a MeanFlow consistency loss along with the image reconstruction loss. In order to provide an adaptive refinement process in terms of spatial location of enhancements, we integrate a regional reinforcement learning-driven policy network into our approach. The policy network receives information about the MeanFlow rollouts and provides predictions in terms of tile-wise refinement budgets, stopping criteria, and total budget allocation of enhancement processes. Our policy network is trained through reinforcement learning in a policy gradient framework, where the goal of the training reward is to maximize improvement of enhancements while minimizing unnecessary computations and avoiding instabilities. In this way, our approach combines conditional flow-based enhancement with reinforcement learning-based spatial enhancement control. This allows our approach to focus more attention on enhancing difficult areas while stabilizing areas already showing sufficient quality. Our results show high accuracy in the tumor ROI, with the average radiomic feature CCC being 0.96, an average PSNR of 31.30 4.16, and average SSIM of 0.94 0.07. Moreover, there is an improvement in the overall quality of images, with an average PSNR of 34.23 1.71 and average SSIM of 0.95 0.01.
Extending One-Step Image Generation from Class Labels to Text via Discriminative Text Representation
Few-step generation has been a long-standing goal, with recent one-step generation methods exemplified by MeanFlow achieving remarkable results. Existing research on MeanFlow primarily focuses on class-to-image generation. However, an intuitive yet unexplored direction is to extend the condition from fixed class labels to flexible text inputs, enabling richer content creation. Compared to the limited class labels, text conditions pose greater challenges to the model's understanding capability, necessitating the effective integration of powerful text encoders into the MeanFlow framework. Surprisingly, although incorporating text conditions appears straightforward, we find that integrating powerful LLM-based text encoders using conventional training strategies results in unsatisfactory performance. To uncover the underlying cause, we conduct detailed analyses and reveal that, due to the extremely limited number of refinement steps in the MeanFlow generation, such as only one step, the text feature representations are required to possess sufficiently high discriminability. This also explains why discrete and easily distinguishable class features perform well within the MeanFlow framework. Guided by these insights, we leverage a powerful LLM-based text encoder validated to possess the required semantic properties and adapt the MeanFlow generation process to this framework, resulting in efficient text-conditioned synthesis for the first time. Furthermore, we validate our approach on the widely used diffusion model, demonstrating significant generation performance improvements. We hope this work provides a general and practical reference for future research on text-conditioned MeanFlow generation. The code is available at https://github.com/AMAP-ML/EMF.
Learning Hamiltonian Flow Maps: Mean Flow Consistency for Large-Timestep Molecular Dynamics
Simulating the long-time evolution of Hamiltonian systems is limited by the small timesteps required for stable numerical integration. To overcome this constraint, we introduce a framework to learn Hamiltonian Flow Maps by predicting the mean phase-space evolution over a chosen time span, enabling stable large-timestep updates far beyond the stability limits of classical integrators. To this end, we impose a Mean Flow consistency condition for time-averaged Hamiltonian dynamics. Unlike prior approaches, this allows training on independent phase-space samples without access to future states, avoiding expensive trajectory generation. Validated across diverse Hamiltonian systems, our method in particular improves upon molecular dynamics simulations using machine-learned force fields (MLFF). Our models maintain comparable training and inference cost, but support significantly larger integration timesteps while trained directly on widely-available trajectory-free MLFF datasets.
FlowerDance: MeanFlow for Efficient and Refined 3D Dance Generation
Music-to-dance generation aims to translate auditory signals into expressive human motion, with broad applications in virtual reality, choreography, and digital entertainment. Despite promising progress, the limited generation efficiency of existing methods leaves insufficient computational headroom for high-fidelity 3D rendering, thereby constraining the expressiveness of 3D characters during real-world applications. Thus, we propose FlowerDance, which not only generates refined motion with physical plausibility and artistic expressiveness, but also achieves significant generation efficiency on inference speed and memory utilization. Specifically, FlowerDance combines MeanFlow with Physical Consistency Constraints, which enables high-quality motion generation with only a few sampling steps. Moreover, FlowerDance leverages a simple but efficient model architecture with BiMamba-based backbone and Channel-Level Cross-Modal Fusion, which generates dance with efficient non-autoregressive manner. Meanwhile, FlowerDance supports motion editing, enabling users to interactively refine dance sequences. Extensive experiments on AIST++ and FineDance show that FlowerDance achieves state-of-the-art results in both motion quality and generation efficiency. Code will be released upon acceptance.