Medical Image Anomaly Detection

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8 papers in the last four weeks, against 1 the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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  1. A Multi-Source Ultrasound Benchmark Revealing the Limits of Contemporary Self-Supervised Anomaly Detection Methods

    Oct 7, 2026Marco Riedenauer, Daniel Kienzle, Pratik Mayekar +1Medical Image Anomaly DetectionUnsupervised Anomaly Detection

    University of Augsburg

  2. Quasi-Binarized Autoencoders: An Architecture-Independent Information Bottleneck for Medical Image Anomaly Detection

    Oct 7, 2026Shouhei Hanaoka, Takahiro Nakao, Atsushi Takamatsu +2Medical Image Anomaly DetectionUnsupervised Anomaly Detection

    Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan · Department of Computational Diagnostic Radiology and Preventive Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan · Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan

  3. The RSNA Intracranial Aneurysm (RSNA-ICA) Dataset

    Oct 1, 2026Maria Correia de Verdier, Rachit Saluja, Jason Sho +37Medical Image Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Localization

    Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Neuroradiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cornell University and Cornell Tech, New York, NY, USA · Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA +37

  4. Multi-Site Real-World Performance of Commercial AI for Pulmonary and Incidental Pulmonary Embolism Detection

    Sep 29, 2026Aawez Mansuri, Mohammadreza Chavoshi, Theodorus Dapamede +13Medical Image AnalysisMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA · Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University New Haven, CT, USA · Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

  5. FD-AA: A Lightweight Focal-Diffuse And Attenuation-Aware Head for Incidental Abdominal Abnormality Detection in Chest CT

    Sep 28, 2026Haoyan Ding, Kritika Iyer, Halid Yerebakan +9Medical Image Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Classification

    Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Malvern, PA, USA · University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

  6. VD-DeepStack: Bridging Visual Comparison and Language Reasoning for Few-Shot Anomaly Detection

    Sep 28, 2026Mengyang Zhao, Zhuolin He, Haiyang Yu +9Few-Shot Anomaly DetectionVisual Reasoning

    Fudan University · University of Southern California · Fuzhou University +1

  7. Unsupervised Brain Anomaly Detection as a Bayesian Inverse Problem with Diffusion Prior

    Sep 21, 2026Hugues Roy, Reuben Dorent, Ninon BurgosMedical Image Anomaly DetectionAnomaly Localization

    Sorbonne Université, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, CNRS, Inria, Inserm, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, F-75013, Paris, France

  8. Seeing Abnormal from Normal: Glomerular Abnormality in Representations of Normal Renal Morphology

    Sep 16, 2026Greta Hasko, Rachit Saluja, Tianyu Shi +11Medical Image Anomaly DetectionUnsupervised Anomaly Detection

    Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA · Cornell Tech, New York, NY 10044, USA · Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, CN +6

  9. Bridging Vision Foundation Model Priors with CLIP for Spatial-aware Few-shot Anomaly Detection in Medical Images

    Sep 14, 2026Juzheng Miao, Yuchen Yuan, Cheng Chen +1Few-Shot Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China · School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China +1

  10. GRIPNet: Gaussian Radial Intensity Prior Guided Architecture for Pulmonary Nodule Detection in CT

    Sep 12, 2026Haojie Yang, Ran SuSmall Object DetectionMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China

  11. Unsupervised Anomaly Detection for Image Dataset Quality Assurance in Multi-Center Breast MRI

    Aug 17, 2026Chiara Tappermann, Steffen Renisch, Lars Ole Schwen +3Medical ImagingMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Max-Von-Laue-Straße 2, Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany · University of Bremen, Bibliothekstraße 1, Bremen, 28359, Bremen, Germany · Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, 28359, Lower Saxony, Germany

  12. HexMIL: Hierarchical Attention MIL for Ante-Hoc Explainable Detection of AI-Manipulated CT Volumes

    Aug 5, 2026Orazio Pontorno, Luca Guarnera, Zahid Akhtar +1Explainable Deepfake DetectionMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Utica, NY, USA

  13. Keep the Needle, Prune the Haystack: Defect-Preserving Token Pruning for Efficient Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection

    Aug 4, 2026Yanning Hou, Jingyuan Zhang, Xiaoyun Wang +3Medical Image Anomaly DetectionIndustrial Anomaly Detection

    2National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China · 1Anhui University, Hefei, China

  14. A Unified 2D Framework for DeepLesion Detection, Segmentation and Short Report Generation

    Aug 3, 2026Ruida Cheng, Tejas S. Mathai, Benjamin Hou +4Radiology Report GenerationMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    a Scientific Application Services, Center of Information Technology, NIH · b National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, NIH · c Imaging Biomarkers and Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH

  15. FreqAnchorAD: Language-Free Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection via Frequency-Deviation Anchoring

    Aug 1, 2026Jianfeng Qiu, Peiyuan Li, Juan Xie +4Frequency-Domain Feature LearningMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Anhui University, Hefei, China · National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China

  16. Reconstruction-Shift Discrimination via Mask-Guided Latent Diffusion for Medical Anomaly Detection

    Aug 1, 2026Yibo Wan, Jinyu Cai, Yunhe Zhang +2Latent Diffusion ModelsMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore · Institute of Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore · Department of Computer and Information Science, SKL-IOTSC, University of Macau, China +1

  17. Beyond Static Anchors: Bounded Prototype Conditioning for Language-Free Medical Anomaly Detection

    Aug 1, 2026Yibo Wan, Jinyu Cai, See-kiong NgFew-Shot Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    School of Computing, National University of Singapore, Singapore · Institute of Data Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore

  18. VFAD: Variational Semantic Prompting Meets Frequency-Adaptive Representation Learning for Zero-Shot Anomaly Detection

    Jul 31, 2026Peng Chen, Kaige Li, Wei Wang +5VLM AdaptationFrequency-Domain Feature Learning

    School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China

  19. Group Equivariant Diffusion for Anomaly Detection in Computational Cytology

    Jul 28, 2026Swarnadip Chatterjee, Ssharvien Kumar Sivakumar, Anirban MukhopadhyayComputational PathologyMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden · Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

  20. Panda: Unsupervised Pelvic Anomaly Detection for Real-Time MR Imaging

    Jul 27, 2026Anika Knupfer, Maximilian Lindholz, Johanna Paula Müller +4Online Anomaly DetectionMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Institute of Information Processing, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany · CAIMED, L3S, Hannover, Germany · Department of Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany +2

  21. Bowel Obstruction Detection and Localization on Abdominal CT with Deep Learning

    Jul 24, 2026Moritz Vandenhirtz, Andrea Agostini, Dana Belde +5Medical Image Anomaly DetectionExplainable Medical Image Analysis

    Department of Computer Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland · Department of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baden, affiliated Hospital for Research and Teaching of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Zurich, Baden, Switzerland · Department of Forensic Medicine Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

  22. PRISM-DR: Per-lesion Retinal Inference with Specialist Models for Diabetic Retinopathy

    Jul 22, 2026Zübeyr Özeren, Tansel UyarDiabetic Retinopathy GradingMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Baskent University, Ankara, Türkiye · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye

  23. A novel unsupervised machine learning strategy to handle multimodal cardiac PET/MRI data

    Jul 15, 2026Brunnhilde Ponsi, Thomas Carlier, Lara Marteau +5Medical ImagingMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France · CRCI2NA, INSERM UMR 1307, Nantes, France · Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France +5

  24. CFR-Net:Collaborative Feature Refnement Network for Medical Image Anomaly Detection

    Jul 13, 2026Zihan Nie, Muhao Xu, Wei Feng +7Medical Image Anomaly DetectionAnomaly Localization

    School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University Jinan, China · Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture Shandong University, Ministry of Education Jinan, China · Monash University Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia +3

  25. Shape Over Intensity: Directional Topological Encoding for False Positive Reduction in Intracranial Aneurysm Detection

    Jul 6, 2026Akshay Gokhale, Mansi DhamneFDR ControlMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    Computer Science and Engineering Sardar Patel Institute of Technology Mumbai, India · Computer Engineering Sardar Patel Institute of Technology Mumbai, India

  26. Prototype Memory-Guided Training-Free Anomaly Classification and Localization in Prenatal Ultrasound

    Jul 1, 2026Huanwen Liang, Yuhao Huang, Xiliang Zhu +6Few-Shot Anomaly DetectionPrototype-Based Classification

    Medical Ultrasound Image Computing (MUSIC) Lab, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China

  27. Patient-Level Elbow Abnormality Detection: Leakage-Aware Evaluation of Learned Preprocessing, Calibration, and Triage-Oriented Operating Points

    Jun 30, 2026Ahmed Sallam, Ahmet KaplanImage EnhancementProbability Calibration

    Biomedical Engineering Department, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye · Computer Engineering Department, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye

  28. Compression-Driven Anomaly Detection in Brain MRI Using an Interpretable Quantum Autoencoder

    Jun 25, 2026Santanu Ganguly, Xing Liang, Dimitrios MakrisMedical Image Anomaly DetectionQuantum Machine Learning

    Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames KT1 2EE, UK Quantum AI (QAI) Research Group School of Computer Science and Mathematics (CSM) Faculty of Engineering, Computing and the Environment (ECE)

  29. Enhancing Brain MRI Anomaly Detection and Reasoning with ROI Rethink and Synthetic Data

    Jun 24, 2026Shangkun Li, Jie Xu, Yi Guo +2Medical Image Anomaly DetectionVLM Reasoning

    College of Biomedical Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

  30. MaRS: Robust Out-of-Distribution Detection via Mahalanobis Residual Scoring

    Jun 21, 2026Francesco Di Salvo, Sebastian Doerrich, Christian LedigMedical Imaging Foundation ModelsMedical Image Anomaly Detection

    XAI Lab Bamberg, University of Bamberg, Germany