State Space Models

Also known as SSM

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Overview

State space models describe how hidden states evolve over time and generate observations, supporting both probabilistic system identification and neural sequence learning. Approaches range from Kalman filtering, smoothing, and particle or variational inference to structured S4/HiPPO models, selective Mamba scans, and hybrids that combine recurrence with attention. They are applied to long-context language and video, time-series forecasting, and signals such as EEG, with evaluation spanning retrieval and sequence benchmarks as well as real-world prediction tasks. Their recurrent structure can offer linear-time processing and bounded memory, but efficient computation does not guarantee reliable long-range retrieval or state tracking, and practical speed, robustness, and accuracy remain important trade-offs.

Latest papers

CardsList

299 papers30 papers in the last four weeks, down 12% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. RASLF: Representation-Aware State Space Model for Light Field Super-Resolution

    Mar 17, 2026Zeqiang Wei, Kai Jin, Kuan Song +3Image Super-ResolutionState Space Models

    Capital Normal University Information Engineering College, Beijing 100048, China · Bigo Technology Pte. Ltd., Beijing 100020, China · Explorer Global (Suzhou) Artificial Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China +1

  2. NeuronSpark: Selective Spiking State Space Models with Adaptive Computation for Language Modeling

    Mar 17, 2026Zhengzheng TangSpiking Language ModelsSpiking Neural Networks

    Boston University

  3. Mamba-3: Improved Sequence Modeling using State Space Principles

    Mar 16, 2026Aakash Lahoti, Kevin Y. Li, Berlin Chen +5State Space Language ModelsSequence Modeling

    Carnegie Mellon University · Princeton University · Together AI +1

  4. Enhancing Eye Feature Estimation from Event Data Streams through Adaptive Inference State Space Modeling

    Mar 14, 2026Viet Dung Nguyen, Mobina Ghorbaninejad, Chengyi Ma +5Eye TrackingEvent-Based Vision

    Rochester Institute of Technology · Meta Reality Labs

  5. Deep Learning for Virtual Reality User Identification: A Benchmark

    Mar 14, 2026Davide Frizzo, Fabrizio Genilotti, David Petrovic +6Biometric IdentificationVirtual Reality

    University of Padova, Italy

  6. State-space models through the lens of ensemble control

    Mar 13, 2026Ye Feng, Jianfeng LuMirror DescentOptimal Control

  7. Robust Automatic Differentiation of Square-Root Kalman Filters via Gramian Differentials

    Mar 13, 2026Adrien CorenflosAutomatic DifferentiationKalman Filtering

    Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK

  8. From Gradients to Riccati Geometry: Kalman World Models for Single-Pass Learning

    Mar 13, 2026Andrew KirulutaGradient-Free OptimizationState Space Models

    UC Berkeley School of Information

  9. SpectralGuard: Detecting Memory Collapse Attacks in State Space Models

    Mar 12, 2026Davi BonettoLLM SecurityState Space Models

    Independent Researcher

  10. CLASP: Defending Hybrid Large Language Models Against Hidden State Poisoning Attacks

    Mar 12, 2026Alexandre Le Mercier, Thomas Demeester, Chris DevelderLLM SecurityLanguage Model Robustness

    IDLab–T2K, Ghent University–imec

  11. SEMamba++: A General Speech Restoration Framework Leveraging Global, Local, and Periodic Spectral Patterns

    Mar 12, 2026Yongjoon Lee, Jung-Woo ChoiSpeech EnhancementFrequency-Domain Feature Learning

    Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea

  12. Single molecule localization microscopy challenge: a biologically inspired benchmark for long-sequence modeling

    Mar 11, 2026Fatemeh Valeh, Monika Farsang, Radu Grosu +1Sequence ModelingState Space Models

    Department of Biophysics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria · Department of Informatics, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria

  13. Compiler-First State Space Duality and Portable O(1)O(1) Autoregressive Caching for Inference

    Mar 10, 2026Cosmo Santoni, Anmol ThaparEfficient InferenceLLM Inference Acceleration

    Imperial College London

  14. Kinematics-Aware Latent World Models for Data-Efficient Autonomous Driving

    Mar 7, 2026Jiazhuo Li, Linjiang Cao, Qi Liu +1World Models for Autonomous DrivingWorld Model Learning

    Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

  15. Permutation-Equivariant 2D State Space Models: Theory and Canonical Architecture for Multivariate Time Series

    Mar 7, 2026Seungwoo Jeong, Heung-Il SukState Space ModelsMultivariate Time Series Forecasting

    Department of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea

  16. Swimba: Switch Mamba Model Scales State Space Models

    Mar 6, 2026Zhixu Du, Krishna Teja Chitty-Venkata, Murali Emani +3State Space ModelsSelective SSMs

    Duke University · Red Hat, Inc. · Argonne National Laboratory

  17. DLRMamba: Distilling Low-Rank Mamba for Edge Multispectral Fusion Object Detection

    Mar 6, 2026Qianqian Zhang, Leon Tabaro, Ahmed M. Abdelmoniem +1Efficient Object DetectionState Space Models

    National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101499, China · School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China · School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK +1

  18. Warm Starting State-Space Models with Automata Learning

    Mar 5, 2026William Fishell, Sam Nicholas Kouteili, Mark SantolucitoAutomata LearningState Space Models

    Columbia University · Yale University · Barnard College, Columbia University

  19. BLINK: Behavioral Latent Modeling of NK Cell Cytotoxicity

    Mar 5, 2026Iman Nematollahi, Jose Francisco Villena-Ossa, Alina Moter +6Toxicity DetectionLatent Dynamics Modeling

    Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany · Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany · Goethe University, Department of Pediatrics, Experimental Immunology and Cell Therapy, Frankfurt am Main, Germany +2

  20. DeformTrace: A Deformable State Space Model with Relay Tokens for Temporal Forgery Localization

    Mar 5, 2026Xiaodong Zhu, Suting Wang, Yuanming Zheng +5Hybrid Transformer-State Space Model ArchitecturesTemporal Video Forgery Localization

    National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software, School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, China

  21. Mask-aware inference with State-Space Models

    Mar 4, 2026Ignasi Mas, Ramon Morros, Javier-Ruiz Hidalgo +1Visual SSMsState Space Models

  22. Architectural Proprioception in State Space Models: Thermodynamic Training Induces Anticipatory Halt Detection

    Mar 4, 2026Jay NoonState Space ModelsMetacognition in Language Models

  23. MaBERT:A Padding Safe Interleaved Transformer Mamba Hybrid Encoder for Efficient Extended Context Masked Language Modeling

    Mar 3, 2026Jinwoong Kim, Sangjin ParkHybrid Transformer-State Space Model ArchitecturesLong-Context Language Modeling

    Graduate School of Industrial Data Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

  24. Retrievit: In-context Retrieval Capabilities of Transformers, State Space Models, and Hybrid Architectures

    Mar 3, 2026Georgios Pantazopoulos, Malvina Nikandrou, Ioannis Konstas +1In-Context RetrievalTransformer

    University of Edinburgh · Heriot-Watt University

  25. The Expressive Limits of Diagonal SSMs for State-Tracking

    Mar 2, 2026Mehran Shakerinava, Behnoush Khavari, Siamak Ravanbakhsh +1State Space ModelsState Tracking

    School of Computer Science, McGill University · Mila – Quebec AI Institute · Chandar Research Lab +1

  26. TacMamba: A Tactile History Compression Adapter Bridging Fast Reflexes and Slow VLA Reasoning

    Mar 2, 2026Zhenan Wang, Yanzhe Wang, Meixuan Ren +8Tactile Sensing for Robotic ManipulationVisuo-Tactile Representation Learning

    Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China · GigaAI, Beijing, China · Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China

  27. Efficient Extractive Summarization with MAMBA-Transformer Hybrids for Low-Resource Scenarios

    Mar 1, 2026Nisrine Ait KhayiHybrid Transformer-State Space Model ArchitecturesText Summarization

    Independent Researcher · University of Memphis

  28. Improved MambdaBDA Framework for Robust Building Damage Assessment Across Disaster Domains

    Mar 1, 2026Alp Eren Gençoğlu, Hazım Kemal EkenelDisaster Damage AssessmentBuilding Damage Assessment

    Department of Computer Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Türkiye · Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, UAE

  29. BiM-GeoAttn-Net: Linear-Time Depth Modeling with Geometry-Aware Attention for 3D Aortic Dissection CTA Segmentation

    Feb 27, 2026Yuan Zhang, Lei Liu, Jialin Zhang +3Medical Image Segmentation3D Medical Image Segmentation

    College of Computer Science Sichuan Normal University Chengdu, Sichuan 610068, China · Zhejiang University & Ant Group Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China · State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou University Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China

  30. Latent Matters: Learning Deep State-Space Models

    Feb 26, 2026Alexej Klushyn, Richard Kurle, Maximilian Soelch +2State Space ModelsLatent Dynamics Modeling

    Technical University of Munich · AWS AI Labs · Machine Learning Research Lab, Volkswagen Group, Munich +1