Visual SSMs

SSM: State Space Model

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Overview

Visual state-space models adapt recurrent sequence architectures, especially selective state-space models such as Mamba, to images and video. They turn spatial or temporal features into sequences using directional scans, while newer designs explore bidirectional scans, graphs, clusters, frequency-domain processing, and combinations with CNNs or attention. These approaches are used for classification, segmentation, restoration, depth estimation, and video understanding, with benchmarks spanning natural images, medical scans, and remote sensing. A central tension is how to retain linear-time efficiency without losing local detail, boundary accuracy, or robustness to scan direction and domain shift.

Latest papers

CardsList

81 papers7 papers in the last four weeks, down 36% on the four weeks before. 0.0% of all new papers.

  1. Hybrid Mamba-Transformer Network for Single-Shot 3D Reconstruction from Fringe Patterns

    Oct 25, 2026Xinjie Zhou, XiaoLei Li3D ReconstructionFringe Projection Profilometry

    Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin,150040, China · School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China

  2. GM-GReFEL: Geometry-Guided Spatiotemporal State-Space Learning for Robust Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition

    Oct 22, 2026Yudhistira Arditya Pratama, Yi-Zeng HsiehFacial Expression RecognitionVisual SSMs

    Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106335, Taiwan

  3. FETALFusion: Resolution-Aware State-Space Modeling for Multi-Domain Fetal Head Segmentation

    Oct 13, 2026Ammar Bhilwarawala, Mainak BandyopadhyayMedical Image SegmentationUltrasound Image Segmentation

    School of Computer Engineering, KIIT Deemed to be University Bhubaneswar, India

  4. State-Isolated Vision Mamba via Update-Tendency Routing for Underwater Image Enhancement

    Oct 9, 2026Yan Luo, Laibin Chang, Zefan Feng +3Visual SSMsUnderwater Image Enhancement

  5. Bridging Human and Model Attention: Explainability Analysis of CNN, Mamba, and ViT Architectures with Gaze-Based Validation

    Oct 8, 2026Marco Stefani, Edoardo Parpaiola, Matteo Bino +5Neural Network InterpretabilitySaliency Map Evaluation

    Department of Information Engineering (DEI), University of Padova, Padova, Italy

  6. Weave Mamba Fusion: Global Cross-Scale Interaction for Lightweight Face Detection

    Oct 5, 2026Dohun Kim, Jinmyung JungEfficient Object DetectionMulti-Scale Feature Fusion

    School of Data Science, The University of Suwon, Korea

  7. TIRMamba: A Thermal-Prior-Modulated State-Space Network for Sub-Million-Parameter Infrared Image Super-Resolution

    Oct 4, 2026Chun-An Lin, Tsung-Jung Liu, Yen-Chieh OuyangThermal ImagingEfficient Neural Network Inference

    Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan · College of Computing and Informatics, Providence University, Taichung 433303, Taiwan

  8. Token Clustering and Semantic Sequence Mamba for Hyperspectral Image Classification

    Sep 23, 2026Yimin Zhu, Mahmood Elahi, Lincoln Linlin XuVisual SSMsHyperspectral Image Classification

    Department of Geomatics Engineering, University of Calgary, Canada · Department of Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Canada

  9. GAD-MambaUNet: Direction-Group Mamba with Gradient-Adaptive DINOv3 Distillation for Lightweight Medical Image Segmentation

    Sep 22, 2026Fang Wang, Huitao Li, Wenhan Chao +2Medical Image SegmentationVisual SSMs

    College of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing, 102617, People’s Republic of China · School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, 100083, People’s Republic of China

  10. CMAMBADEPTH: Self-supervised Monocular Depth Estimation with Channel Mamba and Hybrid Attention

    Sep 21, 2026Xuezhi Xiang, Jiayao Liu, Heqi Xiang +3Monocular Depth EstimationMulti-Scale Feature Fusion

    School of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China · Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Communication and Information Technology, Harbin 150001, China · Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 2E4, Canada +1

  11. LiAuto-MindViT: A Hybrid Vision Backbone with Adaptive Bidirectional Mamba

    Sep 21, 2026Lifu Mu, Shuai Chen, Wen Zheng +7Hybrid CNN-Transformer ArchitecturesVisual SSMs

    Li Auto Inc. · University of Science and Technology of China

  12. S3VD: Semantic-Guidance Spatio-Temporal Scanning for Video Deraining

    Sep 18, 2026Kui Jiang, Yiang Chen, Yan Luo +3Video RestorationVisual SSMs

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China. · Zhengzhou Advanced Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

  13. Channel-Wise and Token-Aware Post-Training Quantization for Visual State Space Duality

    Sep 15, 2026Jonghyeon Lim, Changhoon YimVisual SSMsActivation Quantization

    Intelligent Image Processing Laboratory · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Konkuk University · Seoul, Republic of Korea

  14. MambaMPD: A Mamba-Driven Segmentation Framework for Marine Pollution Detection from Remote Sensing Imagery

    Sep 14, 2026Shuaiyu Chen, Wei Han, Peng Ren +2Remote Sensing Image SegmentationVisual SSMs

    Department of Computer Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom · School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China · College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, China

  15. SCDM: Spatial-Contextual Disentanglement Mamba via Differential Inference for Efficient Image Classification

    Sep 11, 2026Mustafa Bora Çelik, Hayriye Aktaş Dinçer, Ayse KelesVisual SSMsMedical Image Classification

    Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkiye · School of Computer Science, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland

  16. An Ultra-Widefield Swept-Source OCTA Dataset and a Polar-Gated Mamba Network for Retinal Vessel Segmentation

    Sep 11, 2026Yang Liu, Yibing Shen, Keming Zhao +12Medical ImagingRetinal Vessel Segmentation

    Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518109, China · Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · Medical Artificial Intelligence Lab, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China +2

  17. Physical Kernel: Structured Visual Latents for Dark Manipulation

    Sep 4, 2026Jinting Hang, Hong Li, Zhenhui Cai +2Robotic ManipulationContact-Rich Robotic Manipulation

    Harvest Praxis, China

  18. Semantic-Aware Subgraph State Space Model for WSI Classification in Histopathology

    Sep 3, 2026Feixing Chen, Hao Lu, Lin Luo +1Visual SSMsHistopathology Image Classification

    National College for Excellent Engineers Beihang University Beijing, P.R.C. 100191 · School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang University Beijing, P.R.C. 100191 · College of Engineering Peking University Beijing, P.R.C. 100871

  19. Cross-Architecture Knowledge Distillation from a Vision Foundation Model to a Lightweight Visual State Space Model for Tea Leaf Disease Classification

    Aug 27, 2026Zibo Zhou, Zongsen Qiu, Rui Chen +3Cross-Architecture Knowledge DistillationVisual SSMs

  20. FU-Mamba: A Frequency-Enhanced Dynamic Scanning Framework for Oralscan Image Segmentation

    Aug 27, 2026Xinxin Zhao, Jinpeng Ye, Bo Wei +8Medical Image SegmentationVisual SSMs

    School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, 310018, Hangzhou, China

  21. CRISP: Calibration-Aware Visual State Space Duality for Remote Sensing Semantic Segmentation

    Aug 24, 2026Kangning Wang, Haopeng Zhang, Zhiguo JiangSemantic SegmentationRemote Sensing Image Segmentation

    Tianmushan Laboratory, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China · Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 311115, China · School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing 102206, China +1

  22. Following Motion for Sequential Modeling in Video Frame Interpolation

    Aug 24, 2026Jaehyun Park, Nam Ik ChoVideo Frame InterpolationVisual SSMs

    IPAI, Seoul National University · Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, INMC, Seoul National University · SNUAILab

  23. SIGMA-Lane: Scale-pyramId Gated MAmba for Temporally Consistent Video Lane Detection

    Aug 17, 2026Tiancheng Zhang, Mengmeng Wang, Yan Gao +3Autonomous Driving PerceptionTemporal Consistency

    Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Visual Information Intelligent Processing, College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology

  24. CSG-Mamba: A Convolutional Scoring Gating Vision State Space Network for Endoscopic Polyp Segmentation

    Aug 14, 2026Yuliang Wang, Jiaqi Wu, Jiaye Song +1Polyp SegmentationMedical Image Segmentation

    School of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China

  25. KHiM-Mamba: Injecting Pathology Knowledge into Mamba via Hidden-State Modulation for Whole Slide Image Analysis

    Aug 14, 2026Qixiang Zhang, Yi Li, Tianqi Xiang +4Whole-Slide Image AnalysisState Space Models

    Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China · Center for Intelligent Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing University School of Medicine, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Oncology for Breast Cancer, Chongqing, 400030, China

  26. Loop-Mamba: A Loop Mamba with Degradation-Aware and Shared Memory for Old Photo Restoration

    Aug 3, 2026Runci Bai, Yucheng Xin, Pu Wang +8Visual SSMsImage Restoration

    China Academy of Information and Communications Technology · Shandong Normal University · Shandong University +5

  27. CoDe-SSM: Context-Detail Decoupled State Space Model for Efficient UHD Image Restoration

    Jul 31, 2026Jiaxu Su, Zhijian Wu, Jun Li +2Visual SSMsImage Restoration

    School of Computer and Electronic Information, Nanjing Normal University, China · Medical Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Westlake University, China

  28. Physics-Aware Complex-Valued State Space Model with Scattering-Prior Feature Modulation for PolSAR Image Classification

    Jul 22, 2026Fangyan Zhang, Fan Zhang, Shiqi Zhou +3Complex-Valued Neural NetworksVisual SSMs

    The College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China · The School of Information Science and Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming, China · The Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain

  29. Norm or Direction? Decoding Vision Mambas for High-Resolution Vision

    Jul 21, 2026Jin Yu, Juyoun ParkVisual Representation LearningVisual SSMs

    Center for Humanoid Research Korea Institute of Science and Technology

  30. BAT-RM: A Boundary-Aware Transformer with Region-Aware Multi-Directional Mamba for Clinically Deployed Cervical Cancer Radiotherapy Auto-Contouring

    Jul 11, 2026Istiak Ahmed, Kazi Shahriar Sanjid, Galib Ahmed +16Visual SSMsMedical Image Segmentation

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh · Big-Matrix Lab, Department of Mathematics and Physics, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh · Department of Data Science, Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University, 91054, Germany +8