Computational Pathology

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Overview

Computational pathology studies how to extract diagnostic and biological information from digitized tissue and cell images, including whole-slide images, biopsies, and cytology. Common approaches include convolutional and vision-transformer models, weakly supervised multiple-instance learning for slide-level labels, and segmentation or graph methods for cells and tissue structure; benchmarks such as CAMELYON and PANDA test detection and grading. Foundation and vision-language models increasingly align image features with reports, clinical records, and molecular data for retrieval, prognosis, virtual staining, and spatial gene-expression prediction. A central challenge is ensuring that models remain reliable across hospitals, scanners, and stains while producing interpretable evidence and demonstrating benefit in prospective clinical workflows.

Latest papers

CardsList

279 papers33 papers in the last four weeks, up 18% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. DALPHIN: Benchmarking Digital Pathology AI Copilots Against Pathologists on an Open Multicentric Dataset

    May 5, 2026Carlijn Lems, Sander Moonemans, Natálie Klubíčková +53Computational PathologyHealthcare

  2. NucEval: A Robust Evaluation Framework for Nuclear Instance Segmentation

    May 4, 2026Amirreza Mahbod, Ramona Woitek, Jeanne ShenComputational PathologyInstance Segmentation

    Research Center for Medical Image Analysis and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, Krems an der Donau, Austria · Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA · Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine & Imaging, Stanford University, USA

  3. Validation of an AI-based end-to-end model for prostate pathology using long-term archived routine samples

    May 4, 2026Xiaoyi Ji, Renata Zelic, Oskar Aspegren +11Computational PathologyDomain Generalization

    Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden · Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden · Department of Pelvic Cancer, Cancer Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden +8

  4. Semantic Context-aware mOdality fUsion Transformer (SCOUT): A Context-Aware Multimodal Transformer for Concept-Grounded Pathology Report Generation

    May 1, 2026Suryakant Singh, Saarthak Kapse, Joel Saltz +1Computational PathologyMedical Report Generation

    Stony Brook University

  5. Federated Distillation for Whole Slide Image via Gaussian-Mixture Feature Alignment and Curriculum Integration

    May 1, 2026Luru Jing, Cong Cong, Yanyuan Chen +1Computational PathologyDataset Distillation

    School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China · Center for Health Informatics, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2113, Australia · School of Data Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

  6. Linking spatial biology and clinical histology via Haiku

    Apr 30, 2026Yan Cui, Jacob S. Leiby, Wenhui Lei +6Computational PathologyHealthcare

    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA · Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA · Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA +1

  7. Retrieval-Guided Generation for Safer Histopathology Image Captioning

    Apr 27, 2026Md. Enamul Hoq, Wataru Uegami, Saghir Alfasly +6Multimodal RAGComputational Pathology

    Kimia Lab, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA · Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA +2

  8. Semantic Segmentation for Histopathology using Learned Regularization based on Global Proportions

    Apr 27, 2026Yangping Li, Thomas Pinetz, Michael Hölzel +2Computational PathologyImage Segmentation

    Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany · Institute for Applied Mathematics, University of Bonn, Endenicher Allee 60, 53115 Bonn, Germany · Institute of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany

  9. VitaminP: cross-modal learning enables whole-cell segmentation from routine histology

    Apr 26, 2026Yasin Shokrollahi, Karina B. Pinao Gonzales, Elizve N. Barrientos Toro +5Cross-Modal LearningComputational Pathology

    Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. · Institute for Data Science in Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. · The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

  10. Weakly Supervised Multicenter Nancy Index Scoring in Ulcerative Colitis Using Foundation Models

    Apr 26, 2026Adam Kukučka, Ondřej Fabián, Vít Musil +1Computational PathologyPathology Foundation Models

    Masaryk University, Faculty of Informatics, Brno, Czech Republic · Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic

  11. Leveraging Cell-level Spatial Transcriptomics as Weak Supervision for Nuclei Classification

    Apr 26, 2026Kazuya Nishimura, Ryoma Bise, Haruka Hirose +1Computational PathologyHistopathology Image Segmentation

    The University of Osaka, Osaka, Japan · National Cancer Center Tokyo, Japan · Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

  12. Attention-based multiple instance learning for predominant growth pattern prediction in lung adenocarcinoma wsi using foundation models

    Apr 23, 2026Laura Valeria Perez-Herrera, M. J. Garcia-Gonzalez, Karen Lopez-LinaresComputational PathologyPathology Foundation Models

    * Vicomtech Foundation, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) · ± eHealth Group, Bioengineering Area, Biogipuzkoa Health Research Institute

  13. A Digital Pathology Resource for Liver Cancer Quantification with Datasets, Benchmarks, and Tools

    Apr 22, 2026Ying Xiao, Shimiao Tang, Xitong Ling +11Computational PathologyImage Segmentation

    Department of Pathology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China · Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China

  14. Is SAM3 ready for pathology segmentation?

    Apr 20, 2026Qiuyu Kong, Shakiba Sharifi, Yiming Wang +2Computational PathologyImage Segmentation

    Sapienza University of Rome · University of Verona · Fondazione Bruno Kessler

  15. PBSBench: A Multi-Level Vision-Language Framework and Benchmark for Hematopathology Whole Slide Image Interpretation

    Apr 19, 2026Yuanlong Wang, Weichi Chen, Adrian Rajab +4Computational PathologyMedical VQA

    The Ohio State University · The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

  16. Multimodal Fusion of Histopathology Images and Electronic Health Records for Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis

    Apr 18, 2026Aditya Shribhagwan Khandelwal, Mohammad Samar Ansari, Asra AslamBreast CancerComputational Pathology

    University of Sheffield, UK · University of Chester, UK

  17. SegMix:Shuffle-based Feedback Learning for Semantic Segmentation of Pathology Images

    Apr 17, 2026Zhiling Yan, Sicheng Chen, Tianyi Zhang +3Computational PathologyImage Segmentation

    JD AI Research, Beijing, China · School of Microelectronics, Xi’an Jiaotong University · Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University

  18. A Multi-Stage Optimization Pipeline for Bethesda Cell Detection in Pap Smear Cytology

    Apr 15, 2026Martin Amster, Camila María PolottoObject DetectionComputational Pathology

    Instituto de Ciencias de la Computación (ICC), CONICET-UBA · Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires · Instituto de Física Interdisciplinaria y Aplicada, Departamento de Física, Universidad de Buenos Aires

  19. OpenTME: An Open Dataset of AI-powered H&E Tumor Microenvironment Profiles from TCGA

    Apr 13, 2026Maaike Galama, Nina Kozar-Gillan, Christina Embacher +18Computational PathologyWhole-Slide Image Analysis

    Aignostics, Germany · Institute of Pathology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany · Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, US +7

  20. Cluster-First Labelling: An Automated Pipeline for Segmentation and Morphological Clustering in Histology Whole Slide Images

    Apr 10, 2026Muhammad Haseeb Ahmad, Sharmila Rajendran, Damion Young +1Whole-Slide Image AnalysisMicroscopy Image Analysis

    Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, United Kingdom · Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom · Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, United Kingdom

  21. UniSemAlign: Text-Prototype Alignment with a Foundation Encoder for Semi-Supervised Histopathology Segmentation

    Apr 10, 2026Le-Van Thai, Tien Dat Nguyen, Hoai Nhan Pham +3Histopathology Image SegmentationSemi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

    AI VIETNAM Lab, Vietnam · Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam

  22. Cross-Modal Knowledge Distillation from Spatial Transcriptomics to Histology

    Apr 10, 2026Arbel Hizmi, Artemii Bakulin, Shai Bagon +1Computational PathologyCross-Modal Knowledge Distillation

    Weizmann Institute of Science · Reichman University

  23. HistDiT: A Structure-Aware Latent Conditional Diffusion Model for High-Fidelity Virtual Staining in Histopathology

    Apr 9, 2026Aasim Bin Saleem, Amr Ahmed, Ardhendu Behera +5Virtual StainingComputational Pathology

    Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, L39 4QP, United Kingdom · University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia · University of Southampton Malaysia, 79100 Iskandar Puteri, Malaysia +1

  24. Plug-and-Play Logit Fusion for Heterogeneous Pathology Foundation Models

    Apr 9, 2026Gexin Huang, Anqi Li, Yusheng Tan +4Computational PathologyEnsemble Learning

    University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada · Vector Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada · Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA

  25. Needle in a Haystack: One-Class Representation Learning for Detecting Rare Malignant Cells in Computational Cytology

    Apr 9, 2026Swarnadip Chatterjee, Vladimir Basic, Arrigo Capitanio +2Whole-Slide Image AnalysisComputational Pathology

    Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, Sweden · Department of Clinical Diagnostics, School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Sweden · Department of Pathology, Linköping University Hospital, Sweden

  26. MorphDistill: Distilling Unified Morphological Knowledge from Pathology Foundation Models for Colorectal Cancer Survival Prediction

    Apr 7, 2026Hikmat Khan, Usama Sajjad, Metin N. Gurcan +4Cancer Survival PredictionComputational Pathology

    Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA · Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA

  27. A Generative Foundation Model for Multimodal Histopathology

    Apr 4, 2026Jinxi Xiang, Mingjie Li, Siyu Hou +9Computational PathologyPathology Foundation Models

    Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA · Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA · Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT +5

  28. Center-Aware Detection with Swin-based Co-DETR Framework for Cervical Cytology

    Apr 2, 2026Yan Kong, Yuan Yin, Hongan Chen +2Object DetectionMedical Image Localization

    School of Intelligence Science and Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. · School of Biomedical Engineering, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China. · State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.

  29. MOOZY: A Patient-First Foundation Model for Computational Pathology

    Mar 27, 2026Yousef Kotp, Vincent Quoc-Huy Trinh, Christopher Pal +1Computational PathologySelf-Supervised Pre-Training

    CSSE, Concordia University, Montréal, Canada · Mila – Québec AI Institute, Montréal, Canada · CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada +4

  30. LEMON: a foundation model for nuclear morphology in Computational Pathology

    Mar 26, 2026Loïc Chadoutaud, Alice Blondel, Hana Feki +3Computational PathologyPathology Foundation Models

    Institut Curie, Paris, France · Mines Paris PSL, Centre for Computational Biology · INSERM U1331, Paris, France +6