Computational Pathology

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Overview

Computational pathology studies how to extract diagnostic and biological information from digitized tissue and cell images, including whole-slide images, biopsies, and cytology. Common approaches include convolutional and vision-transformer models, weakly supervised multiple-instance learning for slide-level labels, and segmentation or graph methods for cells and tissue structure; benchmarks such as CAMELYON and PANDA test detection and grading. Foundation and vision-language models increasingly align image features with reports, clinical records, and molecular data for retrieval, prognosis, virtual staining, and spatial gene-expression prediction. A central challenge is ensuring that models remain reliable across hospitals, scanners, and stains while producing interpretable evidence and demonstrating benefit in prospective clinical workflows.

Latest papers

CardsList

279 papers33 papers in the last four weeks, up 18% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. Reliability-Aware Hybrid-K Ensemble Selection for Cervical Cytology Classification: Integrating Discrimination, Calibration, and Selective Prediction

    Sep 1, 2026Nisreen Albzour, Sarah S. LamComputational PathologyEnsemble Learning

    School of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA

  2. Reliable Benchmarking of Artifact Detection in Computational Pathology: A Reproducibility and Uncertainty Analysis

    Aug 31, 2026Konstantinos Moutselos, Ilias MaglogiannisComputational PathologyUncertainty Quantification

    Department of Digital Systems, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece

  3. Whole-Slide Image Analysis under Realistic Few-Shot Annotation Protocols

    Aug 31, 2026Tiffanie Godelaine, Maxime Zanella, Karim El Khoury +2Computational PathologyConditional Random Fields

    Institute of Information and Communication Technologies, Electronics, and Applied Mathematics (ICTEAM), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

  4. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) in Computational Pathology: Definitions, Taxonomy, and Recommendations

    Aug 28, 2026Shubham Innani, Suhang You, Adam Shephard +13Explainable Medical Image AnalysisComputational Pathology

    Division of Computational Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA · Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA · Tissue Image Analytics Centre, Department of Computer Science, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK +11

  5. EXPOSE: Explainable and Domain-Robust Embeddings from Pathology Vision Foundation Models using Sparse Autoencoders

    Aug 28, 2026Anja Witte, Maximilian Lennartz, Jan Baumbach +4Computational PathologyPathology Foundation Models

    Institute of Medical Systems Bioinformatics, Center for Biomedical AI (bAIome), Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg (ZMNH), Hamburg Center for Translational Immunology (HCTI), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany · Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany · Institute of Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany +2

  6. STEP: A Modular Silent Trial Engine for Operational Evaluation of Digital Pathology AI in Routine Workflow

    Aug 27, 2026Gabriele Campanella, Matthew Croken, Olga Lukatskaya +4Computational PathologyScientific Workflow Automation

    Windreich Department of AI and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York · Hasso Platner Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York · Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York +2

  7. Decoupled I/O-Dominant Pipelines for Large-Scale Whole-Slide Image Embedding Extraction

    Aug 27, 2026Mayanka Chandrashekar, Xi Zhang, Ethan Seefried +3Whole-Slide Image AnalysisDistributed Inference

    Oak Ridge National Laboratory

  8. Destroy Me: Automatic Artifact Generation for Histopathology Images

    Aug 27, 2026Zuzanna Krawczyk-Borysiak, Adam Krawczyk, Mateusz Miller +4Synthetic Data AugmentationImage Corruption Robustness

    IDEAS Research Institute, Poland · Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland · Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland +2

  9. VIPER: An Expert-Curated Benchmark for Vision-Language Models in Veterinary Pathology

    Aug 26, 2026Luca L. Weishaupt, Simone de Brot, Javier Asin +9VLM EvaluationPathology VQA

    Harvard-MIT HST · Mass General Brigham · Harvard Medical School +6

  10. LUCAID: Agentic Multimodal AI for Lung Cancer Precision Pathology

    Aug 24, 2026Marie-Lisa Eich, Kai Standvoss, Timo Milbich +30Computational PathologyHistopathology Image Segmentation

    Institute of Pathology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany · Berlin Institute of Health at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH · Charité Digital Clinician +13

  11. An end-to-end-trained vision-language model for native-language prostate pathology report generation

    Aug 24, 2026Christian Grashei, Fabian Gülhan, Maximilian Legnar +4Prostate Cancer GradingMedical Report Generation

    Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany · Munich Data Science Institute, Munich, Germany · Munich Center for Machine Learning, Munich, Germany +2

  12. CellPath-Bench: A Multidimensional Benchmark for Whole-Slide Cellular Representations in Pathology Foundation Models

    Aug 21, 2026Bokai Zhao, Yiyang Zhang, Hanqing Chao +6Computational PathologyPathology Foundation Models

    School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. · Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences. · DAMO Academy, Alibaba Group. +1

  13. Learning latent progression states from spatial heterogeneity in uterine histopathology

    Aug 18, 2026Qiming He, Yan Liu, Shuang Ge +20Multi-Omics Data IntegrationComputational Pathology

    Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute for Medical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China

  14. Lymphocyte Mimicry Correction via Region-Level Tissue Reasoning and Unbalanced Optimal Transport

    Aug 17, 2026Xiang Li, Yuqi Wang, Casey C. Heirman +2Computational PathologyHistopathology Image Classification

    Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, US · Medical Physics Graduate Program, Duke University, US · Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, US +3

  15. Concept-based explanation of gene expression prediction from H&E images

    Aug 17, 2026Amos Muench, Jonathan Thielmann, Reduan Achtibat +9Gene Expression Prediction from Histopathology ImagesComputational Pathology

    Institute of Pathology – Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany · Fraunhofer Heinrich-Hertz-Institute, Berlin, Germany · Center for Computational Biology (CBIO), Mines Paris, PSL University, Paris, France +5

  16. Interactive Whole Slide Images for RL-based Tumour Segmentation

    Aug 17, 2026Mohamad Mohamad, Francesco Ponzio, Maxime Gassier +2Medical Image SegmentationHistopathology Image Segmentation

    Universit´e Cˆote d’Azur, Inria, CNRS, I3S, INSERM, IBV, Sophia Antipolis, France · Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy · Department of Pathology, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique–Hˆopitaux de Paris, Paris, France

  17. Comprehensive Benchmarking of Deep Learning Architectures for Lung Cancer Histopathology

    Aug 16, 2026Hadi Hasan, Safaa Salman, Lama Sleem +2Histopathology Image ClassificationComputational Pathology

    Electrical and Computer Engineering American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon · Computational Science American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon · Industrial Engineering American University of Beirut Beirut, Lebanon

  18. Decomposing Whole Slide Image Report Generation with Graph-Constrained Multiple Instance Learning Workflows

    Aug 15, 2026Antony Gitau, Martyna Borak, Bjørn-Jostein Singstad +4Medical Report GenerationComputational Pathology

    Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Borre, Norway · Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway · Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Zabrze, Poland +1

  19. Spatial Message Passing in Language Space for Pathology Image Interpretation

    Aug 14, 2026Jing-Cheng Yang, Hao-Jung Wang, Jinhao Du +4Whole-Slide Image AnalysisComputational Pathology

    National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan · University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom · ZYTCA Limited, Oxford, United Kingdom

  20. Clinical Feasibility of Low-Magnification Fluorescence Imaging for Breast Cancer Margin Detection Using Texture Analysis and Deep Learning

    Aug 11, 2026Pouya Afshin, Tianling Niu, Tongtong Lu +6Computational PathologyOncology

    Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA · Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA · Department of Engineering and Engineering Technology, University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh, Oshkosh, WI, USA +3

  21. One Model to Magnify Them All: Efficient Scale-Invariant Histopathology via Conditional Normalization and Continuous Magnification Training

    Aug 10, 2026Agnieszka Florkowska, Henning Müller, Marek WodzinskiComputational PathologyHistopathology Image Segmentation

    Sano Centre for Computational Medicine, Krakow, Poland · AGH University of Krakow, al. Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland · Institute of Informatics, HES-SO Valais-Wallis, Sierre, Switzerland +1

  22. VOICE: A Vision-Omics Foundation Model Integrating Direct and Retrieval-Based Prediction of In-situ Single-Cell Gene Expression

    Aug 8, 2026Xin Luo, Yicheng Tao, Haoxuan Zeng +6Computational PathologySpatial Transcriptomics

    University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA · Weill Cornell Medicine New York, New York, USA

  23. Explanation Stability of Test-Time Adaptation in Computational Pathology: A Large-Scale Benchmark

    Aug 7, 2026R. G. Bahumanya, Harshith V. M., Shreyank N. Gowda +1Computational PathologyTest-Time Adaptation

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India · School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

  24. Beyond Relevance: Bayesian Evidence Acquisition for Agentic Whole-Slide Image Reasoning

    Aug 6, 2026Bryan Wong, Xun Xu, Huazhu Fu +2Visual Question AnsweringComputational Pathology

    1Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) · Institute of Advanced Intelligence and Computing (IAIC), A*STAR · Centre for Frontier AI Research (CFAR), A*STAR

  25. Bag-of-Visual-Words for Spatial Mapping of Lung Adenocarcinoma Growth Patterns

    Aug 5, 2026Darya Ardan, Valentin Oreiller, Henning MüllerComputational PathologyOncology

    Department of Computer Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland · Informatics Institute, University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland (HES-SO Valais), Sierre, Switzerland · Radiology Service, Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

  26. Morphology-Aware Implicit Super-Resolution Network for Pathological Images

    Aug 4, 2026Jiaming Liang, QiHui Han, Haolin Chen +5Computational PathologyImplicit Neural Representations

    School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China · School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China · School of Future Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China +1

  27. S3^3-Diff: Structural Semantic Synergy Diffusion Model for High Fidelity Super Resolution of Pathological Images

    Aug 4, 2026Jiaming Liang, QiHui Han, Guangye Ou +6Computational PathologyDiffusion Models for Image Restoration

    South China University of Technology Software Engineering Guangzhou, China · South China University of Technology School of Future Technology Guangzhou, China

  28. AI-guided deep visual proteomics reveals recurrence-associated morpho-molecular signatures within triple-negative breast cancers

    Aug 4, 2026Yesung Cho, Ji Hwan Park, Chan Il Kim +28Breast CancerComputational Pathology

    OmixAI Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea · Meteor Biotech Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea · Oncocross Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea +4

  29. SAGE: Semantic Explainability of Attention-Based Survival Models in Computational Pathology

    Aug 3, 2026Abdallah Lamane, Abdul Rahman Diab, Ren-Chin Wu +1Computational PathologyCancer Survival Prediction

    Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA · Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA · Department of Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA +2

  30. Training-Free Out-of-Distribution Detection for Pathology Whole-Slide Images

    Aug 2, 2026Sabri Mustafa Kahya, Richard R. Chen, Muhammet Sami Yavuz +4Computational PathologyOOD Detection