CoT Reasoning

CoT: Chain-of-Thought

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12 papers in the last four weeks, up 71% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

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REFACT: Adaptive Fact Restatement for Compact and Faithful Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
Jul 23, 2026Zhensheng Jin, Xin Dai, Zhenghao Liu +5LLM Grounding Long-Context QA
Northeastern University · Shenyang, China · Tsinghua University +1
Cognitive Dual-Process Planning for Autonomous Driving with Structured Scene Knowledge and Verifiable Reasoning-Action Consistency
Jul 21, 2026Zhongyao Yang, Haoyu Li, Yu Yan +3VLMs for Autonomous Driving CoT Reasoning
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, Beijing, China · National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, Beijing, China · School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, Jiangsu, China +1
A Geometric Perspective on Stabilizing Value Conflict Resolution
Jul 20, 2026Saket Reddy, Andy LiuLLM Alignment Moral Reasoning in Language Models
Supervised Program for Alignment Research (SPAR) · University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign · Carnegie Mellon University
Training Continuous Chain of Thought Models: A Tale of Two Regimes
Jul 18, 2026Varun Yerram, He He, Eunsol ChoiCoT Reasoning Continuous Latent Reasoning
Center for Data Science, New York University
When Reasoning Hurts Legal Drafting: The Verbalization Bottleneck in Patent Claim Generation
Jul 11, 2026Lekang Jiang, Wenjun Sun, Stephan GoetzLLM Prompting CoT Reasoning
University of Cambridge · National Science Library, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Information Resources Management, School of Economics and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Structured Thoughts For Improved Reasoning And Context Pruning
Jul 11, 2026Zain Sarwar, Supriyo Chakraborty, Berkcan Kapusuzoglu +5CoT Reasoning Efficient Language Model Reasoning
University of Chicago · Capital One
The Optimal Sample Complexity of Learning Autoregressive Chain-of-Thought
Jul 8, 2026Zhiyuan LiCoT Reasoning PAC Learning
Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago
Purified OPSD: On-Policy Self-Distillation Without Losing How to Think
Jul 2, 2026Zhanming Shen, Jintao Tong, Shaotian Yan +9CoT Distillation On-Policy Self-Distillation
1Zhejiang University · 2Tongyi Lab, Alibaba Group · 3Huazhong University of Science and Technology +1
Revisiting Chain-of-Thought Reasoning under Limited Supervision: Semi-supervised Chain-of-Thought Learning
Jul 1, 2026Hongyang He, Jiuming Liu, Victor SanchezSelf-Training for Language Models CoT Reasoning
University of Warwick · University of Cambridge
Bridging the Gap Between Latent and Explicit Reasoning with Looped Transformers
Jun 30, 2026Ying Fan, Anej Svete, Kangwook LeeCoT Reasoning Recurrent Transformers
Microsoft Research · 2ETH Zürich · 3KRAFTON +1
Does Verbose Chain-of-Thought Really Help? In-Distribution Evidence that Content, Not Length, Matters
Jun 29, 2026Wenlong Wang, Fergal ReidLLM Prompting CoT Reasoning
Fin AI Research
Latent-CURE for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Jun 29, 2026Weiyi Zhao, Xiaoyu Tan, Lu Gan +2Breast Cancer Long-Tail Learning
School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China · Tencent YouTu Lab, Shanghai 200232, China · Integrative Clinical Research Ward, Clinical Medicine Research Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
Do Models Read What They Write? Causal Registers in Scratchpad Reasoning
Jun 28, 2026Benjamin Shih, John Winnicki, Eric DarveCoT Faithfulness CoT Reasoning
Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering Stanford University
Improving General Role-Playing Agents via Psychology-Grounded Reasoning and Role-Aware Policy Optimization
Jun 25, 2026Zhenhua Xu, Dongsheng Chen, Jian Li +7Large Language Model-Based Role-Play Simulation Personality Modeling in Language Models
1Zhejiang University · 2Tencent Youtu Lab
Where Do CoT Training Gains Land in LLM based Agents?
Jun 25, 2026Jingyu Liu, Zhiwen Wang, Yuxin Jing +2CoT Reasoning LLM Agents
Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of China, Beijing, China · ByteDance · Beijing Key Laboratory of Research on Large Models and Intelligent Governance +1
Do Safety Guardrails Need to Reason? LeanGuard: A Fast and Light Approach for Robust Moderation
Jun 25, 2026Dongbin NaLLM Guardrails CoT Reasoning
POSTECH
ISCSLP 2026 CoT-TTS Challenge: Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Context-Aware Text-to-Speech
Jun 20, 2026Wei Xue, Junlan Feng, Shilei Zhang +9TTS Synthesis TTS Evaluation
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology · China Mobile · Jiutian Artificial Intelligence Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., China Mobile +3
MammoExpert: Benchmarking Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Mammography Diagnosis
Jun 19, 2026Di Dai, Bo Liu, Youcheng Li +9Medical Imaging CoT Reasoning
State Key Laboratory of General Artificial Intelligence, School of Intelligence Science and Technology, Peking University Beijing, China · School of Computer Science and Engineer, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing, China · Center for Data Science, Peking University Beijing, China +5
Efficiently Representing Algorithms With Chain-of-Thought Transformers
Jun 18, 2026Yanhong Li, Anej Svete, Ashish Sabharwal +1Transformer CoT Reasoning
Allen Institute for AI · ETH Zürich
Beyond Visual Cues: CoT-Enhanced Reasoning for Semi-supervised Medical Image Segmentation
Jun 16, 2026Yuming Chen, Yuxin Xie, Tao Zhou +1CoT Reasoning Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China · Key Laboratory of New Generation Artiﬁcial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China · Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Robust Dual-Signal Fusion: Hybrid Neuro-Symbolic Gating with Compressed Chain-of-Thought Refinement for Irony Detection in Social Media Texts
Jun 15, 2026Ankit Bhattacharjee, Krityapriya BhaumikCoT Reasoning Neuro-Symbolic Reasoning
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India
Free Energy Heuristics: Fast-And-Frugal Cognition as Active Inference Under Uncertain Precision
Jun 14, 2026Alex BogdanCognitive Modeling Active Inference
Evolutionairy AI Toronto, Canada
ttda704 at SemEval-2026 Task 6: Structured Chain-of-Thought Prompting for Political Evasion Detection
Jun 14, 2026Tai Tran Tan, An Dinh ThienCoT Reasoning Pragmatic Reasoning in Language Models
University of Information Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam · Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
RoboPIN: Grounded Embodied Reasoning via Pinned Chain-of-Thought
Jun 14, 2026Yaoting Huang, Yifu Yuan, Linqi Han +6Visual Spatial Reasoning CoT Reasoning
1Tianjin University
Integrating Reasoning and Generalization in Text-to-SQL via Self-Enhanced Fine-Tuning
Jun 14, 2026Feng Lyu, Jinfeng Cen, Sijing Duan +4Self-Training for Language Models LLM Fine-Tuning
Central South University · Tsinghua University · Nanjing University +1
CoRA: Confidence-Rationale Alignment for Reliable Chain-of-Thought Reasoning
Jun 12, 2026Juming Xiong, Weixin Liu, Kevin Guo +9CoT Reasoning RL for Language Model Reasoning
Vanderbilt University · Vanderbilt University Medical Center · Intuit AI Research
The Periodic Table of LLM Reasoning: A Structured Survey of Reasoning Paradigms, Methods, and Failure Modes
Jun 9, 2026Avinash Anand, Mahisha Ramesh, Avni Mittal +7CoT Reasoning RL for Language Model Reasoning
SIT × Nvidia AI Center (SNAIC) · MIDAS Lab, IIIT Delhi · MIDAS Lab, IIT Mandi +4
Tight Sample Complexity of Transformers
Jun 8, 2026Chenxiao Yang, Nathan Srebro, Zhiyuan LiTransformer Expressivity Transformer
Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago (TTIC)
IS-CoT: Breaking the Long-form Generation Collapse via Interleaved Structural Thinking
Jun 8, 2026Zechen Sun, Yuyang Sun, Zecheng Tang +6Open-Ended Generation Long-Form Document Generation
Institute of Computer Science and Technology, Soochow University · 2Information Research Center of Military Science, PLA Academy of Military Science
Sample-Efficient LLM-Based Detection of Malicious Web Server Logs with Forensically Explainable Reasoning
Jun 7, 2026Bernhard Kneip, Nhien-An Le-Khac, Hong-Hanh Nguyen-LeExplainable Artificial Intelligence CoT Reasoning

Jul 23, 2026, cs.CLJ/K move · Enter open · S save

REFACT: Adaptive Fact Restatement for Compact and Faithful Chain-of-Thought Reasoning

Zhensheng Jin, Xin Dai, Zhenghao Liu, Chaojun Xiao+4

Northeastern University · Shenyang, China · Tsinghua University+1

LLM Grounding Long-Context QA CoT Reasoning

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Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly leverage long-form reasoning to solve complex tasks, yet their reasoning processes can deviate from the provided context when evidence is incomplete, noisy, or conflicts with parametric knowledge. Existing grounding approaches either append citations after generation or encourage LLMs to retrieve evidence during reasoning, but they often fail to ensure that cited information is sufficient to support intermediate inferences and final answers. To address this limitation, we propose REFACT, an adaptive fact-restatement citation framework that enables LLMs to determine when contextual grounding is needed and selectively restate source facts at appropriate levels of detail for reliable reasoning. To facilitate adaptive citation during reasoning, REFACT first leverages a teacher LLM to construct high-quality citation-aware reasoning trajectories under diverse context conditions with varying evidence lengths, and then optimizes the student LLM through a two-stage SFT-to-RL framework. Experiments on LongBench, LV-Eval, and ConFiQA demonstrate that REFACT improves long-context question answering and counterfactual faithfulness while substantially reducing the number of reasoning tokens. Further analysis reveals that REFACT achieves higher evidence density by preserving more answer-relevant facts with fewer restatements, producing reasoning traces that are more concise yet better grounded. All code and data will be released via https://github.com/NEUIR/REFACT.

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