Fault Detection

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Overview

Fault detection studies how to recognize departures from normal operation and, increasingly, identify their source, severity, or likely consequences. Common approaches include statistical residuals and change-point tests, supervised classifiers, reconstruction-based anomaly detection, and temporal models trained on sensor, audio, image, or system-log data; physics-based models and domain knowledge can make their decisions easier to verify. Methods are tested on settings ranging from rotating machinery and power grids to industrial inspection, spacecraft telemetry, and software agents, with growing attention to online monitoring and edge deployment. A central challenge is detecting rare or unfamiliar faults while keeping false alarms low under changing operating conditions, and strong detection scores do not always translate into reliable fault localization or recovery.

Latest papers

CardsList

105 papers13 papers in the last four weeks, down 7% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. On Using Machine Learning to Early Detect Catastrophic Failures in Marine Diesel Engines

    Mar 13, 2026Francesco Maione, Paolo Lino, Giuseppe Giannino +1Fault DetectionTime-Series Anomaly Detection

  2. Prompt-Driven Lightweight Foundation Model for Instance Segmentation-Based Fault Detection in Freight Trains

    Mar 13, 2026Guodong Sun, Qihang Liang, Xingyu Pan +2Fault DetectionInstance Segmentation

    the School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China · The Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quality Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China · the School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China

  3. Towards Cognitive Defect Analysis in Active Infrared Thermography with Vision-Text Cues

    Mar 11, 2026Mohammed Salah, Eman Ouda, Giuseppe Dell'Avvocato +6Fault DetectionThermal Imaging

  4. Towards Differentiating Between Failures and Domain Shifts in Industrial Data Streams

    Mar 9, 2026Natalia Wojak-Strzelecka, Szymon Bobek, Grzegorz J. Nalepa +1Industrial Anomaly DetectionFault Detection

    1Jagiellonian Human-Centered AI Lab, Mark Kac Center for Complex Systems Research, Institute of Applied Computer Science, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, ul. prof. Stanisława Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland · Institute of Computing Science, Poznań University of Technology, 60-965 Poznań, Poland

  5. Toward Multimodal Industrial Fault Analysis: A Single-Speed Chain Conveyor Dataset with Audio and Vibration Signals

    Mar 7, 2026Zhang Chen, Yucong Zhang, Xiaoxiao Miao +1Industrial Fault DiagnosisFault Detection

    Digital Innovation Research Center, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, China · School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China · School of Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China +1

  6. MultiSolSegment: Multi-channel segmentation of overlapping features in electroluminescence images of photovoltaic cells

    Mar 6, 2026Ojas Sanghi, Norman Jost, Benjamin G. Pierce +3Image SegmentationFault Detection

    Sandia National Laboratories · Sandia National Laboratories, 1515 Eubank Blvd SE, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87123, USA · Case Western Reserve University +3

  7. Failure Detection in Chemical Processes Using Symbolic Machine Learning: A Case Study on Ethylene Oxidation

    Mar 6, 2026Julien Amblard, Niklas Groll, Matthew Tait +3Fault DetectionInterpretable ML

    Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom · Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark · ILASP Limited, London, United Kingdom

  8. Technical Report: Automated Optical Inspection of Surgical Instruments

    Mar 6, 2026Zunaira Shafqat, Atif Aftab Ahmed Jilani, Qurrat Ul AinFault DetectionIndustrial Inspection

    Authors are with National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences (FAST-NUCES), Islamabad, Pakistan

  9. Tureis: Transformer-based Unified Resilience for IoT Devices in Smart Homes

    Mar 5, 2026Alireza Borhani, Vafa Andalibi, Bahar AsgariFault DetectionFault Localization

    University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA · Google, Manhattan, NY, USA

  10. Learning Rewards, Not Labels: Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Machinery Fault Detection

    Feb 25, 2026Dhiraj Neupane, Richard Dazeley, Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek +1Fault DetectionUnsupervised Anomaly Detection

    Deakin University Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia

  11. Data-Driven Supervision of a Thermal-Hydraulic Process Towards a Physics-Based Digital Twin

    Feb 25, 2026Osimone Imhogiemhe, Yoann Jus, Hubert Lejeune +1Fault DetectionProcess Supervision

    LS2N, LS2N - équipe SIMS, Nantes Univ - ECN · Nantes Univ., Centrale Nantes LS2N, CNRS UMR 6004 F-44000 Nantes, France · Cetim +1

  12. Depth-Enhanced YOLO-SAM2 Detection for Reliable Ballast Insufficiency Identification

    Feb 21, 2026Shiyu Liu, Dylan Lester, Husnu Narman +2Fault DetectionObject Detection

    Department of Biomedical and Electrical Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA. · Department of Computer Science, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA. · Department of Civil Engineering, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA.

  13. Real time fault detection in 3D printers using Convolutional Neural Networks and acoustic signals

    Feb 18, 2026Muhammad Fasih Waheed, Shonda BernadinFault DetectionAdditive Manufacturing

    Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, USA

  14. Fault Detection in Electrical Distribution System using Autoencoders

    Feb 16, 2026Sidharthenee Nayak, Victor Sam Moses Babu, Chandrashekhar Narayan Bhende +2Power System Fault DiagnosisFault Detection

    ABB Ability Innovation Center, Asea Brown Boveri Company, Hyderabad, 500084, India. · School of Electrical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, 751013, India. · Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India.

  15. CWT-Enhanced Vibration Sensing With Time-Frequency Region Localization Using YOLO

    Sep 3, 2025Po-Heng Chou, Wei-Lung Mao, Ru-Ping Lin +2Fault DetectionYou Only Look Once

    Research Center for Information Technology Innovation (CITI), Academia Sinica (AS), Taipei 11529, Taiwan · Department of Electrical Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology (NYUST), Yunlin 64002, Taiwan