Image Classification

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Overview

Image classification studies how to assign one or more labels to an image, supporting applications from species identification and medical diagnosis to document processing and remote sensing. Common approaches include convolutional neural networks, vision transformers, and pretrained vision-language models, trained with supervised, self-supervised, transfer, or few-shot learning. Researchers also develop data augmentation, hierarchical prediction, uncertainty estimation, and efficient models for settings such as ImageNet, corruption benchmarks, and specialized domain datasets. A central challenge is that strong accuracy on standard test sets may not transfer under distribution shifts or reveal reliance on spurious cues, while improving robustness, calibration, and efficiency can involve trade-offs.

Latest papers

CardsList

391 papers29 papers in the last four weeks, down 34% on the four weeks before. 0.2% of all new papers.

  1. How many labels do you need? A decision framework for cross-habitat marine species recognition

    Jun 28, 2026Alzayat Saleh, Mostafa Rahimi AzghadiDomain GeneralizationVision Foundation Model Adaptation

    College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia · Centre for AI and Data Science Innovation, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia

  2. FedLAS: Feature-Modulated Bidirectional Label Smoothing for Neural Network Calibration

    Jun 26, 2026Thiru Thillai Nadarasar Bahavan, Sachith Seneviratne, Saman HalgamugeModel CalibrationImage Classification

    The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia

  3. A Unified Framework for Vision Transformers Equivariant to Discrete Subgroups of O(2)\mathrm{O}(2)

    Jun 26, 2026Tīkun Ông, Georg BökmanVision TransformerEquivariant Neural Networks

    Independent Researcher · University of Amsterdam

  4. From Dataset Spectral Geometry to Network Weights: A Geometry-Aware Initialization for Sigmoidal MLPs in Image Classification

    Jun 26, 2026Yi-Shan ChuMultilayer PerceptronsNeural Network Initialization

    Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)

  5. Beyond Points: Spherical Distributional Part Prototypes for Interpretable Classification

    Jun 25, 2026Duarte Leão, Diogo Pereira Araújo, Catarina Barata +1Prototype-Based ClassificationImage Classification

    Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa · Carnegie Mellon University

  6. DnA: Denoising Attention for Visual Tasks

    Jun 25, 2026Ron Campos, Subhajit Maity, Xin Li +2Visual AttentionVision Transformer

    University of Central Florida, USA · University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA

  7. AEGIS: A Semantic GAN and Evidential Learning Frameworkfor Robust Adversarial Detection in Vision Sensors

    Jun 25, 2026Maher Boughdiri, Mounira Msahli, Albert BifetAdversarial Example DetectionImage Classification

    LTCI, Département Informatique et Réseaux, Télécom Paris, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, France

  8. Predicting Fruit Quality with a Hybrid Machine Learning and Image Processing Approach

    Jun 24, 2026Amir Reza Hashemi, Shahram AmiriAgricultural Image AnalysisImage Classification

    Department of Computer Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran · Department of Decision and Information Sciences, School of Business Administration, Stetson University, DeLand, Florida, USA

  9. REViT: Roto-reflection Equivariant Convolutional Vision Transformer

    Jun 24, 2026Sheir A. Zaheer, Alexander C. Holston, Chan Y. ParkVision TransformerEquivariant Neural Networks

    1KC Machine Learning Lab, Seoul, Rep. of Korea.

  10. Homomorphic Encryptions for Privacy Preserving Vision

    Jun 23, 2026Preey Shah, Rohan Virani, Sanjari SrivastavaHomomorphic EncryptionPrivacy-Preserving ML

  11. Structural Kolmogorov-Arnold Convolutions: Learnable Function on the Values or the Filter Shape as Parameter-Efficient Alternative to Per-Edge Convolutional KANs

    Jun 23, 2026Stefano Mereu, Oleksandr Kuznetsov, Gabriele Marchello +4Kolmogorov-Arnold NetworksConvolutional Neural Networks

    Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy · Department of Intelligent Software Systems and Technologies, School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine · Department of Information Engineering, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy

  12. Leveraging AutoML for Sustainable Deep Learning: A Multi-Objective HPO Approach on Deep Shift Neural Networks

    Jun 22, 2026Leona Hennig, Marius LindauerMulti-Fidelity OptimizationEnergy-Efficient ML

    Institute of Artificial Intelligence Leibniz University Hanover · Institute of Artificial Intelligence Leibniz University Hanover L3S Research Center

  13. Learning Entropy Signature for Image Representation and Classification

    Jun 21, 2026Jan Glaser, Ivo Bukovsky, Noriyasu Homma +1Visual Representation LearningImage Classification

    Dpt. of Applied Mathematics Czech Technical University in Prague Prague, Czech Republic · Dpt. of Computer Science University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic · Dpt. of Radiological Imaging and Informatics Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai, Japan

  14. DeepForestVisionV2: Ecology-Driven Taxonomy Expansion for Camera-Trap Monitoring in African Tropical Forests

    Jun 18, 2026Hugo Magaldi, Theau d'Audiffret, Etienne Francois Akomo-Okoue +24Fine-Grained Image ClassificationWildlife Monitoring

    UMR7206 Eco-Anthropologie, MNHN, Paris, France; One Forest Vision initiative · Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Libreville, Gabon · Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale, Libreville, Gabon +13

  15. Hybrid ANN-SNN Pipeline with Local Plasticity

    Jun 18, 2026Denis Larionov, Khairutin Shtanchaev, Mikhail Kiselev +2Spiking Neural NetworksImage Classification

    Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russia · LLC NForm, Moscow, Russia · Dagestan State Technical University, Makhachkala, Russia +1

  16. Experimental Analysis of Neural Network-Based Image Classification on the CIFAR-10 Dataset

    Jun 17, 2026Necati Kagan Erkek, Emre Balci, Berkin HalayNeural Network GeneralizationConvolutional Neural Networks

    Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

  17. Rethinking Text-to-Image as Semantic-Aware Data Augmentation for Indoor Scene Recognition

    Jun 17, 2026Trong-Vu Hoang, Quang-Binh Nguyen, Dinh-Khoi Vo +3Synthetic Data AugmentationAI-Generated Image Detection

    University of Science, VNU-HCM, Vietnam · Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

  18. Complex Layout Classification in the Wild: A Low-Resource Approach with Layout-Preserving Augmentations

    Jun 15, 2026Sharva Gogawale, Iddo Hakim, Gal Grudka +5Data AugmentationDocument Layout Analysis

    School of Computer Science and AI, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel

  19. Quantum Enchanced Multi-Scale CNN with Bi-directional Mamba for Crop Field Analysis

    Jun 15, 2026Mohammad Salman Khan, Ehsan Atoofian, Saad B. AhmedAgricultural Image AnalysisHyperspectral Image Classification

    Department of Computer Science · Lakehead University · Thunder Bay, ON P7B5E1, Canada +1

  20. The Importance of Phase in Neural Representations: An Internal Oppenheim-Lim Test of Image Classifiers

    Jun 15, 2026Alper YıldırımVisual Representation LearningFrequency-Domain Feature Learning

  21. Classifying by Proxy: Explainable and Reproducible Ensemble of Proxy Tasks for Child Sexual Abuse Imagery Classification

    Jun 14, 2026Clara Ernesto, Carlos Caetano, Sandra Avila +3Explainable Artificial IntelligenceEnsemble Learning

    Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação (ICMC), Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (USP), Brazil · Instituto de Computação (IC), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil · Departamento de Ciência da Computação, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil +1

  22. Mitigating Visual Hallucinations in Multimodal Systems through Retrieval-Augmented Reliability-Aware Inference

    Jun 14, 2026Pratheswaran Hariharan, Haiping Xu, Donghui YanProbability CalibrationSelective Prediction

    Computer and Information Science University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, MA · Mathematics and Data Science University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth, MA

  23. EcoBin: A Two-Stage Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Contamination-Aware Waste Classification

    Jun 14, 2026Raghav Senthil KumarImage Classification

    BASIS Phoenix Phoenix, Arizona, USA

  24. Enhancing Precision Agriculture with a Hybrid Deep Learning Framework for Multi-Class Plant Disease Classification and Interpretability

    Jun 13, 2026Hasibul Islam Sufi, Ridam Roy, Shayla Alam Setu +1Plant Disease ClassificationHybrid CNN-Transformer Architectures

    Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh

  25. HiRo: A Compact Four-Directional Hierarchical Reservoir Token-Mixer for Efficient Image Classification

    Jun 13, 2026Md Farhadul Islam, Ishan Thakkar, J. Todd HastingsReservoir ComputingImage Classification

    University of Kentucky · Lexington, USA

  26. FlexPooling with Simple Auxiliary Classifiers in Deep Networks

    Jun 12, 2026Muhammad Ali, Omar Alsuwaidi, Salman KhanConvolutional Neural NetworksImage Classification

    Department of Computer Vision, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence · Department of Computer Vision, Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, UAE

  27. Improved Knowledge Distillation for Land-Use Image Classification

    Jun 12, 2026Arundhuti Sur, Abhiroop Chatterjee, Susmita Ghosh +1Cross-Architecture Knowledge DistillationKnowledge Distillation

    Jadavpur University, India · Rochester Institute of Technology, USA

  28. An Ensemble Deep Learning Approach for Reliable and Scalable Lemon Leaf Disease Classification

    Jun 12, 2026Shayan Abrar, Sudeepta Mandal, Abdul Awal Yasir +4Plant Disease ClassificationExplainable Image Classification

    Dept. of CSE American International University-Bangladesh Dhaka, Bangladesh · Dept. of CSE East West University Dhaka, Bangladesh · Dept. of CSE North South University Dhaka, Bangladesh

  29. GRAPE: Guided Parameter-Space Evolution for Compact Adversarial Robustness

    Jun 12, 2026Zhiyuan Ye, Xiangyu Zhou, Ji Qi +2Adversarial TrainingNeural Network Robustness

    University of Science and Technology of China · China Mobile · 2China Mobile (Suzhou) Software Technology Co., Ltd.

  30. CottonLeafVision: An Explainable and Robust Deep Learning Framework for Cotton Leaf Disease Classification

    Jun 12, 2026Rafi Ahamed, Md. Abir Rahman, Tasnia Tarannum Roza +3Plant Disease ClassificationExplainable Image Classification

    Dept. of CSE East West University Dhaka, Bangladesh