LLM Planning

LLM: Large Language Model

Overview

Large language model planning asks whether models can turn goals and instructions into ordered actions, then adapt those actions as constraints or environments change. Common approaches include chain-of-thought and tree search, hierarchical task decomposition, reinforcement learning, and hybrid systems that connect language models to PDDL, symbolic solvers, tools, or learned world models. Benchmarks such as BlocksWorld, TravelPlanner, and ALFWorld test plan validity, efficiency, and adaptation in settings from fixed puzzles to interactive environments. Models still struggle with long horizons, coupled constraints, and disruptions; verification and solver-based methods improve reliability but raise questions about cost, generalization, and how much planning models can do on their own.

Latest papers

CardsList

142 papers22 papers in the last four weeks, up 47% on the four weeks before. 0.1% of all new papers.

  1. Verifiable Efficiency Limits of Innate LLM Planning in Sliding Puzzles

    Oct 26, 2026Yezhou Cheng, Charles LingLLM PlanningLong-Horizon Planning

  2. Curriculum-Guided Acquisition of Hierarchical Task Knowledge from LLM-Generated Experience

    Oct 26, 2026Yuesheng Xu, Hector Munoz-AvilaCurriculum LearningLLM Planning

  3. DJustify: Reason-and-Verify DJ Planning for Pop Transitions and Story-Driven Sets

    Oct 24, 2026Wei-Han Hsu, Li-Jie Lin, Po-Hsuan Lai +4LLM Planning

  4. TESS: LLM-guided Translation, Exploration, Simulation, and Search for Embodied Task Planning

    Oct 19, 2026Peiran Xu, Yixiang Yang, Jinghan Li +4Robot Task PlanningLLM Planning

  5. When Planning Problems Become Hard for LLMs: Separating Structural Complexity from Semantic Interpretability

    Oct 18, 2026Mayukh Debnath, Adeyinka Adedigba, Rammohan MallipeddiLLM PlanningSymbolic Planning

  6. Means-Ends Analysis Helps LLMs Plan in Continuous-State Domains

    Oct 18, 2026Jiayi Li, Carl KingsfordLLM PlanningStructured Reasoning in Language Models

  7. Testing the Planning Claims of LLM-Based Agents against Formal Semantics

    Oct 15, 2026Oriol Miro-Lopez-Feliu, Oscar Miró López-Feliu, Victor Gimenez-Abalos +3LLM PlanningLLM Agent Evaluation

  8. Watts If? A Benchmark for Counterfactual Reasoning About the AI Data Center Buildout

    Oct 15, 2026Pankaj Chouhan, Rajarshi Das, Aditya Dubey +5Counterfactual Reasoning in Language ModelsGenerative AI Evaluation

  9. BANGLAPLAN: A Benchmark for Constraint-Based Planning and Decision-Making in Bangla

    Oct 14, 2026Md Rayhanul Masud, S M Maksudul Alam, Mohammad Jaminur IslamLLM PlanningLLM Decision-Making

  10. MA-Bench: Measuring Operational Planning in Language Models

    Oct 13, 2026Rodney Lafuente-Mercado, Robert Sincero, Phil Sage +1LLM PlanningLLM Evaluation

  11. RetroPlanner: Multi-Route Expansion and Multi-Objective Reasoning for LLM-Based Retrosynthesis Planning

    Oct 12, 2026Ye Rin Kim, Yongjun Jeong, Seongjun Yun +4RetrosynthesisLLM Planning

  12. Large Language Model Assisted Transportation Planning through a Differentiable User Equilibrium Layer

    Oct 12, 2026Eunseung Lee, Gyeongjun Kim, Keemin SohnIntelligent Transportation SystemsLLM Planning

  13. Plan-and-Patch: Diffusion Language Models for Agentic Planning

    Oct 7, 2026Syamantak Kumar, Jiang Guo, Hassan Hamad +6LLM PlanningDiffusion-Based Planning

  14. CM-DPO: Constraint-Margin Direct Preference Optimization for LLM Planning

    Oct 6, 2026Rabimba Karanjai, Qun Gu, Hemanth Hegadehalli Madhavarao +8Direct Preference OptimizationLLM Planning

  15. LeanPlan: Optimal Planning with LLM-Generated Heuristics and Admissibility Proofs

    Oct 6, 2026André G. Pereira, Augusto B. Corrêa, Felipe Meneguzzi +1Automated Heuristic DesignLLM Planning

  16. OrbitTAMP: Grounding Language Models for Task and Motion Planning in Spacecraft Rendezvous

    Oct 1, 2026Yuji Takubo, Daniele Gammelli, Marco Pavone +1LLM PlanningSpacecraft Rendezvous and Proximity Operations

  17. Representation Alignment as a Bottleneck in LLM-Based Retrosynthesis Planning

    Sep 28, 2026Hyunwoo Yoo, Cassie Huang, Haebin Shin +2LLM PlanningSymbolic Planning

  18. WeaveData: A Multimodal Data Analysis System with Self-Critiquing and Self-Evolving LLM Plans

    Sep 28, 2026Min Jia, Shihao Zhou, Jun-Peng Zhu +9LLM Self-RefinementLLM Planning

  19. Commitment Hierarchies under Intent Revision: A Belief-Revision Account of Salvage in Tool-Use Agents

    Sep 28, 2026Spandan Ghose ChowdhuryBelief RevisionLLM Planning

  20. Planner-as-Router: Joint Plan-Time Model Routing for Cost-Efficient Multi-Agent Workflows

    Sep 26, 2026Vivek Kumar Singh, Preeti Priyam, Gautam BhowmickLLM Agent Workflow OptimizationLLM Routing

  21. PTC-Decoder: Towards Intelligent SLMs on Offline Resource-Constrained Edge Devices

    Sep 25, 2026Minghui Yu, Ke Mu, Gang WuLLM Tool UseSmall Language Models

  22. GRASP: Generating, Revising, and Assessing for Strategic Planning with Agentic AI

    Sep 24, 2026Arunabh Srivastava, Mohammad A., Khojastepour +2LLM Planning

  23. Provably Complete Generalized Planning with LLMs

    Sep 22, 2026Katharina Stein, Chaahat Jain, Jörg Hoffmann +1LLM PlanningSymbolic Planning

  24. World State Generator

    Sep 21, 2026Sungheon Jeong, Sanggeon Yun, Ryozo Masukawa +3LLM Agent PlanningLLM Planning